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trichomoniasisenUK
trich·o·mo·ni·a·sis T0349700 (trĭk′ə-mə-nī′ə-sĭs)n. pl. trich·o·mo·ni·a·ses (-sēz′) 1. A vaginal infection caused by a trichomonad (Trichomonas vaginalis) and marked by vaginal discharge and itching.2. An infection caused by trichomonads, as a disease of cattle that commonly results in infertility or abortion in infected cows.
[New Latin Trichomonas, genus name + -iasis.]trichomoniasis (ˌtrɪkəʊməˈnaɪəsɪs) n1. (Pathology) inflammation of the vagina characterized by a frothy discharge, caused by infection with parasitic protozoa (Trichomonas vaginalis)2. (Pathology) any infection caused by parasitic protozoa of the genus Trichomonas[C19: New Latin; see trichomonad, -iasis]trich•o•mo•ni•a•sis (ˌtrɪk ə məˈnaɪ ə sɪs)
n. 1. a sexually transmitted disease typically asymptomatic in men and resulting in vaginitis with a copious, frothy discharge and itching in women, caused by a trichomonad, Trichomonas vaginalis. 2. any of various other diseases caused by a trichomonad. [1915–20] Thesaurus| Noun | 1. | trichomoniasis - infection of the vaginaprotozoal infection - any infection caused by a protozoan |
TranslationstrichomoniasisenUK
trichomoniasis (trĭk'əmənī`əsĭs), sexually transmitted diseasesexually transmitted disease
(STD) or venereal disease,
term for infections acquired mainly through sexual contact. Five diseases were traditionally known as venereal diseases: gonorrhea, syphilis, and the less common granuloma inguinale, lymphogranuloma venereum, and
..... Click the link for more information. caused by the parasitic protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis. In women, it can cause urinary tract infection and a painful, malodorous vaginitis marked by a thin, foamy, irritating discharge. In men, it can infect the urethra and bladder. Most men have no noticeable symptoms, an important factor in its easy transmissibility. Trichomoniasis has been linked to the birth of low birth weight or premature infants and may increase the risk of AIDSAIDS
or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,
fatal disease caused by a rapidly mutating retrovirus that attacks the immune system and leaves the victim vulnerable to infections, malignancies, and neurological disorders. It was first recognized as a disease in 1981.
..... Click the link for more information. virus transmission. The infection is treated with metronidazole (Flagyl) or tinidazole (Tindamax, Fasigyn).Trichomoniasis an inflammatory disease of the urogenital organs of man and animals caused by trichomonads (parasites of the genus Trichomonas). In man, the causative agent of trichomoniasis is the parasite T. vaginalis. The source of the disease is an infected individual or a carrier. Infection is caused mainly by sexual intercourse, and sometimes by using a common towel. The principal form of the disease is trichomonas vaginitis in women and urethritis in men. Symptoms include itching and a burning sensation in the region of the external genitalia, a discharge from the urethra, leukor-rhea, and acute pain during urination. In women, the mucosa of the uterocervical canal may be affected (cervicitis), and in man, the seminal vesicles, prostate, and epididymis. The symptoms of trichomoniasis vary with the stage of the disease (acute, subacute, or chronic) and with the site of the inflammation. The course is protracted and characterized by recurrences. The diagnosis of trichomoniasis is based on the patient’s complaints and on detection of the causative agents. These are observed during microscopic examination of the sediment in specimens of urine, or of excretions obtained by curettage or irrigation of the vagina and urethra. Both sex partners are treated simultaneously with metronidazole according to a schedule prescribed by a physician. Intercourse during therapy is prohibited, and the genitalia must be kept scrupulously clean. The disease is prevented by observing the general precautions followed in the prevention of venereal disease. REFERENCESBaksheev, N. S., and I. K. Padchenko. Mochepolovoi trikhomonoz u zhenshchin. Moscow, 1971.
Semenov, P. P., and V. P. Semenov. Trikhomonadnyeporazheniia mochepolovykh organov cheloveka. Leningrad, 1972.A. P. KIRIUSHCHENKOV In animals, trichomoniasis occurs mainly in cattle, and occasionally in poultry. The causative agent in cattle is Trichomonas foetus, which infests the sexual organs. Infection takes place during mating. In cows, the disease is manifested by endometritis, miscarriages, and sterility; in bulls, it is marked by inflammation of the penis and decreased capacity for mating. Bulls that have recovered from the disease are frequently carriers. Furazolidone and carbachol are among the drugs used for treatment. The disease is prevented by isolating and treating affected animals and by inseminating cows artificially. In poultry, the causative agents of trichomoniasis invade the digestive tract, liver, and other organs. The young of chickens, turkeys, guinea fowls, and ducks are most frequently infected. Metronidazole and acetarsone are used for treatment. The disease is prevented by raising young fowls in isolation and by including trichomonacides in the feed. REFERENCETimofeev, B. A., and V. V. Petrovskii. Trikhomonady i trikhomo-nozy sel’skokhoziaistvennykh zhivotnykh. Moscow, 1967.trichomoniasis[‚trik·ə·mə′nī·ə·səs] (medicine) An infection caused by a species of the genus Trichomonas. trichomoniasisenUK
Trichomoniasis DefinitionTrichomoniasis refers to an infection of the genital and urinary tract. It is the most common sexually transmitted disease, affecting about 120 million women worldwide each year.DescriptionTrichomoniasis is caused by a protozoan (the smallest, single-celled members of the animal kingdom). Trichomonas vaginalis is passed almost 100% of the time through sexual contact. Trichomoniasis is primarily an infection of women's vaginal and urinary tracts. A woman is most susceptible to infection just after having completed her menstrual period. Men may carry the organism unknowingly, since infection in men may cause mild or no symptoms.Causes and symptomsBecause trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted disease, it occurs more often in individuals who have multiple sexual partners. The protozoan is passed to an individual by contact within the body fluids of an infected sexual partner. It often occurs simultaneously with other sexually transmitted diseases, especially gonorrhea.In women, the symptoms of trichomoniasis include an unpleasant vaginal odor, and a heavy, frothy, yellow discharge from the vagina. The genital area (vulva) is often very itchy, and there is frequently pain with urination or with sexual intercourse. The labia (lips) of the vagina, the vagina itself, and the cervix (the narrowed, lowest segment of the uterus which extends into the upper part of the vagina) will be bright red and irritated.In men, there are usually no symptoms at all. Occasionally, a man will notice a small amount of yellowish discharge from his penis, usually first thing in the morning. There may be some inflammation of the urethra, or urethritis, which produces mild discomfort while urinating.The use of antibiotics is a contributing factor to recurrent trichomoniasis in some women because antibiotics affect the balance of bacteria in the vagina, allowing such organisms as T. vaginalis to multiply more rapidly.DiagnosisDiagnosis is easily made by taking a sample of the discharge from the women's vagina, or from the opening of the man's penis. The sample is put on a slide, and viewed under a microscope. The protozoa, which are able to move about, are easily viewed.Trichomoniasis tends to be underdiagnosed in men because of the relative mildness of symptoms in men and insufficiently sensitive diagnostic tests. The recent introduction of DNA amplification, however, indicates that the incidence of trichomoniasis in men is much higher than was previously thought.TreatmentThe usual treatment is a single large dose of metronidazole, or split doses over the course of a week. Sexual partners of an infected individual must all be treated, to prevent the infection being passed back and forth.Women who are taking antibiotics for other illnesses should speak to their health care provider about the possibile effects of the medication(s) on the balance of organisms in their vagina.As of late 2003, the number of cases of metronidazole-resistant trichomoniasis appears to be increasing rapidly. Some success has been reported with the broad-spectrum anti-parasitic drug nitazoxanide, but further research needs to be done. A group of researchers in Thailand is currently investigating the effectiveness of a group of drugs known as bisquaternary quinolinium salt compounds in treating trichomoniasis.Key termsMetronidazole — An anti-infective agent regarded as the best available drug for treating trichomoniasis. It is sold under the trade names Flagyl and MetroGel.Protozoan — A one-celled organism belonging to the simplest phylum of the animal kingdom. Trichomoniasis is caused by a protozoan.Urethritis — Inflammation of the urethra, which is the canal that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.Alternative treatmentCure of trichomoniasis may be difficult to achieve with alternative treatments. Some practitioners suggest eliminating sweets and carbohydrates from the diet and supplementing with antioxidants, including vitamins A, C, and E, and zinc. Naturopaths may recommend treatment with two douches (a wash used inside the vagina), alternating one in the morning and one at bedtime. One douche contains the herbs calendula (Calendula officinalis), goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis), and echinacea (Echinacea spp.); the other douche contains plain yogurt. The herbal douche helps to kill the protozoa, while the yogurt reestablishes healthy flora in the vagina. Another herbal remedy that is sometimes used is tea tree oil. Acidifying the vagina by douching with boric acid or vinegar may also be useful.PrognosisPrognosis is excellent with appropriate treatment of the patient and all sexual partners. Without treatment, the infection can smolder on for a very long time, and can be passed to all sexual partners.PreventionAll sexually transmitted diseases can be prevented by using adequate protection during sexual intercourse. Effective forms of protection include male and female condoms.ResourcesBooksPelletier, Kenneth R., MD. The Best Alternative Medicine, Part II, "CAM Therapies for Specific Conditions: Vaginitis." New York: Simon & Schuster, 2002.PeriodicalsChavalitshewinkoon-Petmitr, P., M. Ramdja, S. Kajorndechakiat, et al. "In vitro Susceptibility of Trichomonas vaginalis to AT-Specific Minor Groove Binding Drugs" Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 52 (August 2003): 287-289.Ching, Susanne, and Phuong H. Nguyen. "Vaginitis." eMedicine April 5, 2002. http://emedicine.com/med/topic2358.htm.Dunne, R. L., L. A. Dunn, P. Upcroft, et al. "Drug Resistance in the Sexually Transmitted Protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis." Cell Research 13 (August 2003): 239-249.Pirotta, M. V., J. M. Gunn, and P. Chondros. "'Not Thrush Again!' Women's Experience of Post-Antibiotic Vulvovaginitis." Medical Journal of Australia 179 (July 7, 2003): 47-49.Schwebke, J. R., and E. W. Hook, 3rd. "High Rates of Trichomonas vaginalis Among Men Attending a Sexually Transmitted Diseases Clinic: Implications for Screening and Urethritis Management." Journal of Infectious Diseases 188 (August 1, 2003): 465-468.OtherCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). "Fact Sheet: Trichomonas Infection." http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dpd/parasites/trichomonas/factsht_trichomonas.htm.trichomoniasis [trik″o-mo-ni´ah-sis] a sexually transmitted disease caused by Trichomonas vaginalis. In females, vaginal or urethral infections may be asymptomatic or may produce itching or burning, dysuria, and green, yellow, or white vaginal or urethral discharge. Males can be asymptomatic carriers or they can develop urethritis, enlargement of the prostate, and epididymitis from the infection. Trichomonacides such as metronidazole (Flagyl) are used in treatment. Both symptomatic patients and their sexual partners must be treated to avoid reinfection.trich·o·mo·ni·a·sis (trik'ō-mō-nī'ă-sis), Disease caused by infection with a species of protozoon of the genus Trichomonas or related genera.trichomoniasis (trĭk′ə-mə-nī′ə-sĭs)n. pl. trichomonia·ses (-sēz′) 1. A vaginal infection caused by a trichomonad (Trichomonas vaginalis) and marked by vaginal discharge and itching.2. An infection caused by trichomonads, as a disease of cattle that commonly results in infertility or abortion in infected cows.trichomoniasis STD A urogenital infection by Trichomonas vaginalis transmitted through sexual contact but also contact with contaminated surfaces–eg, wet wash cloths, toilet seats; ♂ only contract it from infected ♀ Clinical In ♂, infection is usually banal, and clears spontaneously; some ♂ experience urethral itching or discharge, burning after urination or ejaculation, or develop prostatitis or epididymitis; ♀ have voluminous fizzy, stinky, purulent, and generally nasty vaginal discharge, itching on labia and inner thighs and labial swelling; over half ♀ with gonorrhea also have trichomonas Diagnosis Pap smear, culture Management Metronidazole, econazole, tinidazole. See Sexually transmitted disease. trich·o·mo·ni·a·sis (trik'ō-mō-nī'ă-sis) Disease caused by infection with a protozoan of the genus Trichomonas; often used to designate trichomoniasis vaginitis. trichomoniasis Infection with the single-celled, flagellated PROTOZOON Trichomonas vaginalis , most commonly in the vagina but sometimes in the URETHRA or the PROSTATE gland in men. Trichomoniasis causes irritation, burning and itching and a frothy, yellowish, offensive discharge. Treatment is with the drug metronidazole (Flagyl). Both partners must be treated.trichomoniasisenUK
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