paratyphoid

enUK

paratyphoid:

see salmonellosissalmonellosis
, any of a group of infectious diseases caused by intestinal bacteria of the genus Salmonella, including typhoid fever, paratyphoid fever, blood poisoning, and food poisoning (gastroenteritis).

Typhoid fever, caused by S.
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Paratyphoid

any one of several intestinal infections caused by microorganisms of the genus Salmonella. A distinction is made between paratyphoids A and B, which are similar in etiology, epidemiology, and clinical symptoms to typhoid, and paratyphoid C, which usually occurs as a food poisoning.

Paratyphoid C occurs rarely, generally in persons weakened by other infections or by chronic disease. The sources of infection are cattle, swine, and other animals, and man becomes infected by eating insufficiently cooked meat of diseased animals.

In paratyphoids A and B the source of infection is a human being, either infected or a carrier. The carrier state results more often after a case of paratyphoid than after typhoid, but it is usually of shorter duration. The bacteria are excreted with feces and urine. They are stable in the external environment, surviving up to ten days in milk at 18° to 20°C and several months in soil. The factors involved in transmission of the infection are water, food, flies, and infected articles.

The incubation period ranges from three days to two weeks. Paratyphoids differ from typhoid in having a more acute onset, comparatively mild course, and shorter duration of illness. The main symptoms are chills, nausea, vomiting, headache, fever of about 39°C, and, frequently, diarrhea.

Laboratory studies for an accurate diagnosis include, in the first few days of the disease, isolation of the causative agent from blood and later from urine and bile and subsequent serological tests. Prevention and treatment are the same as for typhoid.

REFERENCE

Obshchaia i chastnaia epidemiologiia: Rukovodstvo dlia vrachei, vol. 1. Edited by I. I. Elkin. Moscow, 1973.

V. L. VASILEVSKII

paratyphoid

enUK

paratyphoid

[par″ah-ti´foid] 1. resembling typhoid fever.2. paratyphoid fever.paratyphoid fever infection caused by Salmonella of all groups except S. typhosa. The disease is usually milder than typhoid fever" >typhoid fever and has a shorter incubation period, more abrupt onset, and a lower mortality rate. Clinically and pathologically, however, the two diseases cannot be distinguished.

par·a·ty·phoid fe·ver

an acute infectious disease with symptoms and lesions resembling those of typhoid fever, although milder in character; associated with the presence of the paratyphoid organism of which at least three varieties (types A, B, and C) have been described. Synonym(s): paratyphoid

par·a·ty·phoid fe·ver

, paratyphoid (par'ă-tī'foyd fē'vĕr) An acute infectious disease with symptoms and lesions resembling those of typhoid fever, although milder in character; associated with the presence of the paratyphoid organism, of which at least three varieties (types A, B, and C) have been described.

par·a·ty·phoid fe·ver

, paratyphoid (par'ă-tī'foyd fē'vĕr) Acute infectious disease with symptoms and lesions resembling those of typhoid fever, although milder in character.

paratyphoid

paratyphoid

par•a•ty•phoid

paratyphoid

paratyphoid:

Paratyphoid

REFERENCE

paratyphoid

paratyphoid

par·a·ty·phoid fe·ver

par·a·ty·phoid fe·ver

par·a·ty·phoid fe·ver

paratyphoid

Synonyms for paratyphoid

noun any of a variety of infectious intestinal diseases resembling typhoid fever

Synonyms

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