释义 |
substrate
sub·strate S0853700 (sŭb′strāt′)n.1. The material or substance on which an enzyme acts.2. Biology A surface on which an organism grows or is attached.3. An underlying layer; a substratum.4. Linguistics An indigenous language that contributes features to the language of an invading people who impose their language on the indigenous population. [From substratum.]substrate (ˈsʌbstreɪt) n1. (Biochemistry) biochem the substance upon which an enzyme acts2. another word for substratum3. (Electronics) electronics the semiconductor base on which other material is deposited, esp in the construction of integrated circuitssub•strate (ˈsʌb streɪt) n. 1. the surface or medium on which an organism lives or grows. 2. the substance acted upon by an enzyme. 3. the foundation on which an integrated electronic circuit is formed or fabricated. [1570–80; variant of substratum] sub·strate (sŭb′strāt′)1. The material or substance on which an enzyme acts. See Note at enzyme.2. The surface on which plants, algae, or certain animals, such as barnacles, live or grow. A substrate may serve as a source of food for an organism or simply provide support.substrate - The surface on which an organism lives or moves.See also related terms for moves.ThesaurusNoun | 1. | substrate - the substance that is acted upon by an enzyme or fermentsubstance - the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists; "DNA is the substance of our genes" | | 2. | substrate - a surface on which an organism grows or is attached; "the gardener talked about the proper substrate for acid-loving plants"substratumsurface - the extended two-dimensional outer boundary of a three-dimensional object; "they skimmed over the surface of the water"; "a brush small enough to clean every dental surface"; "the sun has no distinct surface" | | 3. | substrate - any stratum or layer lying underneath anothersubstratumstratum - one of several parallel layers of material arranged one on top of another (such as a layer of tissue or cells in an organism or a layer of sedimentary rock) | | 4. | substrate - an indigenous language that contributes features to the language of an invading people who impose their language on the indigenous population; "the Celtic languages of Britain are a substrate for English"substratumindigenous language - a language that originated in a specified place and was not brought to that place from elsewhere | Translationssubstratsottostratosubstratosubstrate
substrate1. Biochem the substance upon which an enzyme acts 2. Electronics the semiconductor base on which other material is deposited, esp in the construction of integrated circuits Substrate (1) In biology, the base—an object or substance—to which sedentary animals and plants, including microorganisms, are attached. (2) In biochemistry, a substance acted upon by enzymes. The term “substrate” refers to the primary and intermediate products of metabolism (metabolites) that take part in enzymatic transformations. Chemically, substrates may vary from simple molecules of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to highly complex molecules of proteins and nucleic acids. During an enzymatic reaction, the substrate is activated and combines with the enzyme to form an enzyme-substrate complex, which decomposes and releases the products of the reaction. As a rule, a given enzyme activates only few substrates, a phenomenon called substrative specificity. Consequently, the name of a substrate is often the source for the name of the corresponding enzyme. For example, the enzyme that splits D-glucose-1-phosphate into glucose and phosphate is called D-glucose-1-phosphatase. The substrative specificity of enzymes is determined by the structure of their active centers; substrates can directly affect the formation of these centers. The concentration of substrates is a factor in the regulation of enzymatic activity. Substrates and their analogues—substances similar in structure to the substrates —often induce the biosynthesis of the corresponding enzymes. Some analogues of substrates are specific inhibitors of enzymes. (3) In microbiology, nutrient media for the growth of microorganisms. N. N. CHERNOV substrate[′səb‚strāt] (biochemistry) The substance with which an enzyme reacts. (ecology) The foundation to which a sessile organism is attached. (electronics) The physical material on which a microcircuit is fabricated; used primarily for mechanical support and insulating purposes, as with ceramic, plastic, and glass substrates; however, semiconductor and ferrite substrates may also provide useful electrical functions. (engineering) Basic surface on which a material adheres, for example, paint or laminate. (organic chemistry) A compound with which a reagent reacts. substrate1. The underlying material to which a finish is applied, or by which it is supported. 2. A material upon which an adhesive, film, coating, etc., is applied.substrate (hardware)The body or base layer of an integrated circuit,onto which other layers are deposited to form the circuit.The substrate is usually Silicon, though Sapphire is used forcertain applications, particularly military, where radiationresistance is important. The substrate is originally part ofthe wafer from which the die is cut. It is used as theelectrical ground for the circuit.substrateThe base layer of a structure such as a chip, multichip module (MCM), printed circuit board or disk platter. Silicon is the most widely used substrate for chips. Fiberglass (FR4) is mostly used for printed circuit boards, and ceramic is used for MCMs. Disk substrates are typically aluminum, glass or plastic.substrate
substrate [sub´strāt] 1. any substance upon which an enzyme acts.2. a neutral substance containing a nutrient solution.3. a surface upon which a different material is deposited or adhered, usually in a coating or layer.sub·strate (S), (sŭb'strāt), 1. The substance acted on and changed by an enzyme; the reactant considered to be attacked in a chemical reaction. 2. That on which an organism lives or grows (for example, the substrate on which microorganisms and cells grow in cell culture). [L. sub-sterno, pp. -stratus, to spread under] substrate (sŭb′strāt′)n.1. The material or substance on which an enzyme acts.2. Biology A surface on which an organism grows or is attached.3. An underlying layer; a substratum.substrate Psychiatry The mental and/or emotional basis on which a particular response occurs. See Suicide substrate. sub·strate (S) (sŭb'strāt) 1. The substance acted on and changed by an enzyme; the reactant considered to be attacked in a chemical reaction. 2. The base on which an organism lives or grows, e.g., the substrate on which microorganisms and cells grow in cell culture. [L. sub-sterno, pp. -stratus, to spread under]substrate The substance on which an ENZYME acts. Any reactant in a reaction that is catalyzed by an enzyme.substrate - the medium on which an organism (especially a microorganism) can grow.
- the solid object to which a plant is attached, such as a rock forming the substrate for a seaweed STIPE.
- any substance on which an enzyme can act.
sub·strate (sŭb'strāt) 1. Substance acted on and changed by an enzyme. 2. That on which an organism lives or grows (e.g., substrate on which microorganisms and cells grow in cell culture). [L. sub-sterno, pp. -stratus, to spread under]substrate
Synonyms for substratenoun the substance that is acted upon by an enzyme or fermentRelated Wordsnoun a surface on which an organism grows or is attachedSynonymsRelated Wordsnoun any stratum or layer lying underneath anotherSynonymsRelated Wordsnoun an indigenous language that contributes features to the language of an invading people who impose their language on the indigenous populationSynonymsRelated Words |