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pascal
pas·cal P0092900 (pă-skăl′, pä-skäl′)n.1. Abbr. Pa A unit of pressure equal to one newton per square meter.2. Pascal A programming language designed to support structured programming and used in teaching, applications, and systems programming.
[After Blaise Pascal.]Pascal (French paskal) n (Biography) Blaise (blɛz). 1623–62, French philosopher, mathematician, and physicist. As a scientist, he made important contributions to hydraulics and the study of atmospheric pressure and, with Fermat, developed the theory of probability. His chief philosophical works are Lettres provinciales (1656–57), written in defence of Jansenism and against the Jesuits, and Pensées (1670), fragments of a Christian apologia
Pascal (ˈpæsˌkæl; -kəl) n (Computer Science) a high-level computer programming language developed as a teaching language: used for general-purpose programming
pascal (ˈpæskəl) n (Units) physics the derived SI unit of pressure; the pressure exerted on an area of 1 square metre by a force of 1 newton; equivalent to 10 dynes per square centimetre or 1.45 × 10–4 pound per square inch. Symbol: Pa [C20: named after Blaise Pascal]pas•cal (pæˈskæl, pɑˈskɑl)
n. the SI unit of pressure or stress, equal to one newton per square meter. Abbr.: Pa [1955–60; after Blaise Pascal] Pas•cal (pæˈskæl)
n. 1. Blaise, 1623–62, French philosopher and mathematician. 2. Also, PASCAL a high-level computer language, a descendant of ALGOL, designed to facilitate structured programming. pas·cal (pă-skăl′, pä-skäl′) A unit used to measure pressure. One pascal is equal to one newton per square meter.Pascal1. The unit of pressure produced when one newton acts on about 1 sq m.2. (Pa) A unit of pressure equal to the force of one newton acting over an area of one square meter.3. A high-level, general-purpose programming language.Thesaurus| Noun | 1. | pascal - a unit of pressure equal to one newton per square meterPapressure unit - a unit measuring force per unit area | | 2. |  Pascal - French mathematician and philosopher and Jansenist; invented an adding machine; contributed (with Fermat) to the theory of probability (1623-1662)Blaise Pascal | | 3. | Pascal - a programing language designed to teach programming through a top-down modular approachprograming language, programming language - (computer science) a language designed for programming computers |
Translations
Pascal
Pascal: see programming languageprogramming language,
syntax, grammar, and symbols or words used to give instructions to a computer. Development of Low-Level Languages
All computers operate by following machine language programs, a long sequence of instructions called machine code that is
..... Click the link for more information. .pascal (pas -kăl) Symbol: Pa. The SI unit of pressure, equal to a pressure of one newton per square meter.Pascal a unit of pressure and mechanical stress in the International System of Units. The unit was named in honor of the French scientist B. Pascal and is the pressure exerted by a force of 1 newton (N) uniformly distributed over an area of 1 m2. The international symbol is Pa. 1 Pa = 1 N/m2 = 10 dynes/cm2= 0.102 kilogram-force/m2 = 10-5 bar = 7.50 X 10-3 mm Hg = 0.102 mm water. pascal[pa′skal] (mechanics) A unit of pressure equal to the pressure resulting from a force of 1 newton acting uniformly over an area of 1 square meter. Symbolized Pa.
Pascal[pa′skal] (computer science) A procedure-oriented programming language whose highly structured design facilitates the rapid location and correction of coding errors. pascal (Pa)The Standard International unit of pressure; 1 pascal is equal to 1 newton per square meter.Pascal (Pa)The unit of measurement for pressure, named after the French mathematician Blaise Pascal (1623–1662). It is the pressure exerted by a force of one newton per square centimeter. In meteorology, the term hectopascal (hPa) (100 Pascals) may be used. One hectopascal = one millibar. The average air pressure is 1013.25 hPa or 101,325 Pa. In aviation, the most common usage is for the altimeter setting. Altimeter settings used to be given in millibars but now are given in hectopascals; however, the number is the same.pascal the derived SI unit of pressure; the pressure exerted on an area of 1 square metre by a force of 1 newton; equivalent to 10 dynes per square centimetre or 1.45 × 10--4 pound per square inch.
Pascal1 Blaise . 1623--62, French philosopher, mathematician, and physicist. As a scientist, he made important contributions to hydraulics and the study of atmospheric pressure and, with Fermat, developed the theory of probability. His chief philosophical works are Lettres provinciales (1656--57), written in defence of Jansenism and against the Jesuits, and Pensées (1670), fragments of a Christian apologia
Pascal2 a high-level computer programming language developed as a teaching language: used for general-purpose programming Pascal (language)(After the French mathematician Blaise Pascal(1623-1662)) A programming language designed by Niklaus Wirth around 1970. Pascal was designed for simplicity andfor teaching programming, in reaction to the complexity ofALGOL 68. It emphasises structured programmingconstructs, data structures and strong typing. Innovationsincluded enumeration types, subranges, sets, variant records, and the case statement. Pascal has been extremelyinfluential in programming language design and has a greatnumber of variants and descendants.
ANSI/IEEE770X3.97-1993 is very similar to ISO Pascal butdoes not include conformant arrays.
ISO 7185-1983(E). Level 0 and Level 1. Changes from Jensen &Wirth's Pascal include name equivalence; names must be boundbefore they are used; loop index must be local to theprocedure; formal procedure parameters must include theirarguments; conformant array schemas.
An ALGOL-descended language designed by Niklaus Wirth on theCDC 6600 around 1967--68 as an instructional tool forelementary programming. This language, designed primarily tokeep students from shooting themselves in the foot and thusextremely restrictive from a general-purpose-programming pointof view, was later promoted as a general-purpose tool and, infact, became the ancestor of a large family of languagesincluding Modula-2 and Ada (see also bondage-and-discipline language). The hackish point of view on Pascal was probablybest summed up by a devastating (and, in its deadpan way,screamingly funny) 1981 paper by Brian Kernighan (of K&Rfame) entitled "Why Pascal is Not My Favourite ProgrammingLanguage", which was turned down by the technical journals butcirculated widely via photocopies. It was eventuallypublished in "Comparing and Assessing Programming Languages",edited by Alan Feuer and Narain Gehani (Prentice-Hall, 1984).Part of his discussion is worth repeating here, because itscriticisms are still apposite to Pascal itself after ten yearsof improvement and could also stand as an indictment of manyother bondage-and-discipline languages. At the end of asummary of the case against Pascal, Kernighan wrote:
9. There is no escape
This last point is perhaps the most important. The languageis inadequate but circumscribed, because there is no way toescape its limitations. There are no casts to disable thetype-checking when necessary. There is no way to replace thedefective run-time environment with a sensible one, unless onecontrols the compiler that defines the "standard procedures".The language is closed.
People who use Pascal for serious programming fall into afatal trap. Because the language is impotent, it must beextended. But each group extends Pascal in its own direction,to make it look like whatever language they really want.Extensions for separate compilation, Fortran-like COMMON,string data types, internal static variables, initialisation,octal numbers, bit operators, etc., all add to the utilityof the language for one group but destroy its portability toothers.
I feel that it is a mistake to use Pascal for anything muchbeyond its original target. In its pure form, Pascal is a toylanguage, suitable for teaching but not for real programming.
Pascal has since been almost entirely displaced (by C) fromthe niches it had acquired in serious applications and systemsprogramming, but retains some popularity as a hobbyistlanguage in the MS-DOS and Macintosh worlds.
See also Kamin's interpreters, p2c.
["The Programming Language Pascal", N. Wirth, Acta Informatica1:35-63, 1971].
["PASCAL User Manual and Report", K. Jensen & N. Wirth,Springer 1975] made significant revisions to the language.
[BS 6192, "Specification for Computer Programming LanguagePascal", British Standards Institute 1982].PascalA high-level programming language developed by Swiss professor Niklaus Wirth in the early 1970s and named after the French mathematician, Blaise Pascal. It is noted for its structured programming, which caused it to achieve popularity initially in academic circles. Pascal has had strong influence on subsequent languages, such as Ada, dBASE and PAL. See Turbo Pascal.
Pascal is available in both interpreter and compiler form and has unique ways of defining variables. For example, a set of values can be stated for a variable, and if any other value is stored in it, the program generates an error at runtime. A Pascal set is an array-like structure that can hold a varying number of predefined values. Sets can be matched and manipulated providing powerful non-numeric programming capabilities.
The following Turbo Pascal example converts Fahrenheit to Celsius:
program convert; var fahr, cent : real; begin write('Enter Fahrenheit '); readln(fahr); cent := (fahr - 32) * 5 / 9; writeln('Celsius is ',cent) end.pascal
pascal (Pa) [pas-kal´, pas´kal] the SI unit of pressure, which corresponds to a force of one newton per square meter.Pas·cal (pahs-kahl'), Blaise, French scientist, 1623-1662. See: pascal, Pascal law.
pas·cal (Pa), (pahs'kahl), A derived unit of pressure or stress in the SI system, expressed in newtons per square meter; equal to 10-5 bar or 7.50062 × 10-3 torr. [Blaise Pascal] pas·cal (pas-kahl') A derived unit of pressure or stress in the SI, expressed in newtons per square meter; equal to 10-5 bar or 7.50062 × 10-3 torr. [Blaise Pascal]Pascal, Blaise, French scientist, 1623-1662. pascal - a derived unit of pressure or stress in the SI system.Pascal law - fluids at rest transmit pressure equally in every direction.FinancialSeePAPASCAL
| Acronym | Definition |
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| PASCAL➣Place Management, Social Capital and Learning Regions (Observatory) | | PASCAL➣Partnership among South Carolina Academic Libraries (Columbia, SC) | | PASCAL➣Primary and Secondary Calibration on Active Layer (sensors) | | PASCAL➣Philips Automatic Sequence Calculator | | PASCAL➣Preservation and Access Service Center for Colorado Academic Libraries | | PASCAL➣Programme d'Aide aux Sciences et aux Langues (French: Assistance Program for Science and Languages) | | PASCAL➣[not an acronym] High level structured programming language named for 17th century mathematician Blaise Pascal) |
See PApascal
Related to pascal: Newton, Blaise Pascal, Turbo Pascal, Pascal law, Pascal triangleSynonyms for pascalnoun a unit of pressure equal to one newton per square meterSynonymsRelated Wordsnoun French mathematician and philosopher and JansenistSynonymsnoun a programing language designed to teach programming through a top-down modular approachRelated Words- programing language
- programming language
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