| 释义 |
trench fever
trench fevern. An acute infectious disease characterized by chills and fever, caused by the bacterium Bartonella quintana and transmitted by body lice.
[From its occurrence among soldiers in trenches.]trench fever n (Pathology) an acute infectious disease characterized by fever and muscular aches and pains, caused by the microorganism Rickettsia quintana and transmitted by the bite of a body louse trench′ fe`ver
n. a recurrent fever and pain in the muscles and joints caused by a rickettsia transmitted by the body louse. [1915–20] Thesaurus| Noun | 1. |  trench fever - marked by pain in muscles and joints and transmitted by licerickettsial disease, rickettsiosis - infectious disease caused by ticks or mites or body lice infected with rickettsial bacteria |
trench fever
trench fever: see rickettsiarickettsia
, any of an order (Rickettsiales) of very small microorganisms, many disease-causing, that live in vertebrates and are transmitted by bloodsucking parasitic arthropods such as fleas, lice (see louse), and ticks.
..... Click the link for more information. .Trench Fever (Wolhynian fever, five-day fever), an epidemic disease belonging to the rickettsioses. It was first described by the German scientists H. Werner and H. His in 1916. It is transmitted by lice. Major epidemics of trench fever broke out among the troops during World War I (1914-18) on the Western and Eastern fronts (especially in Volyn’ [Wolhynia] Province; hence the name), in the Balkans, and in Syria and Mesopotamia. trench fever[′trench ‚fē·vər] (medicine) A louse-borne infection that is caused by Rickettsia quintana and is characterized by headache, chills, rash, pain in the legs and back, and often by a relapsing fever. trench fever
Trench Fever DefinitionTrench fever is a bacterial infection that causes repeated cycles of high fever.DescriptionThe term trench fever refers to the crowded conditions in which troops fought in during World War I and World War II. Because the causative bacteria are passed among humans through contact with body lice, overcrowding, and conditions which interfere with good hygiene (including regular washing of clothing) soldiers were predispose to this disease. Currently, homeless people in the United States are sometimes diagnosed with this illness. The bacteria are sometimes passed through the bite of an infected tick. This can cause the illness in people who participate in outdoor activity and encounter ticks in that particular area.Causes and symptomsTwo different bacteria can cause trench fever: Bartonella quintana and Bartonella henselae. B. quintana is carried by body lice; B. henselae is carried by ticks.Infection with B. quintana occurs when an infected louse defecates while feeding on a human. When the person scratches, the feces (which are full of bacteria) are rubbed into the tiny wound. Infection with B. henselae occurs when an infected tick bites a human, passing the bacteria along through the tiny bite wound.Symptoms of trench fever begin about 2 weeks to a month after exposure to the bacteria. Sudden fever, loss of energy, dizziness, headache, weight loss, skin rash, severe muscle and bone pain can occur. Pain is particularly severe in the shins, leading to the nickname "shin bone fever." The fever can reach 105°F (40.5°C) and stays high for five to six days at a time. The temperature then drops, and stays down for several days, usually recurring in five- to six-day cycles. An individual may experience as many as eight cycles of fever with the illness.DiagnosisDiagnosis is usually made on the basis of the patient's symptoms, and on knowledge of the conditions in which the patient lives. A blood sample can be drawn and bacteria in the sample are allowed to grow. Identification is made by looking at the number of bacteria that may be present on a glass slide seen under the lens of a microscope. However, this technique can take up to four weeks, because this type of bacterium grows very slowly. By this time, the practitioner has often decided to treat the patient anyway.TreatmentErythromycin and azithromycin are both used to treat trench fever. Four weeks of treatment are usually necessary. Inadequate treatment often results in a relapse. In fact, relapses have been reported to occur as long as 10 years after the first episode.PrognosisPrognosis for patients with trench fever is excellent. Recovery may take a couple of months. Without treatment, there is always a risk of recurrence, even years after the original illness.PreventionPrevention involves good hygiene and decent living conditions. When this is impossible, insecticide dusting powders are available to apply to clothing. Avoidance of areas known to harbor ticks or the use of insect repellents is necessary to avoid the type of infection passed by ticks.ResourcesOrganizationsCenters for Disease Control and Prevention. 1600 Clifton Rd., NE, Atlanta, GA 30333. (800) 311-3435, (404) 639-3311. http://www.cdc.gov.trench fever a louseborne rickettsial disease due to Rochalimaea quintana, transmitted by the human body louse, Pediculus humanus; symptoms include febrile paroxysms, leg pains, chills, sweating, rash, splenomegaly, and a tendency to relapse. Called also His's or His-Werner disease.trench fe·veran uncommon rickettsial fever caused by Bartonella quintana and transmitted by the louse Pediculus humanus, first appearing as an epidemic during the trench warfare of World War I; characterized by the sudden onset of chills and fever, myalgia (especially of the back and legs), headache, and general malaise that typically lasts 5 days but may recur. Synonym(s): five-day fever, quintan fever, shin bone fevertrench fevern. An acute infectious disease characterized by chills and fever, caused by the bacterium Bartonella quintana and transmitted by body lice.A rickettsia-like disease caused by Bartonella quintana (formerly Rochalimaea quintana, Rickettsia quintana) transmitted by the faeces of the body louse—Pediculus humanus—under crowded conditions of poor hygiene, first recognised in the trenches of World War I, which recurred in World War II. It occurs endemically in Mexico, northern Africa, eastern Europe, and elsewhere
Management Tetracycline, broad-spectrum antibiotics, eradicate licetrench fever A rickettsia-like disease caused by Bartonella quintana transmitted by the feces of the body louse–Pediculus humanus under crowded conditions of poor hygiene, seen in endemic form in developing nations Clinical Abrupt onset of paroxysmal fever, asthenia, chills, vertigo, headache, backache, characteristic shin pain, truncal rash, transient maculopapules and moderate leukocytosis; febrile relapse Treatment Tetracycline, broad-spectrum antibiotics, eradicate. See Saddleback curve. trench fe·ver (trench fē'vĕr) An uncommon rickettsial fever caused by Bartonella quintana and transmitted by the louse Pediculus humanus; first appeared as an epidemic during trench warfare in World War I (1914-1918); characterized by the sudden onset of chills and fever, myalgia (especially of the back and legs), headache, and general malaise that typically lasts 5 days but may recur. trench fever A louse-borne infection caused by Rickettsia quintana that was prevalent in World War I but is now rare. It features headache, fever, severe pain in the legs and back, and a tendency to relapse at intervals of 5 or 6 days.trench fever
Related to trench fever: relapsing feverWords related to trench fevernoun marked by pain in muscles and joints and transmitted by liceRelated Words- rickettsial disease
- rickettsiosis
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