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单词 wall
释义

wall


wall

W0017400 (wôl)n.1. An upright structure of masonry, wood, plaster, or other building material serving to enclose, divide, or protect an area, especially a vertical construction forming an inner partition or exterior siding of a building.2. often walls A continuous structure of masonry or other material forming a rampart and built for defensive purposes.3. A structure of stonework, concrete, or other material built to retain a flow of water.4. a. Something resembling a wall in appearance, function, or construction, as the exterior surface of a body organ or part: the abdominal wall.b. Something resembling a wall in impenetrability or strength: a wall of silence; a wall of fog.c. An extreme or desperate condition or position, such as defeat or ruin: driven to the wall by poverty.5. Sports The vertical surface of an ocean wave in surfing.tr.v. walled, wall·ing, walls 1. To enclose, surround, or fortify with or as if with a wall: wall up an old window. See Synonyms at enclose.2. To divide or separate with or as if with a wall. Often used with off: wall off half a room.3. To confine or seal behind a wall; immure: "I determined to wall [the body] up in the cellar" (Edgar Allan Poe).4. To block or close (an opening or passage, for example) with or as if with a wall.Idioms: off the wall Slang 1. Extremely unconventional.2. Without foundation; ridiculous: an accusation that is really off the wall. up the wall Slang Into a state of extreme frustration, anger, or distress: tensions that are driving me up the wall. writing/handwriting on the wall An ominous indication of the course of future events: saw the writing on the wall and fled the country.
[Middle English, from Old English weall, from Latin vallum, palisade, from vallus, stake. Idiom, in reference to an incident in the Bible (Daniel 5) in which a hand writes mysterious words on the wall of Belshazzar's banquet hall and the prophet Daniel interprets them as predicting the king's downfall.]
wall′less adj.

wall

(wɔːl) n1. (Building) a. a vertical construction made of stone, brick, wood, etc, with a length and height much greater than its thickness, used to enclose, divide, or supportb. (as modifier): wall hangings. mural2. (Fortifications) (often plural) a structure or rampart built to protect and surround a position or place for defensive purposes3. (Anatomy) anatomy any lining, membrane, or investing part that encloses or bounds a bodily cavity or structure: abdominal wall. Technical name: paries 4. (Mountaineering) mountaineering a vertical or almost vertical smooth rock face5. anything that suggests a wall in function or effect: a wall of fire; a wall of prejudice. 6. bang one's head against a brick wall to try to achieve something impossible7. drive to the wall push to the wall to force into an awkward situation8. drive up the wall slang to cause to become crazy or furious9. (Banking & Finance) go to the wall to be ruined; collapse financially10. go up the wall slang to become crazy or furious11. have one's back to the wall to be in a very difficult situation12. See off-the-wall13. See wall-to-wallvb (tr) 14. to protect, provide, or confine with or as if with a wall15. (Building) (often foll by up) to block (an opening) with a wall16. (Building) (often foll by: in or up) to seal by or within a wall or walls[Old English weall, from Latin vallum palisade, from vallus stake] walled adj ˈwall-less adj ˈwall-ˌlike adj

wall

(wɔl)
n. 1. any of various permanent upright constructions having a length much greater than the thickness and presenting a continuous surface except where pierced by doors, windows, etc.: used for shelter, protection, or privacy. 2. an immaterial or intangible barrier, obstruction, etc., suggesting a wall: a wall of prejudice. 3. a wall-like enclosing part, thing, mass, etc.: a wall of fire; a wall of troops. 4. an embankment to prevent flooding, as a levee or sea wall. 5. Usu., walls. a rampart raised for defensive purposes. 6. the outermost film or layer of structural material protecting, surrounding, and defining the physical limits of an object: the wall of a blood cell. adj. 7. of or pertaining to a wall. 8. growing against or on a wall: wall plants. 9. situated or installed in or on a wall: a wall oven. v.t. 10. to enclose, border, etc., with or as if with a wall (often fol. by in or off): to wall in the playground. 11. to seal or fill (a doorway or other opening) with a wall: to wall an unused entrance. 12. to seal or entomb (something or someone) within a wall; immure (usu. fol. by up). Idioms: 1. climb the walls, Informal. to become tense or frantic. 2. go to the wall, a. to be defeated; yield. b. to fail in business; be forced into bankruptcy. c. to risk one's own position to defend or protect another. 3. hit the wall, to reach a point in a long-distance race when the body's fuels are virtually depleted and willpower becomes crucial to the ability to finish. 4. off the wall, Slang. a. unreasonable; crazy. b. eccentric; bizarre. 5. up the wall, Informal. into a state of frantic frustration. [before 900; Middle English; Old English w(e)all (c. Old Frisian, Old Saxon wal) < Latin vallum palisade, derivative of vallus stake, post]

wall

- Comes from Latin vallum, "rampart."See also related terms for rampart.

Wall

 something that represents a wall in appearance.Examples: black wall of forest, 1859; wall of fog, 1903; of rock, 1860; of snow, 1697; of soldiers, 1797; of water, 1859.

wall


Past participle: walled
Gerund: walling
Imperative
wall
wall
Present
I wall
you wall
he/she/it walls
we wall
you wall
they wall
Preterite
I walled
you walled
he/she/it walled
we walled
you walled
they walled
Present Continuous
I am walling
you are walling
he/she/it is walling
we are walling
you are walling
they are walling
Present Perfect
I have walled
you have walled
he/she/it has walled
we have walled
you have walled
they have walled
Past Continuous
I was walling
you were walling
he/she/it was walling
we were walling
you were walling
they were walling
Past Perfect
I had walled
you had walled
he/she/it had walled
we had walled
you had walled
they had walled
Future
I will wall
you will wall
he/she/it will wall
we will wall
you will wall
they will wall
Future Perfect
I will have walled
you will have walled
he/she/it will have walled
we will have walled
you will have walled
they will have walled
Future Continuous
I will be walling
you will be walling
he/she/it will be walling
we will be walling
you will be walling
they will be walling
Present Perfect Continuous
I have been walling
you have been walling
he/she/it has been walling
we have been walling
you have been walling
they have been walling
Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been walling
you will have been walling
he/she/it will have been walling
we will have been walling
you will have been walling
they will have been walling
Past Perfect Continuous
I had been walling
you had been walling
he/she/it had been walling
we had been walling
you had been walling
they had been walling
Conditional
I would wall
you would wall
he/she/it would wall
we would wall
you would wall
they would wall
Past Conditional
I would have walled
you would have walled
he/she/it would have walled
we would have walled
you would have walled
they would have walled

wall

Line-up of defending players between the ball and the goal to block a free kick at goal. All opponents must be at least 29.5 ft from the ball.
Thesaurus
Noun1.wall - an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thicknesswall - an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure; "the south wall had a small window"; "the walls were covered with pictures"archway, arch - a passageway under a curved masonry construction; "they built a triumphal arch to memorialize their victory"attic - (architecture) a low wall at the top of the entablature; hides the roofbearing wall - any wall supporting a floor or the roof of a buildingbuilding, edifice - a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place; "there was a three-story building on the corner"; "it was an imposing edifice"coping stone, capstone, copestone, stretcher - a stone that forms the top of wall or buildingcavity wall - a wall formed of two thicknesses of masonry with a space between themchimney breast - walls that project out from the wall of a room and surround the chimney baserow, course - (construction) a layer of masonry; "a course of bricks"doorway, room access, door, threshold - the entrance (the space in a wall) through which you enter or leave a room or building; the space that a door can close; "he stuck his head in the doorway"firewall - a fireproof (or fire-resistant) wall designed to prevent the spread of fire through a building or a vehiclegable, gable end, gable wall - the vertical triangular wall between the sloping ends of gable roofhall, hallway - an interior passage or corridor onto which rooms open; "the elevators were at the end of the hall"cope, coping, header - brick that is laid sideways at the top of a wallpaneling, panelling, pane - a panel or section of panels in a wall or doorparapet - a low wall along the edge of a roof or balconypartition, divider - a vertical structure that divides or separates (as a wall divides one room from another)pier - (architecture) a vertical supporting structure (as a portion of wall between two doors or windows)proscenium wall, proscenium - the wall that separates the stage from the auditorium in a modern theaterroom - an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling; "the rooms were very small but they had a nice view"sidewall - a wall that forms the side of a structuredado, wainscot - panel forming the lower part of an interior wall when it is finished differently from the rest of the wallwainscoting, wainscotting - a wainscoted wall (or wainscoted walls collectively)wall panel - paneling that forms part of a wall
2.wall - anything that suggests a wall in structure or function or effectwall - anything that suggests a wall in structure or function or effect; "a wall of water"; "a wall of smoke"; "a wall of prejudice"; "negotiations ran into a brick wall"object, physical object - a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow; "it was full of rackets, balls and other objects"footwall - the lower wall of an inclined faulthanging wall - the upper wall of an inclined fault
3.wall - (anatomy) a layer (a lining or membrane) that encloses a structure; "stomach walls"pariesabdominal wall - a wall of the abdomenanatomy, general anatomy - the branch of morphology that deals with the structure of animalsstratum - one of several parallel layers of material arranged one on top of another (such as a layer of tissue or cells in an organism or a layer of sedimentary rock)
4.wall - a difficult or awkward situation; "his back was to the wall"; "competition was pushing them to the wall"difficulty - a condition or state of affairs almost beyond one's ability to deal with and requiring great effort to bear or overcome; "grappling with financial difficulties"
5.wall - a vertical (or almost vertical) smooth rock face (as of a cave or mountain)cave - a geological formation consisting of an underground enclosure with access from the surface of the ground or from the seageological formation, formation - (geology) the geological features of the earth
6.wall - a layer of material that encloses space; "the walls of the cylinder were perforated"; "the container's walls were blue"layer, bed - single thickness of usually some homogeneous substance; "slices of hard-boiled egg on a bed of spinach"
7.wall - a masonry fence (as around an estate or garden)wall - a masonry fence (as around an estate or garden); "the wall followed the road"; "he ducked behind the garden wall and waited"fence, fencing - a barrier that serves to enclose an areaparty wall - a wall erected on the line between two properties and shared by both ownersretaining wall - a wall that is built to resist lateral pressure (especially a wall built to prevent the advance of a mass of earth)
8.wall - an embankment built around a space for defensive purposeswall - an embankment built around a space for defensive purposes; "they stormed the ramparts of the city"; "they blew the trumpet and the walls came tumbling down"bulwark, rampartbailey - the outer defensive wall that surrounds the outer courtyard of a castlebattlement, crenelation, crenellation - a rampart built around the top of a castle with regular gaps for firing arrows or gunsearthwork - an earthen rampartembankment - a long artificial mound of stone or earth; built to hold back water or to support a road or as protectionfortification, munition - defensive structure consisting of walls or mounds built around a stronghold to strengthen itfraise - sloping or horizontal rampart of pointed stakesmerlon - a solid section between two crenels in a crenelated battlement
Verb1.wall - surround with a wall in order to fortifypalisade, fence in, fence, surroundprotect - shield from danger, injury, destruction, or damage; "Weatherbeater protects your roof from the rain"stockade - surround with a stockade in order to fortifycircumvallate - surround with or as if with a rampart or other fortificationwall in, wall up - enclose with a wall

wall

noun1. partition, divider, room divider, screen, panel, barrier, enclosure We're going to knock down the dividing wall to give us one big room.2. barricade, rampart, fortification, bulwark, blockade, embankment, parapet, palisade, stockade, breastwork The Romans breached the city walls and captured the city.3. barrier, obstacle, barricade, obstruction, check, bar, block, fence, impediment, hindrance I appealed for help but met the usual wall of silence.drive someone up the wall (Informal) infuriate, madden, exasperate, get on your nerves (informal), anger, provoke, annoy, irritate, aggravate (informal), incense, enrage, gall, rile, drive you crazy (informal), nark (Brit., Austral., & N.Z. slang), be like a red rag to a bull, make your blood boil, get your goat (slang), drive you insane, make your hackles rise, raise your hackles, piss your off (taboo slang), send off your head (slang), get your back up, make you see red (informal), put your back up That tuneless humming of his drives me up the wall.go to the wall (Informal) fail, close down, go under, go out of business, fall, crash, collapse, fold (informal), be ruined, go bust (informal), go bankrupt, go broke (informal), go into receivership, become insolvent Even big companies are going to the wall these days.off the wall comical, eccentric, wacky (slang), oddball (informal), funny, out there (slang), crazy, loony (slang), nutty (slang), zany, madcap, goofy (informal), kooky (U.S. informal), clownish, wacko or whacko (informal) his particular brand of off-the-wall humourwall someone up enclose, confine, detain, imprison, lock up, constrain, put away, incarcerate, jail He was walled up in a tiny cell and left to die.wall something or someone in enclose, surround, bound, fence, hedge, encompass, encircle, encase, impound, pen in, circumscribe, hem in, shut in The garden is walled in to create a feeling of privacy.wall something up close, block off or up, secure, seal, shut up They had walled up the room for fear of infection.Related words
adjective mural

wall

noun1. A solid structure that encloses an area or separates one area from another:barrier, partition.2. Something that impedes or prevents entry or passage:bar, barricade, barrier, block, blockage, clog, hamper, hindrance, hurdle, impediment, obstacle, obstruction, snag, stop, traverse.verb1. To separate with or as if with a wall:fence, partition.2. To confine within a limited area.In or up:cage, coop (in or up), enclose, fence (in), immure, mew (up), pen, shut in, shut up.3. To shut in with or as if with bars:bar, confine, lock.
Translations
墙壁用墙围住墙

wall

(woːl) noun1. something built of stone, brick, plaster, wood etc and used to separate off or enclose something. There's a wall at the bottom of the garden: The Great Wall of China; a garden wall.2. any of the sides of a building or room. One wall of the room is yellow – the rest are white. 牆壁 墙壁 verb (often with in) to enclose (something) with a wall. We've walled in the playground to prevent the children getting out. 用牆圍住 用墙围住walled adjectivea walled city. 有城牆的 有城墙的-walled having (a certain type or number of) wall(s). a high-walled garden. 有(特定種類或數量)牆的 有...墙的ˈwallpaper noun paper used to decorate interior walls of houses etc. My wife wants to put wallpaper on the walls but I would rather paint them. 壁紙 壁纸 verb to put such paper on. I have wallpapered the front room. 貼壁紙 糊壁纸ˌwall-to-ˈwall adjective (of a carpet etc) covering the entire floor of a room etc. 在房間的整個地板鋪上(地毯等) 墙到墙的,整个地板铺满的 have one's back to the wall to be in a desperate situation. The army in the south have their backs to the wall, and are fighting a losing battle. 走投無路 处于绝境up the wall crazy. This business is sending/driving me up the wall! 發狂 陷入困境

wall

墙壁zhCN

wall


See:
  • a fly on the wall
  • back to the wall
  • back to the wall, with one's
  • balls to the wall
  • bang (one's) head against a brick wall
  • bang (one's) head against a wall
  • bang your head against a brick wall
  • be banging (one's) head against a brick wall
  • be banging your head against a brick wall
  • be banging, etc. your head against a brick wall
  • be bouncing off the walls
  • be climbing the walls
  • be hitting (one's) head against a (brick) wall
  • be like talking to a brick wall
  • be off the wall
  • be/come up against a brick wall
  • beat (one's) head against a stone wall
  • beat (one's) head against a/the wall
  • beat head against the wall
  • beat one's head against the wall
  • beat one's head against the wall, to
  • between you and me
  • between you and me and the bedpost/gatepost/four walls/lamppost
  • between you me and the bedpost
  • blue wall of silence
  • bounce off the walls
  • break the fourth wall
  • brick wall
  • Chinese wall
  • climb the wall
  • climb the wall(s), to
  • climb the walls
  • climbing the walls
  • come up against a brick wall
  • drive (one) to the wall
  • drive (one) up the wall
  • drive (someone) up the wall, to
  • drive someone crazy
  • drive someone up the wall
  • drive up the wall
  • drive/send somebody up the wall
  • fly on the wall
  • force (one) to the wall
  • force to the wall
  • fourth wall
  • fourth wall joke
  • front wall
  • give the wall
  • go over the wall
  • go to the wall
  • go up the wall
  • handwriting on the wall
  • have (one's) back against the wall
  • have (one's) back to the wall
  • have back to the wall
  • have your back to the wall
  • hit a brick wall
  • hit a stone wall
  • hit a wall
  • hit the wall
  • hole in the wall
  • knock (one's) head against a (brick) wall
  • knock (one's) head against a/the wall
  • knock head against a brick wall
  • like nailing Jell-O to the wall
  • like nailing jelly to the wall
  • like talking to a wall
  • like trying to nail Jell-O to the wall
  • nail (one) to the wall
  • nail (one's) hide to the wall
  • nail Jell-O to the wall
  • nail somebody to the wall
  • nail someone to a cross
  • nail someone to the wall
  • nail someone‘s hide to the wall
  • nail to a cross
  • off the wall
  • off-the-wall
  • over the wall
  • paint the devil on the wall
  • piss money up the wall
  • plastered to the wall
  • press (one) to the wall
  • push (one) to the wall
  • push to the wall
  • read the (hand)writing on the wall
  • read the handwriting on the wall
  • run (one's) head against a brick wall
  • run head against a brick wall
  • run into a brick wall
  • run into a stone wall
  • run one's head against (into) a brick/stone wall, to
  • see the (hand)writing on the wall
  • see the writing on the wall
  • send (one) up the wall
  • send up the wall
  • side wall
  • stick (one's) spoon in the wall
  • talk to a brick wall
  • the (hand)writing is on the wall
  • the (hand)writing on the wall
  • the walls have ears
  • the writing is on the wall
  • the writing on the wall
  • these four walls
  • throw enough mud at the wall, some of it will stick
  • turn (one's) face to the wall
  • up against a brick wall
  • up against it/the wall
  • up against the wall
  • up the wall
  • up the walls
  • wall in
  • wall job
  • wall of silence
  • wall off
  • Wall Street
  • wall up
  • wall-eyed
  • Walls have ears
  • walls have ears, the
  • wall-to-wall
  • with (one's) back against the wall
  • with (one's) back to the wall
  • with your back to the wall
  • writing on the wall, the

wall


wall,

in architecture, protective, enclosing, or dividing vertical structure. Its thickness is determined by the material, height, and stress. It may be of studding and lath, either boarded or plastered; adobe; rammed earthrammed earth,
material consisting chiefly of soil of sufficiently stiff consistency that has been placed in forms and pounded down. It has been used for buildings and walls since ancient times and was employed in some of the most ancient fortifications in the Middle East.
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; brickwork or stonework; concrete; tile; or of steel in combination with one or more of the preceding materials. The wall serves two functions. A bearing wall is used as a support, e.g., for the floors and roof. Usually raised on foundations, it is thicker at the bottom than at the top and is often buttressed. A nonbearing wall, such as a partition screenscreen,
in architecture, partition or enclosure not extending to the ceiling; usually a structure in stone, wood, or metal. It frequently serves to mark the boundaries of portions of churches and cathedrals.
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 or curtain wall, is used to separate and define spaces and is generally much thinner. A party wall is one common to two adjoining buildings, and a gable wall is one at right angles to the roof ridge. A fire wall, or bulkhead, separates hazardous equipment from the rest of a structure to prevent the spreading of fire; in ships the bulkhead is also watertight. The front wall or face of a building is termed the facadefacade
, exterior face or wall of a building. The term implies ordered placement of its openings and other features and thus seems inapplicable to a wall without design. Any freestanding structure may have four or more facades, designated by their orientation (e.g.
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. Exterior walls may be finished with stuccostucco
, in architecture, a term loosely applied to various kinds of plasterwork, both exterior and interior. It now commonly refers to a plaster or cement used for the external coating of buildings, most frequently employed in Mediterranean countries.
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 or graffitograffito
. 1 Method of ornamenting architectural plaster surfaces. The designs are produced by scratching a topcoat of plaster to reveal an undercoat of contrasting and deeper color.
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 and enhanced by bas-relief, tile, mosaic, or painted decoration. Arcade, rustication, and vermiculated work are means of ornamenting brick and stone masonry. In engineering a retaining wall either of CyclopeanCyclopean
, name often applied to a primitive method of prehistoric masonry construction, found throughout Greece, Italy, and the Middle East. The term is derived from Cyclopes, the mythological beings who were supposed to have built walls in this manner.
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 or of wet masonry protects an embankment from washing; a sea wall, or breakwaterbreakwater,
offshore structure to protect a harbor from wave energy or deflect currents. When it also serves as a pier, it is called a quay; when covered by a roadway it is called a mole.
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, is for harbor protection; and a damdam,
barrier, commonly across a watercourse, to hold back water, often forming a reservoir or lake; dams are also sometimes used to control or contain rockslides, mudflows, and the like in regions where these are common.
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 is an earth, masonry, or concrete wall to stop the natural flow of a stream to conserve a water supply or create power. The defensive walls of a city or other political division (see Great Wall of ChinaGreat Wall of China,
series of fortifications, c.3,890 mi (6,260 km) long (not including trenches and natural defensive barriers), winding across N China from Gansu prov. to Liaoning prov.
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) are frequently two or three concentric ramparts, often including fortificationfortification,
system of defense structures for protection from enemy attacks. Fortification developed along two general lines: permanent sites built in peacetime, and emplacements and obstacles hastily constructed in the field in time of war.
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 and watchtowers. Great portals form the gateways. Notable walls of antiquity were those of Thebes, Troy, Jericho, and Babylon; an example of a medieval wall is that at Carcassonne in France.

Wall

A structure that encloses or subdivides a space with a continuous surface; except where fenestration or other openings occur.

balloon frame wall

A system of framing a wooden building wherein the exterior bearing walls and partitions consists of single studs that extend the full height of the frame from the top of the soleplate to the roof plate.

bearing wall

Supports any vertical load in addition to its own weight.

cant wall

A wall canted in elevation from true vertical.

cantilever retaining wall

A wall retaining soil that acts as a cantilevered beam as opposed to one acting as a continuous beam spanning between supports.

cavity wall

An exterior wall, usually of masonry, consisting of an outer course and an inner course separated by a continuous air space connected by metal ties.

curtain wall

A method of construction in which all building loads are transmitted to a metal skeleton frame, so that the non-load-bearing exterior walls of metal and glass are simply a protective cladding.

exterior wall

A wall that is part of the envelope of a building thereby having one face exposed to the weather or to earth.

fire wall

Any fire-resistant wall that separates one building from another or that subdivides a large building into smaller spaces; it is usually continuous from the foundations extending above the roof.

foundation wall

A wall below, or partly below grade, to provide support for the exterior walls or other parts of the structure.

gable wall

A wall which continues to the roofline on the gable end of a structure.

gravity retaining wall

Retaining wall that relies on the weight of the masonry or concrete for its stability.

Wall

 

(or longwall), in mining, an underground mine working with a long working face, in which minerals are extracted. Its length may be 25–350 m or more, depending on the mining and geologic conditions and the system of exploitation of the deposit. In the USSR (1971), about 70 percent of the annual coal output is mined by the longwall system. The cutting, loading, and transportation of coal has been fully mechanized in 85 percent of all longwall systems in the USSR (1971). The term “wall” (in Russian, lava) was first used in the mines of the Donbas; it was first used in literature in A. I. Kuprin’s short story “In the Bowels of the Earth” (1899).


Wall

 

the principal enclosing member of a building. Walls not only serve as partitions but also have some load-bearing functions, since they are used as supports that accept vertical and horizontal loads. The major requirements of walls are strength, heat retention, noise insulation, fire resistance, durability, acceptable appearance, and economy.

A distinction is made between exterior and interior walls. According to their structural behavior, exterior walls are classified as (1) bearing walls, which, in addition to their own weight, accept loads from roofs, floors, and wind pressure and transfer these loads to the foundation, (2) shear walls, which rest on the foundation and support the load only of their own weight (throughout the floors of the building) and which are attached to the frame of the building to provide stability, and (3) nonbearing walls (including curtain walls), which support their own weight only within a single floor and transfer the load to the frame or other supporting members of the building.

Interior walls may be bearing or nonbearing. Nonbearing interior walls, or partitions, are designed only to separate rooms from one another; they are installed directly on floors. Ducting and chases for ventilation and gas, water, and plumbing lines are often incorporated in interior walls. Bearing walls, roofs, and floors form a stable three-dimensional system of the frame of a building. In frame structures, shear walls often act as diaphragms to provide lateral support.

Prefabricated, monolithic, and manually raised walls differ in the method used to erect them. Prefabricated walls are assembled from factory-prepared elements. Monolithic walls, usually made of concrete, are cast in place with movable or sliding form-work. Manually raised walls consist of small blocks of some building material set in mortar. Large-block and large-panel prefabricated walls differ in size of their prefabricated elements, the degree of factory prefabrication, and the system used for their sectioning. Single-layer and multilayer walls differ in their structural design.

The choice of materials used for walls depends on climatic conditions, the purpose and required strength of the building, the number of stories, and technical and economic considerations. Bearing walls in multistory buildings are made of brick, ceramic blocks, large blocks of lightweight and cellular concrete, reinforced-concrete panels, and other large-size components. Non-bearing walls must have minimum weight; they are made from multilayer reinforced-concrete panels with efficient thermal insulation and from panels made of especially lightweight concrete and asbestos cement. Wood, silica and unfired brick, slag-concrete and ceramic blocks, and natural stone are used in low-rise buildings.

To a large extent, walls determine the structural design and overall appearance of a building. The wall material used often denotes the building’s architectural and structural classification: large-panel, large-block, brick, log, and frame-panel.

REFERENCES

Konstruktsii grazhdanskikh zdanii. Edited by M. S. Tupolev. Moscow, 1968.
Konstruktsii promyshlennykh zdanii. Edited by A. N. Popov. Moscow, 1972.

Z. A. KAZBEK-KAZIEV

What does it mean when you dream about a wall?

Dreaming about a wall could be about our defensiveness, or a dream wall could represent a sense of security. The term “wall” is also central to many idioms, and the dream could be drawing on the meaning of one of these, such as: the “writing on the wall,” “off the wall,” our “back against the wall,” “talking to a brick wall,” or “hitting one’s head against the wall.”

wall

[wȯl] (engineering) A vertical structure or member forming an enclosure or defining a space. (geology) The side of a cave passage. (mining engineering) The side of a level or drift. The country rock bounding a vein laterally. The face of a longwall working or stall, commonly called coal wall.

wall

1. A structure which serves to enclose or subdivide a building, usually presenting a continuous surface except where penetrated by doors, windows, and the like. 2. A rampart. 3. A retaining wall. For specific types, see battered wall, bearing wall, blank wall, blind wall, boarded wall, board wallbreakaway wall, cavity wall, common wall, composite wall, counterwall, curtain wall, dead wall, dry wall, dry-stacked surface-bonded wall, fire wall, gable-end wall, hollow wall, load-bearing wall, masonry-bonded hollow wall, mud wall, non-load-bearing wall, partition, party wall, retaining wall, serpentine wall, spandrel wall, springing wall, street wall, structural wall, sustaining wall, veneered wall.

wall

1. Anatomy any lining, membrane, or investing part that encloses or bounds a bodily cavity or structure 2. Mountaineering a vertical or almost vertical smooth rock face

wall

Unix's "write all" command which sends a message to everyonecurrently logged in.

Walls

(dreams)Walls as dream images are generally considered obstacles and sources of isolation or confinement. Some people are emotionally guarded and feel unable to express themselves freely. If you are such a person, this dream symbol might be pointing to the walls that you have built around yourself. Additionally, if you are experiencing challenges and seemingly impenetrable difficulties in daily life, the wall in your dream may be a reflection of those factors. Consider your current situation and attempt to identify the source of the walls in your dream. Climbing the wall suggests that you are becoming prepared for or are able to overcome difficulties and/or challenges.

wall


wall

 [wawl] a structure bounding or limiting a space or a definitive mass of material; called also paries.cell wall a rigid structure that lies just outside of and is joined to the plasma membrane of plant cells and most prokaryotic cells, which protects the cell and maintains its shape.chest wall the structures bordering the thorax that move during breathing, including the cage" >rib cage, diaphragm, and abdomen.

wall

(wawl), [TA] An investing part enclosing a cavity such as the thorax or abdomen, or covering a cell or any anatomic unit. A wall, as of the thorax, abdomen, or any hollow organ. Synonym(s): paries [TA] [L. vallum]

wall

(wôl)n. A part of a structure that encloses a cavity, chamber, or other anatomical unit.

wall

(wawl) [TA] An investing part enclosing a cavity such as the thorax or abdomen, or covering a cell or any anatomic unit.
Synonym(s): paries.
[L. vallum]

wall

(wawl) [TA] An investing part enclosing a cavity such as the thorax, abdomen or any hollow unit, or that covers a cell or any anatomic unit. [L. vallum]

Wall


Related to Wall: walla, Wall Street, Walmart

WALL. A building or erection so well known as to need no definition. In general a man may build a wall on any part of his estate, to any height he may deem proper, and in such form as may best accommodate him; but he must take care not to erect a wall contrary to the local regulations, nor in such a manner as to be injurious to his neighbors. See Dig. 50, 16, 157. Vide Party Wall.

FinancialSeewriting

WALL


AcronymDefinition
WALLWork and Lifelong Learning (research network; Canada)
WALLWar and Law League (San Francisco, CA)
WALLWeb Assisted Language Learning
WALLWitness Against Lawless Logging (Oregon forests advocacy group)
WALLWeekend Adult Lifetime Learning (Southwest Virginia Higher Education Center; Abingdon, VA)
WALLWrong Algorithm - Large Modifications Required (software fault)

See WL

wall


Related to wall: walla, Wall Street, Walmart
  • all
  • noun
  • verb
  • phrase

Synonyms for wall

noun partition

Synonyms

  • partition
  • divider
  • room divider
  • screen
  • panel
  • barrier
  • enclosure

noun barricade

Synonyms

  • barricade
  • rampart
  • fortification
  • bulwark
  • blockade
  • embankment
  • parapet
  • palisade
  • stockade
  • breastwork

noun barrier

Synonyms

  • barrier
  • obstacle
  • barricade
  • obstruction
  • check
  • bar
  • block
  • fence
  • impediment
  • hindrance

phrase drive someone up the wall

Synonyms

  • infuriate
  • madden
  • exasperate
  • get on your nerves
  • anger
  • provoke
  • annoy
  • irritate
  • aggravate
  • incense
  • enrage
  • gall
  • rile
  • drive you crazy
  • nark
  • be like a red rag to a bull
  • make your blood boil
  • get your goat
  • drive you insane
  • make your hackles rise
  • raise your hackles
  • piss your off
  • send off your head
  • get your back up
  • make you see red
  • put your back up

phrase go to the wall

Synonyms

  • fail
  • close down
  • go under
  • go out of business
  • fall
  • crash
  • collapse
  • fold
  • be ruined
  • go bust
  • go bankrupt
  • go broke
  • go into receivership
  • become insolvent

phrase off the wall

Synonyms

  • comical
  • eccentric
  • wacky
  • oddball
  • funny
  • out there
  • crazy
  • loony
  • nutty
  • zany
  • madcap
  • goofy
  • kooky
  • clownish
  • wacko or whacko

phrase wall someone up

Synonyms

  • enclose
  • confine
  • detain
  • imprison
  • lock up
  • constrain
  • put away
  • incarcerate
  • jail

phrase wall something or someone in

Synonyms

  • enclose
  • surround
  • bound
  • fence
  • hedge
  • encompass
  • encircle
  • encase
  • impound
  • pen in
  • circumscribe
  • hem in
  • shut in

phrase wall something up

Synonyms

  • close
  • block off or up
  • secure
  • seal
  • shut up

Synonyms for wall

noun a solid structure that encloses an area or separates one area from another

Synonyms

  • barrier
  • partition

noun something that impedes or prevents entry or passage

Synonyms

  • bar
  • barricade
  • barrier
  • block
  • blockage
  • clog
  • hamper
  • hindrance
  • hurdle
  • impediment
  • obstacle
  • obstruction
  • snag
  • stop
  • traverse

verb to separate with or as if with a wall

Synonyms

  • fence
  • partition

verb to confine within a limited area

Synonyms

  • cage
  • coop
  • enclose
  • fence
  • immure
  • mew
  • pen
  • shut in
  • shut up

verb to shut in with or as if with bars

Synonyms

  • bar
  • confine
  • lock

Synonyms for wall

noun an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness

Related Words

  • archway
  • arch
  • attic
  • bearing wall
  • building
  • edifice
  • coping stone
  • capstone
  • copestone
  • stretcher
  • cavity wall
  • chimney breast
  • row
  • course
  • doorway
  • room access
  • door
  • threshold
  • firewall
  • gable
  • gable end
  • gable wall
  • hall
  • hallway
  • cope
  • coping
  • header
  • paneling
  • panelling
  • pane
  • parapet
  • partition
  • divider
  • pier
  • proscenium wall
  • proscenium
  • room
  • sidewall
  • dado
  • wainscot
  • wainscoting
  • wainscotting
  • wall panel

noun anything that suggests a wall in structure or function or effect

Related Words

  • object
  • physical object
  • footwall
  • hanging wall

noun (anatomy) a layer (a lining or membrane) that encloses a structure

Synonyms

  • paries

Related Words

  • abdominal wall
  • anatomy
  • general anatomy
  • stratum

noun a difficult or awkward situation

Related Words

  • difficulty

noun a vertical (or almost vertical) smooth rock face (as of a cave or mountain)

Related Words

  • cave
  • geological formation
  • formation

noun a layer of material that encloses space

Related Words

  • layer
  • bed

noun a masonry fence (as around an estate or garden)

Related Words

  • fence
  • fencing
  • party wall
  • retaining wall

noun an embankment built around a space for defensive purposes

Synonyms

  • bulwark
  • rampart

Related Words

  • bailey
  • battlement
  • crenelation
  • crenellation
  • earthwork
  • embankment
  • fortification
  • munition
  • fraise
  • merlon

verb surround with a wall in order to fortify

Synonyms

  • palisade
  • fence in
  • fence
  • surround

Related Words

  • protect
  • stockade
  • circumvallate
  • wall in
  • wall up
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