| 释义 |
sprue
sprue 1 S0675450 (spro͞o)n. A chronic, chiefly tropical disease characterized by diarrhea, emaciation, and anemia, caused by defective absorption of nutrients from the intestinal tract.
[Dutch spruw, from Middle Dutch sprouwe.]
sprue 2 S0675450 (spro͞o)n.1. The hole through which molten material is channeled into a mold.2. The waste material filling or protruding from this hole after hardening.3. The usually plastic rod or framework that secures molded objects, such as model parts or game pieces, before their first use.
[Perhaps of Scots origin.]sprue (spruː) n1. (Metallurgy) a vertical channel in a mould through which plastic or molten metal is introduced or out of which it flows when the mould is filled2. (Metallurgy) plastic or metal that solidifies in a sprue[C19: of unknown origin]
sprue (spruː) n (Pathology) a chronic disease, esp of tropical climates, characterized by flatulence, diarrhoea, frothy foul-smelling stools, and emaciation[C19: from Dutch spruw; related to Middle Low German sprüwe tumour]
sprue (spruː) n (Cookery) dialect East London an inferior type of asparagus[C19: of unknown origin]sprue1 (spru)
n. a. an opening through which molten metal is poured into a mold. b. the waste metal left in this opening after casting. [1820–30; orig. uncertain] sprue2 (spru)
n. a chronic tropical disease of intestinal malabsorption characterized by ulceration, diarrhea, and a smooth tongue. [1815–25; < Dutch spruw, c. Middle Low German sprūwe tumor] Thesaurus| Noun | 1. | sprue - a chronic disorder that occurs in tropical and non-tropical forms and in both children and adults; nutrients are not absorbed; symptoms include foul-smelling diarrhea and emaciationpsilosis, tropical spruedisorder, upset - a physical condition in which there is a disturbance of normal functioning; "the doctor prescribed some medicine for the disorder"; "everyone gets stomach upsets from time to time" |
Translationssprue
sprue, chronic disorder of the small intestine caused by impaired absorption of fat and other nutrients. Two forms of the disease exist. Tropical sprue occurs in central and northern South America, Asia, Africa, and other specific locations. No cause has been identified, but suggested causes include infection, parasitic infestation, vitamin deficiency, and food toxin. Tropical sprue responds to antibiotic and folic acid therapy. Nontropical sprue, also called celiac disease, is primarily an autoimmune disease of young children and usually begins between the ages of 6 and 18 months, but it also can be triggered in susceptible adults. It is a hereditary congenital disorder caused by a sensitivity to the gliadin fraction of gluten, a cereal protein, but it appears to require an immunological trigger. The presence of gluten in the diet causes the immune system to attack the villi in the small intestineI,
9th letter of the alphabet. This vowel can be pronounced with a short vowel sound, as the ĭ in sit, or with a long vowel sound, like the ī in ride. The Greek correspondent is iota. J is a formal development from I.
..... Click the link for more information. , interfering with the absorption of nutrients. Nontropical sprue can be fatal, particularly if growth abnormalities are ignored or unrecognized. It is not known if scrupulous adherence to a gluten-free diet in this disease decreases the likelihood of intestinal lymphoma, but the deletion of gluten from the diet and the intake of vitamin, mineral, and hematinic supplements facilitate remission. Steroid treatments are often used if a gluten-free diet is ineffective; if steroid treatment is ineffective the prognosis is not good. The symptoms of both types of sprue are generally the same: diarrhea with bulky, frothy, foul-smelling stools containing large amounts of fatty acids and soaps, and later weight loss, anemia, and other symptoms related to malabsorption of vitamins. X-ray examination of the small intestine revealing dilation, segmentation, and other typical changes is used in diagnosis. Sprue a chronic disease of man that affects the bone marrow and the mucous membranes of the tongue, stomach, and intestines. Sprue’s etiology is unknown, but it is suspected that a deficiency of the B-complex vitamins plays a special role. The disease is manifested by persistent diarrhea, anemia, progressive emaciation, and damage to the peripheral nervous system. Sprue occurs primarily in countries with hot climates. In the USSR it occurs in Middle Asia and Transcaucasia. Treatment includes the observance of a protein and fat diet rich in the B-complex vitamins and the use of astringents; change of climate is also recommended. sprue[sprü] (engineering) A feed opening or vertical channel through which molten material, such as metal or plastic, is poured in an injection or transfer mold. A slug of material that solidifies in the channel. (medicine) A syndrome characterized by impaired absorption of food, water, and minerals by the small intestine; symptoms are the result of nutritional deficiencies. sprue
sprue [sproo] a chronic form of malabsorption syndrome" >malabsorption syndrome occurring in both tropical and nontropical forms.celiac sprue (nontropical sprue) celiac disease.tropical sprue a chronic disease affecting the digestive system, marked by imperfect absorption of food elements, especially fat, xylose, and vitamin B12, from the small intestine. It is closely related to celiac disease and may be identical to it.
The name sprue derives from a Dutch word describing inflammation of the mouth, which is a frequent symptom. The disease has been recognized for more than 2000 years. It occurs mostly, but not exclusively, in the tropics.Symptoms and Treatment. Symptoms are loss of appetite, flatulence, anemia, diarrhea, stomach cramps, and extreme loss of weight. Stools are usually pale, greasy, unformed, and foul-smelling, but at times become watery. If a deficiency of vitamin B complex is also present, cracks develop at the corners of the mouth and the tongue becomes smooth, glossy, and bright red.
Treatment consists of a special diet of foods that are low in fat and high in protein. Diets free of gluten, a viscid grain protein, may be prescribed. Liver preparations, folic acid, calcium lactate tablets, vitamin B12, and iron supplements to provide food elements that are not absorbed, as well as skim milk and ripe bananas, have produced favorable results. Antibiotics have proved temporarily successful, but their prolonged use is not recommended.
Cases of sprue that are recognized early respond better to treatment than do cases of long standing. Appetite and weight return rapidly. The time required for complete recovery is prolonged, however, especially in extreme cases.sprue (sprū), 1. Primary intestinal malabsorption with steatorrhea. Synonym(s): cachexia aphthosa2. In dentistry, wax or metal used to form the aperture(s) for molten metal to flow into a mold to make a casting; also, the metal that later fills the sprue hole(s). [D. spruw] sprue (spro͞o)n. A chronic, chiefly tropical disease characterized by diarrhea, emaciation, and anemia, caused by defective absorption of nutrients from the intestinal tract.sprue (sprū) 1. Primary intestinal malabsorption with steatorrhea. 2. dentistry Wax or metal used to form the aperture(s) through which molten metal flows into a mold to make a casting; also, the metal that later fills the sprue hole(s). [D. spruw]sprue A disorder in which nutrients are poorly absorbed from the intestine. See also MALABSORPTION.SprueA disorder of impaired absorption of nutrients from the diet by the small intestine (malabsorption), resulting in malnutrition. Two forms of sprue exist: tropical sprue, which occurs mainly in tropical regions; and celiac sprue, which occurs more widely and is due to sensitivity to the wheat protein gluten.Mentioned in: Small Intestine Biopsysprue (sprū) In dentistry, wax or metal used to form aperture(s) for molten metal to flow into a mold to make a casting; also, metal that later fills sprue hole(s). [D. spruw]sprue
Related to sprue: celiac disease, Celiac sprue, sprue syndrome, Coeliac sprueSynonyms for spruenoun a chronic disorder that occurs in tropical and non-tropical forms and in both children and adultsSynonymsRelated Words |