Topographic Anatomy

topographic anatomy

[¦täp·ə¦graf·ik ə′nad·ə·mē] (anatomy) The use of bony and soft tissue landmarks on the surface of the body to indicate the known location of deeper structures.

Anatomy, Topographic

the study of the relative positions of the body’s organs and systems under both normal and pathological conditions and as a factor of age, sex, and constitutional differences. Topographic anatomical data form the basis for rational operative access to individual organs.

In the USSR, topographic anatomy and operative surgery together constitute an independent area of instruction—a theoretical medical discipline preparatory to clinical surgery. In addition to generally used methods, topographic anatomy includes the use of frozen or otherwise fixed cadaver sections and roentgenology. As a scientific discipline, topographic anatomy is based on the works of N. I. Pirogov and of such earlier anatomists as I. V. Bui-al’skii. Other anatomists and surgeons who subsequently contributed to this field in Russia and the USSR included A. A. Bobrov, P. I. D’iakonov, V. N. Shevkunenko, S. I. Spasokukotskii, A. V. Martynov, A. V. Vishnevskii, B. V. Petrovskii, V. V. Kovanov, Iu. M. Lopukhin, and B. V. Ognev. In other countries, research and instruction in topographic anatomy fall within the departmental scope of surgery.

REFERENCES

Pirogov, N. I. Khirurgicheskaia anatomiia arterial’nykh stvolov i fastsii, nos. 1–5. St. Petersburg, 1881–82. (Translated from German.)
Lektsii topograficheskoi anatomii i operativnoi khirurgii, 2nd ed. Moscow, 1908.
Kratkii kurs operativnoi khirurgii s topograficheskoi anatomiei. [Leningrad] 1951.
Ognev, B. V., and V. Kh. Frauchi. Topograficheskaia i klinicheskaia anatomiia. Moscow, 1960.
Uderman, Sh. I. Izbrannye ocherki istorii otechestvennoi khirurgii XIX stoletiia. Leningrad, 1970.
Ostroverkhov, G. E., D. N. Lubotskii, and Iu. M. Bomash. Operativnaia khirurgiia i topograficheskaia anatomiia, 3rd ed. Moscow, 1972.

A. V. KRAEV

topographic anatomy

anatomy

[ah-nat´o-me] the science dealing with the form and structure of living organisms.

Examples of specialty areas of anatomy and physiology. From Applegate, 2000. clinical anatomy anatomy as applied to clinical practice.comparative anatomy description and comparison of the form and structure of different animals.developmental anatomy the field of embryology concerned with the changes that cells, tissues, organs, and the body as a whole undergo from a germ cell of each parent to the resulting offspring; it includes both prenatal and postnatal development.gross anatomy (macroscopic anatomy) that dealing with structures visible with the unaided eye.microscopic anatomy histology.morbid anatomy (pathologic anatomy) anatomy of diseased tissues.radiologic anatomy x-ray anatomy.special anatomy anatomy devoted to study of particular organs or parts.topographic anatomy that devoted to determination of relative positions of various body parts.x-ray anatomy study of organs and tissues based on their visualization by x-rays in both living and dead bodies.

re·gion·al a·nat·o·my

an approach to anatomic study based on regions, parts, or divisions of the body (for example, the foot or the inguinal region), emphasizing the relationships of various systemic structures (for example, muscles, nerves, and arteries) within that area; distinguished from systemic anatomy. Synonym(s): topographic anatomy, topology (1)

topographic anatomy

Topographic Anatomy