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单词 appropriation
释义

appropriation


ap·pro·pri·a·tion

A0384300 (ə-prō′prē-ā′shən)n.1. The act of appropriating.2. a. Something appropriated, especially public funds set aside for a specific purpose.b. A legislative act authorizing the expenditure of a designated amount of public funds for a specific purpose.

appropriation

(əˌprəʊprɪˈeɪʃən) n1. the act of setting apart or taking for one's own use2. (Banking & Finance) a sum of money set apart for a specific purpose, esp by a legislature

ap•pro•pri•a•tion

(əˌproʊ priˈeɪ ʃən)

n. 1. the act of appropriating. 2. anything appropriated for a special purpose, esp. money authorized to be paid from a public treasury. [1325–75; Middle English (< Middle French) < Late Latin]
Thesaurus
Noun1.appropriation - money set aside (as by a legislature) for a specific purposelaw-makers, legislative assembly, legislative body, legislature, general assembly - persons who make or amend or repeal lawspork barrel, pork - a legislative appropriation designed to ingratiate legislators with their constituentsmoney - the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender; "we tried to collect the money he owed us"
2.appropriation - incorporation by joining or unitingappropriation - incorporation by joining or unitingannexationincorporation - including by incorporating
3.appropriation - a deliberate act of acquisition of something, often without the permission of the owner; "the necessary funds were obtained by the government's appropriation of the company's operating unit"; "a person's appropriation of property belonging to another is dishonest"acquiring, getting - the act of acquiring something; "I envied his talent for acquiring"; "he's much more interested in the getting than in the giving"borrowing, adoption - the appropriation (of ideas or words etc) from another source; "the borrowing of ancient motifs was very apparent"preemption, pre-emption - a prior appropriation of something; "the preemption of bandwidth by commercial interests"seizure - the taking possession of something by legal processrequisition, sequestration - seizing property that belongs to someone else and holding it until profits pay the demand for which it was seized

appropriation

noun1. setting aside, assignment, allocation, earmarking, allotment, apportionment The government raised defence appropriations by 12 per cent.2. seizure, taking, takeover, assumption, annexation, confiscation, commandeering, expropriation, pre-emption, usurpation, impoundment, arrogation fraud and illegal appropriation of land

appropriation

noun1. Something, as a gift, granted for a definite purpose:grant, subsidy, subvention.2. The act of taking something for oneself:arrogation, assumption, preemption, seizure, usurpation.
Translations
stanziamentoappropriazione

Appropriation


Related to Appropriation: budget appropriation

Appropriation

The designation by the government or an individual of the use to which a fund of money is to be applied. The selection and setting apart of privately owned land by the government for public use, such as a military reservation or public building. The diversion of water flowing on public domain from its natural course by means of a canal or ditch for a private beneficial use of the appropriator.

An appropriation bill is a proposal placed before the legislative branch of the government by one or a group of its members to earmark a particular portion of general revenue or treasury funds for use for a governmental objective. Federal appropriation bills can originate only in the House of Representatives as mandated by Article I, Section 7 of the Constitution. Once an appropriation law is enacted, a definite amount of money is set aside so that public officials can pay incurred or anticipated expenditures. When a law authorizes funds to be used for a particular purpose, it is known as a specific appropriation.

The appropriation of money by an individual occurs within the context of a debtor-creditor relationship. If a creditor is owed two separate debts by the same debtor who makes a payment without specifying the debt to which it is to be applied, the creditor can appropriate the payment to either debt.

Appropriation also refers to the physical taking and occupation of property by the government or its actual, substantial interference with the owner's right to use the land according to personal wishes by virtue of the government's power of Eminent Domain.

This right of an individual to use water that belongs to the public is embodied in the prior appropriation doctrine applied in arid western states where water supplies are not available in sufficient quantity to all who might need them. An individual landowner who first diverts water for personal benefit is entitled to its continued use as long as there is a reasonable need and the water is actually used.

Cross-references

Federal Budget; Water Rights.

APPROPRIATION, contracts. The application of the payment of a sum of money,made by a debtor to his creditor, to one of several debts.
2. When a voluntary payment is made, the law permits the debtor in thefirst place, or, if he make no choice, then it allows the creditor to makean appropriation of such payment to either of several debts which are due bythe debtor to the creditor. And if neither make an appropriation, then thelaw makes the application of such payment. This rule does not apply topayments made under compulsory process of law. 10 Pick. 129. It will beproper to consider, 1, when the debtor may make the appropriation; 2, whenthe creditor may make it; 3, when it will be made by law.
3.-1. In general the appropriation may be made by the debtor, butthis must be done by his express declaration, or by circumstances from whichhis intentions can be inferred. 2 C. M. & R. 723; 14 East, 239; 1 Tyrw. &Gr. 137; 15 Wend. 19; 5 Taunt. 7 Wheat. 13; 2 Ear. & Gill, 159; S. C. 4 Gill& Johns. 361; 1 Bibb, 334; 5 Watts, 544; 12 Pick. 463; 20 Pick. 441; 2Bailey, 617; 4 Mass. 692; 17 Mass. 575. This appropriation, it seems, mustbe notified to the creditor at the time; for an entry made by the debtor inhis own books, is not alone sufficient to determine the application of thepayment. 2 Vern. 606; 4 B. & C. 715. In some cases, in consequence of thecircumstances, the presumption will be that the payment was made on accountof one debt, in preference to another. 3 Caines, 14; 2 Stark. R. 101. And insome cases the debtor has no right to make the appropriation, as, forexample, to apply 4 partial payment to the liquidation of the principal,when interest is due. 1 Dall. 124; 1 H. & J. 754; 2 N. & M'C. 395; 1 Pick.194; 17 Mass. 417.
4.-2. When the debtor has neglected to make an appropriation, thecreditor may, in general, make it, but this is subject to some exceptions.If, for example, the debtor owes a debt as executor, and one in his ownright, the creditor cannot appropriate a payment to the liquidation of theformer, because that may depend on the question of assets. 2 Str. 1194. See1 M. & Malk. 40; 9 Cowen, 409; 2 Stark. R. 74; 1 C. & Mees. 33.
5. Though it is not clearly settled in England whether a creditor isbound to make the appropriation immediately, or at a subsequent time Ellison D. and C. 406-408 yet in the United States, the right to make theapplication at any time has been recognized, and the creditor is not boundto make an immediate election. 4 Cranch, 317; 9 Cowen, 420, 436. See 12 S. &R. 301 2 B. & C. 65; 2 Verm. 283; 10 Conn. 176.
6. When once made, the appropriation cannot be changed; and, renderingan account, or bringing suit and declaring in a particular way, is evidenceof such appropriation. 1 Wash. 128 3 Green. 314; 12

APPROPRIATION, contracts. The application of the payment of a sum of money,made by a debtor to his creditor, to one of several debts.
2. When a voluntary payment is made, the law permits the debtor in thefirst place, or, if he make no choice, then it allows the creditor to makean appropriation of such payment to either of several debts which are due bythe debtor to the creditor. And if neither make an appropriation, then thelaw makes the application of such payment. This rule does not apply topayments made under compulsory process of law. 10 Pick. 129. It will beproper to consider, 1, when the debtor may make the appropriation; 2, whenthe creditor may make it; 3, when it will be made by law.
3.-1. In general the appropriation may be made by the debtor, but thismust be done by his express declaration, or by circumstances from which hisintentions can be inferred. 2 C. M. & R. 723; 14 East, 239; 1 Tyrw. & Gr.137; 15 Wend. 19; 5 Taunt. 7 Wheat. 13; 2 Ear. & Gill, 159; S. C. 4 Gill &Johns. 361; 1 Bibb, 334; 5 Watts, 544; 12 Pick. 463; 20 Pick. 441; 2 Bailey,617; 4 Mass. 692; 17 Mass. 575. This appropriation, it seems, must benotified to the creditor at the time; for an entry made by the debtor in hisown books, is not alone sufficient to determine the application of thepayment. 2 Vern. 606; 4 B. & C. 715. In some cases, in consequence of thecircumstances, the presumption will be that the payment was made on accountof one debt, in preference to another. 3 Caines, 14; 2 Stark. R. 101. And insome cases the debtor has no right to make the appropriation, as, forexample, to apply 4 partial payment to the liquidation of the principal,when interest is due. 1 Dall. 124; 1 H. & J. 754; 2 N. & M'C. 395; 1 Pick.194; 17 Mass. 417.
4.-2. When the debtor has neglected to make an appropriation, thecreditor may, in general, make it, but this is subject to some exceptions.If, for example, the debtor owes a debt as executor, and one in his ownright, the creditor cannot appropriate a payment to the liquidation of theformer, because that may depend on the question of assets. 2 Str. 1194. See1 M. & Malk. 40; 9 Cowen, 409; 2 Stark. R. 74; 1 C. & Mees. 33.
5. Though it is not clearly settled in England whether a creditor isbound to make the appropriation immediately, or at a subsequent time Ellison D. and C. 406-408 yet in the United States, the right to make theapplication at any time has been recognized, and the creditor is not boundto make an immediate election. 4 Cranch, 317; 9 Cowen, 420, 436. See 12 S. &R. 301 2 B. & C. 65; 2 Verm. 283; 10 Conn. 176.
6. When once made, the appropriation cannot be changed; and, renderingan account, or bringing suit and declaring in a particular way, is evidenceof such appropriation. 1 Wash. 128 3 Green. 314; 12 Shepl. 29; 2 N. H. Rep.193; 2 Rawle, 316; 5 Watts, 544; 2 Wash. C. C. 47; 1 Gilp. 106; 12 S. & R.305.
7. When no application of the payment has been made by either party,the law will appropriate it, in such a way as to do justice and equity toboth parties. 6 Cranch, 8, 28; 4 Mason, 333; 2 Sumn. 99, 112; 5 Mason, 82; 1Nev. & Man. 746; 5 Bligh, N. S. 1; 11 Mass. 300;1 H. & J. 754; 2 Vern. 24; 1Bibb. 334; 2 Dea. & Chit. 534; 5 Mason, 11. See 6 Cranch, 253, 264; 7Cranch, 575; 1 Mer. 572, 605; Burge on Sur. 126-138; 1 M. & M. 40. See 1Bouv Inst. n. 8314. 8. In Louisiana, by statutory enactment, Civ. Code,art. 1159, et seq., it is provided that the debtor of several debts has aright to declare, when he makes a payment, what debt he means to discharge.The debtor of a debt which bears interest or produces rents, cannot, withoutthe consent of the creditor, impute to the reduction of the capital, anypayment he may make, when there is interest or rent due. When the debtor ofseveral debts has accepted a receipt, by which the creditor has imputed whathe has received to one of the debts especially, the debtor can no longerrequire the imputation to be made to a different debt, unless there havebeen fraud or surprise on the part of the creditor. When the receipt bearsno imputation, the payment must be imputed to the debt which the debtor hadat the time most interest in discharging of those that are equally due,otherwise to the debt which has fallen due, though less burdensome thanthose which are not yet payable. If the debts be of a like nature, theimputation is made to the less burdensome; if all things are equal, it ismade proportionally." This is a translation of the Codo Napoleon, art. 1253-1256 slightly altered. See Poth. Obl. n. 528 translated by Evans, and thenotes; Bac. Ab. Obligations, F; 6 Watts & Amer. Law Mag. 31; 1 Hare & Wall.Sel. Dec. 123-158.

APPROPRIATION, eccl. law. The setting apart an ecclesiastical benefice,which is the general property of the church, to the perpetual and proper useof some religious house, bishop or college, dean and chapter and the like.Ayl. Pat. 86. See the form of an appropriation in Jacob's Introd. 411.

appropriation


Appropriation

An assignment of money to a department, project or something else. For example, a government may appropriate a certain amount of money to its defense department to fund the department's operations for a year.

appropriation

(1) Taking private land for public use,as by condemnation. (2) Taking public property for private use,such as using water from a navigable river for irrigation purposes. (3) Legislatively designating government funds for a project.

See FAA Airport Planning and Programming Office
See APPROP

appropriation


Related to appropriation: budget appropriation
  • noun

Synonyms for appropriation

noun setting aside

Synonyms

  • setting aside
  • assignment
  • allocation
  • earmarking
  • allotment
  • apportionment

noun seizure

Synonyms

  • seizure
  • taking
  • takeover
  • assumption
  • annexation
  • confiscation
  • commandeering
  • expropriation
  • pre-emption
  • usurpation
  • impoundment
  • arrogation

Synonyms for appropriation

noun something, as a gift, granted for a definite purpose

Synonyms

  • grant
  • subsidy
  • subvention

noun the act of taking something for oneself

Synonyms

  • arrogation
  • assumption
  • preemption
  • seizure
  • usurpation

Synonyms for appropriation

noun money set aside (as by a legislature) for a specific purpose

Related Words

  • law-makers
  • legislative assembly
  • legislative body
  • legislature
  • general assembly
  • pork barrel
  • pork
  • money

noun incorporation by joining or uniting

Synonyms

  • annexation

Related Words

  • incorporation

noun a deliberate act of acquisition of something, often without the permission of the owner

Related Words

  • acquiring
  • getting
  • borrowing
  • adoption
  • preemption
  • pre-emption
  • seizure
  • requisition
  • sequestration
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