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单词 abkhaz
释义

Abkhaz

enUS

Ab·khaz

(ăb-kăz′, äb-käz′) also Ab·kha·zian (ăb-kā′zhən, -zē-ən, -kä′-, äb-)n. pl. Abkhaz or Ab·khaz·es also Ab·kha·zians 1. a. A native or inhabitant of Abkhazia.b. A member of the predominant, traditionally Muslim or Orthodox Christian ethnic group of Abkhazia.2. The Northwest Caucasian language of Abkhazia, also spoken in Georgia and Turkey.
[Russian.]
Ab·kha′zian adj.

Abkhaz

(æbˈkɑːz) npl -khaz1. (Peoples) Also called: Abkhazi or Abkhazian a member of a Georgian people living east of the Black Sea2. (Languages) the language of this people, belonging to the North-West Caucasian family
Thesaurus
Noun1.Abkhaz - a member of the Circassian people who live to the east of the Black SeaAbkhas, Abkhasian, AbkhazianAbkhazia, Abkhaz - an autonomous province of Georgia on the Black Sea; a strong independence movement has resulted in much instabilityCircassian - a member of the Sunni Muslim people living in northwestern Caucasia
2.Abkhaz - an autonomous province of Georgia on the Black SeaAbkhaz - an autonomous province of Georgia on the Black Sea; a strong independence movement has resulted in much instabilityAbkhaziaAbkhas, Abkhaz - Circassian people living east of the Black SeaSakartvelo, Georgia - a republic in Asia Minor on the Black Sea separated from Russia by the Caucasus mountains; formerly an Asian soviet but became independent in 1991Abkhas, Abkhasian, Abkhaz, Abkhazian - a member of the Circassian people who live to the east of the Black Sea
3.Abkhaz - Circassian people living east of the Black SeaAbkhasAbkhazia, Abkhaz - an autonomous province of Georgia on the Black Sea; a strong independence movement has resulted in much instability
Adj.1.Abkhaz - of or relating to Abkazia or its people or their languageAbkhazian
Translations

Abkhaz

enUS

Abkhaz

 

one of the Caucasian (Iberio-Caucasian) languages which has recently become a written language and which is included in the Abkhazo-Adyg group. This language is spoken predominantly in the Abkhazian ASSR (about 65,000 speakers) and in Turkey. It is represented by two dialects—the Abzhui dialect, on which the literary language is based, and the Bzyb’ dialect. The phonetics of the Abkhaz language is characterized by a meager vocalic system (the phonemes /a/ and /a/ with broad phonetic variation) and a rich consonantal system (58 phonemes in the literary language and 65 phonemes in the Bzyb’ dialect). Stress is phonologically significant.

By morphological type, the Abkhaz language is agglutinative, with a highly developed prefix structure. Elements of polysynthesism are much in evidence. The simplicity of the noun morphology contrasts with the complexity of the verbal morphology. There are several categories common to nouns and verbs (the categories of humans and things, number, and possessiveness; common particles). There are no declensions. Postpositions are used instead of prepositions. The verbs are divided into transitive and intransitive, static and dynamic. Among the verbal categories are person (polypersonal conjugation), number version potentiality, reciprocity, conjunctivity, causitive, tense, mood, and so forth. There is a complex system of preverbs. Infinite and verbal adverb constructions functioning as subordinate clauses are widely used. Compounding of words plays an important role in the formation of words. The vocabulary exhibits Turkisms, Georgianisms, and Russianisms. The Latin script adopted in 1928 was converted in 1938 to a Georgian script and in 1954 to a Russian script.

REFERENCES

Uslar, P. K. Etnografiia Kavkaza: Iazykoznanie. Vol. 1: Abkhazskii iazyk. Tiflis, 1887.
Marr, N. Ia. Abkhazsko-russkii slovar’. Leningrad, 1926.
Bgazhba, Kh. S. Bzybskii dialekt abkhazskogo iazyka. Tbilisi, 1964.
Lomtatidze, K. V. “Abkhazskii iazyk.” In Iazyki narodov SSSR. Vol. 4: Iberiisko-kavkazskie iazyki. Moscow, 1967.
Grammatika abkhazskogo iazyka. Sukhumi, 1968.

G. A. KLIMOV

Abkhaz

enUS
Related to Abkhaz: Abkhaz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
  • all
  • noun
  • adj

Synonyms for Abkhaz

noun a member of the Circassian people who live to the east of the Black Sea

Synonyms

  • Abkhas
  • Abkhasian
  • Abkhazian

Related Words

  • Abkhazia
  • Abkhaz
  • Circassian

noun an autonomous province of Georgia on the Black Sea

Synonyms

  • Abkhazia

Related Words

  • Abkhas
  • Abkhaz
  • Sakartvelo
  • Georgia
  • Abkhasian
  • Abkhazian

noun Circassian people living east of the Black Sea

Synonyms

  • Abkhas

Related Words

  • Abkhazia
  • Abkhaz

adj of or relating to Abkazia or its people or their language

Synonyms

  • Abkhazian
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