释义 |
Trees
tree T0335200 (trē)n.1. a. A perennial woody plant having a main trunk and usually a distinct crown.b. A plant or shrub resembling a tree in form or size.2. a. Something that resembles a tree in form, especially a diagram or arrangement that has branches showing relationships of hierarchy or lineage.b. Computers A structure for organizing or classifying data in which every item can be traced to a single origin through a unique path.3. a. A wooden beam, post, stake, or bar used as part of a framework or structure.b. A saddletree.4. Archaic a. A gallows.b. The cross on which Jesus was crucified.tr.v. treed, tree·ing, trees 1. To force up a tree: Dogs treed the raccoon.2. Informal To force into a difficult position; corner: the reporters finally treed the mayor.3. To supply or cover with trees: a hillside that is treed with oaks.Idiom: up a tree Informal In a situation of great difficulty or perplexity; helpless. [Middle English, from Old English trēow; see deru- in Indo-European roots.] tree′less adj.TreesSee also leaves; plants; wood. arboretuma place where trees are grown for scientific observation, for pleasure, or both.arboriculturethe cultivation of trees and shrubs for scientific, commercial, or other purposes. — arboriculturist, n.citriculturethe cultivation of citrus fruits, as lemons, oranges, etc. — citriculturist, n.decorticationthe process of stripping off or removing the cortex or outer layer.dendrochronologythe study of annual rings in trees to determine their age, climatic and other conditions and changes that might have affected them, etc. — dendrochronologist, n. — dendrochronological, adj.dendrographythe science of tree description. — dendrographic, dendrographical, adj.dendrolatrythe veneration of trees. — dendrolatrous, adj.dendrologythe branch of botany that studies trees. — dendrologist, n. — dendrologic, dendrological, adj.forestation1. the planting of forests. 2. the state of being covered with trees, as of a tract of land.interlucationObsolete, the act or process of cutting away branches of trees to let light through.nemophilya fondness or liking for forests, woods, or woodland scenery. — nemophilist, n. — nemophilous, adj.pomiculturethe cultivation of fruit and fruit trees.reforestationthe process of planting new trees in areas where they have been removed by cutting or destroyed by fire, disease, etc.silviculture, sylviculturethe cultivation of forest trees; forestry. — silviculturist, sylviculturist, n.stumpage1. standing timber, with special reference to its value in money. 2. the right to cut such timber and its value on another’s land.xylomaa tumor or woodlike substance on a tree or plant.Trees See Also: LEAVES, NATURE - Apple-trees on which the apples looked like great shining soap bubbles —Hans Christian Andersen
- The bark hung in ribbons from the trunks like the flayed skins of living creatures —R. Wright Campbell
- Beeches … their beautiful bare green trunks like limbs —Elizabeth Bowen
- The big pine was like greenish bronze against the October sky —Ellen Glasgow
- (In the moonlight) the big trees around us looked as bare as gallows —John Braine
- The birches bend like women —Caroline Finkelstein
- The birches stand out … like gay banners on white poles —Erich Maria Remarque
- The birch trees wavered their stark shadows across it [snow] like supplicating arms —Leo Tolstoy
- Boughs … as rough and hornily buckled as the hands of old farmers —Margaret Laurence
- [Tree] branches … looked like the powerful contorted fingers of a gigantic hand —Sholem Asch
- The branches [of a weeping willow] were thin, like the bleached bones of a skeleton —Daphne du Maurier
- Cedars … black and pointed on the sky like a paper silhouette —William Faulkner
- Chestnut trees … their clusters of white blossoms like candelabras —Dorothea Straus
- Copses of hazel and alder stood like a low, petrified forest —H. E. Bates
- Cypresses rose like cathedral spires —Jilly Cooper
- Elms rich like cucumbers —Joyce Cary
- Evergreens as big as tents —Julia O’Faolain
- Evergreens … out of place [amid the other trees that change their foliage in Autumn] … like poor relations at a rich man’s feast —Jerome K. Jerome
- Huge hardwood trees draped with clusters of Spanish moss guarded the house from the afternoon heat like overdressed sentinels —Paul Kuttner
- Magnolia … its chalices of flowers like superb classical emblems —H. E. Bates
- Maples, burning like bonfires, pure yellow and pure red —Pamela Hansford Johnson
- My poplars are … like two old neighbors met to chat —Theodosia Garrison
- The oaks stood silent and tired, like old, worn-out seekers after pleasure, unable to keep up in this grimy, mechanized world of ours —Anthony Powell
- Palms … like Spanish exclamation points —Sue Grafton
- A pear tree glistened in bloom like a graceful drift of snow —George Garrett
- The pear tree lets its petals drop like dandruff on a tabletop —W. D. Snodgrass
- Pines … moaning like the sea —John Greenleaf Whittier
- Pines tossing their green manes like frightened horses —George Garrett
- The pines were packed like a quiver of arrows —John Farris
- The pine-trees roared like waves in their topmost branches, their stems creaked like the timber of ships —Katherine Mansfield
- A poplar covered with snow looked, in the bluish mist, like a giant in a winding sheet —Anton Chekhov
- Poplars like dark feathers against the green and gold sunset —Sharon Sheehe Stark
- The poplars stood like tall guards, attentive, at attention —Delmore Schwartz
A week after the poet entered this in his diary as a fragment he incorporated it into a poem as follows: “The poplar stood like a rifle.” - Poplars that rose above the mist were like a beach stirred by the wind —Gustave Flaubert
- Red maples and orange oaks, shaped like hands —Jonathan Valin
- The redwoods let sink their branches like arms that try to hold buckets filling slowly with diamonds —James Dickey
- Rows of bay trees like children’s green lollipops —Graham Masterton
- Saw the bare branches of a tree, like fine lace, against the blackness [of garden] —Jean Rhys
- The scarlet of the maples can shake me like a cry —Bliss Carman
- The shadows hung from the oak trees to the road like curtains —Eudora Welty
- Tall trees like towers —Carlos Baker
- A thick low-hanging branch sags like a wounded arm —John Rechy
- The tops of pines moonlit, like floating Christmas trees —Frank Conroy
- The tree, in full bloom, was like a huge mountain lit with candles —Alice Walker
- Trees against walls, flattened like spies in old movies —Lisa Ress
- The trees and the shrubbery seemed well-groomed and sociable, like pleasant people —Willa Cather
- The tree sat like a party umbrella (trunk sturdy, branches gently arching) —W. P. Kinsella
- Trees bent like arches —Graham Swift
- The trees cast still shadows like intricate black laces —H. G. Wells
- Trees darkening like clusters of frightened wrens —Philip Levine
- The trees dimmed the whiteness [of snow] like a sparse coat of hair —John Cheever
- The trees drooped like old men with back problems —T. Coraghessan Boyle
- Trees grew close and spread out like bouquets —Stephen Crane
- The trees have a look as if they bore sad names —Wallace Stevens
- Trees … hunched against the dawn sky like shaggy dark animals, like buffalo —Alice Munro
- A tree slender as life, and as tall —Kenneth Patchen
- Trees … like burnt-out torches —Oscar Wilde
- Trees … like fresh-painted green —Danny Santiago
- Trees … like prophet’s fingers —Dylan Thomas
- Trees like tall ships —Sharon Sheehe Stark
- Trees [planted 40 years ago] … now stately, like patriarchs whose wisdom lives in their mere physical presence, after all sight and mind have been feebled —Paul Horgan
- Trees spaced out in ordered formality … like a ballet of spinsters —W. Somerset Maugham
- Trees spread like green lather —F. Scott Fitzgerald
- Trees … spread their scant shade upon the ground like fine strands of hair —Yitzhak Shenhar
- The trees stood motionless and white like figures in a marble frieze —Helen Keller
- (In the park) the trees stood reticent as old men —Helen Hudson
- Trees … tall and straight as the masts of ships —Donald Hall
- Trees tall as mythical giants —David Ignatow
- Trees … vibrating headily like coins shaken in a dark money-box —Robert Culff
See Also: VIBRATIONS - The trees were beginning to put out buds like tiny wings —Helen Hudson
- The trees were plucked like iron bars —Wallace Stevens
- Trees whose branches spread like hugging, possessive arms —John Rechy
- Trees with branches like the groping fingers of men long dead —Loren D. Estleman
- Trunks like thick skirts hanging in folds —Paul Theroux
- Twigs grasped for the sky like frayed electrical wires —Z. Vance Wilson
- Willow trees … their trailing leaves hung like waterfalls in the morning air —Eudora Welty
Translations- We'd like to see local plants and trees → 我们想看当地的植物和树木
IdiomsSeetreeTrees
Trees (religion, spiritualism, and occult)The worship of trees has for generations been a common practice throughout much of Europe. A.J. Huxley makes the point that trees themselves were originally an object of veneration since, to the relatively short-lived human, they appeared immortal. The Old Testament contains references to sacred groves and to setting up altars under trees such as sacred oaks. This reverence for living trees was later shown to the simple erect trunk, sometimes with an altar placed before it. Representation of the trunk as a stone pillar was found in as the standing stones and menhirs in western Europe. A further stage involved placing a mask on the tree or pillar to represent the deity within, or even carving the trunk to look like the god or goddess. The belief that spirits dwelled in trees was universal. In ancient Egypt these spirits were especially seen in the sacred sycamores (Ficus sycomorus) that existed on the border of a great desert between this world and the next. When the dead soul reached this border, the spirits in the sacred trees would provide food and water for the journey. Such scenes are depicted in the Book of the Dead. Persian mythology also contains references to the tree as a dwelling place for a deity, with the cypress as the sacred symbol of Ahura Mazda. Trees such as the sequoias of northern California live for two, three, or even four thousand years, so it is no wonder they have been revered. England is dotted with ancient oaks that are hundreds of years old. Sir James Frazer says that nothing could be more natural than the worship of trees, speaking of the remnants of the great forest of Anderida which once covered the entire southwest portion of England, the Ciminian forest of Germany, and the beautiful woods of pine, oak, and other trees in Greece. Sacred groves were common among the ancient Germans, and tree worship, says Frazer, is well attested for all the great European families of Aryan stock. Among the Celts the oak-worship of the Druids is legendary. Most closely connected with trees were the female spirits known as hamadryads, or dryads. Considered the incarnate souls of trees, especially of oak trees, they were thought to be necessary to the growth and well-being of the tree; by touching the roots, they could cause the tree to fruit. A dryad would only die when the tree died. In some areas the spirit living in a tree was thought to need placating, otherwise it might become hostile. Arabian jinns inhabited trees, as did similar Egyptian monsters. In Scandinavia there is a belief in moss-covered men and women who lived under trees. Oak, ash, birch, hawthorn, elder, rowan, hazel, and holly trees became especially revered in Britain and other northern temperate countries as protectors from evil. A piece of wood cut from these trees would protect the one who carried it, and a branch kept in the house would protect the home from fire, lightning strikes, and intruders. Robert Graves called a tree alphabet used by Wiccans and other Pagans a "genuine relic of Druidism." It is used in much the same way as the Runic alphabet, for divination and for secret writings. Each letter of the alphabet is named for a tree or shrub. By stringing a leaf from the particular trees on a string, messages could be spelled out and passed along. Barbara Walker suggests that occasional leaves from nonlettered trees might also be introduced to make the message more cryptic. The tree alphabet is as follows: A—Silver Fir (Ailm) B—Birch (Beth) C—Hazel (Coll) D—Oak (Duir) E—White Poplar (Eadha) F—Alder (Fearn) G—Ivy (Gort) H—Hawthorn (Uath) I—Yew (Idho) L—Rowan (Luis) M—Vine (Muin) N—Ash (Nion) O—Furze (Onn) P—Dwarf Elder (Pethboc) R—Elder (Ruis) S—Willow (Saille) T—Holly (Tinne) U—Heather (Ur) Barbara Walker says that the consonantal letters have also been related to the lunar calendar, the pagan feast days, and the agricultural seasons. Of the trees themselves, the oak represented power. Irish churches were once called dair-thech, meaning "oak-house." The oak represented Diana and her lovers, the Kings of the Wood in Greco-Roman tradition, according to Walker. Few trees have been so widely revered as the oak. The ash was considered the universal mother. Yggdrasil was the name of the World Ash Tree of Norse mythology, its roots reaching down to the underworld and its branches reaching up to the heavens. The alder was associated with various pagan deities. Considered the tree of resurrection, it was sacred to the Celtic god Bran, brother of the keeper of the Cauldron of Regeneration. The Romans associated the alder with the Roman-Celtic god Cocidius, a disreputable orgiast. The hawthorn, also known as the May tree, represented the White Goddess Maia. She was a goddess of both love and death, connecting the tree to both sexuality and destruction. The blossoms of the hawthorn made up the garland that was attached to the tip of the maypole at Beltane celebrations, serving as the yoni to the pole's lingam. The willow, sacred to the Celtic Goddess Arianrhod, was said to beget ser- pents. Witches would go to a willow tree to forswear God, according to the medieval clerics. Willow wands were popluar for water witching and other forms of divining. The rowan, or mountain ash, was sacred to Bride. It was used in breaking curses and was the preferred wood for vampire-killing stakes! The holly was dedicated to Cu Chulainn and to the Celtic Goddess Holle, or Hel. Holle was the universal mother, patron of newborn children. Planting holly trees around a house was believed to protect the home from evil. The walnut harbored female spirits that would make indecent propositions to passers-by. Walnut shells were associated with female genitalia. Witches were said to sail walnut shells like miniature boats. The three most magical trees were the oak, ash, and thorn. By holding leaves from these three, and pronouncing certain secret words, it was thought possible to summon the god Woden to aid you. Believers handed down the secret words from woman to man and man to woman, alternating sexes, in the same manner in which the mysteries are taught in Wicca. Walker, Barbara G.: The Woman's Dictionary of Symbols and Sacred Objects. HarperSanFrancisco, 1988. TreesBirnam woodapparently comes to Dunsinane, fulfilling a prophecy misinterpreted by Macbeth. [Br. Drama: Shakespeare Macbeth]Bo-treetree of perfect knowledge under which Gautama attained enlightenment and so became the Buddha. [Buddhism: Benét, 124]Charter Oakancient white oak where the Connecticut charter was secreted in 1687 to avoid its seizure by the royal governor. [Am. Hist.: NCE, 515]Chestnuts, Thetree apartment, home of Owl. [Br. Lit.: A. A. Milne Winnie-the-Pooh]Druidsconducted their rites in oak groves and venerated the oak and the mistletoe. [Celtic Relig.: Benét, 289]Entstreelike creatures who shelter and defend the friends of Frodo. [Br. Lit.: J. R. R. Tolkien Lord of the Rings]laurel treesacred to Apollo; a wreath of laurel, or bay, protected the wearer from thunderstorms. [Roman Myth.: Brewer Dictionary, 81]oakconsidered more likely to be struck by lightning, sacred to the god of thunder and venerated by the Druids. [Br. Legend: Brewer Dictionary, 652]upasjuice contains a poison used for tipping arrows; its vapor was believed capable of killing all who came within miles. [Eur. Myth.: Brewer Dictionary, 926]yewsymbol of immortality; hence, planted in churchyards and near Druid temples. [Br. Legend: Brewer Dictionary, 967]Ygdrasilthe great ash tree that supported the universe, having sprung from the body of the giant Ymir. [Norse Myth.: Benét, 111]LegalSeeTreeTREES
Acronym | Definition |
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TREES➣Theological Roundtable on Ecological Ethics and Spirituality | TREES➣Tropical Ecosystem Environment Observations by Satellite | TREES➣Tropical Resources and Ecosystems Sustainability (University of the Philippines Los Baños; Laguna, Philippines) | TREES➣Thailand Rating Energy and Environment System (Thai Green Building Institute) | TREES➣Transient Radiation Effects On Electronic Systems | TREES➣Tennessee Real Estate Education System, Inc. (est. 1975; Chattanooga, TN) | TREES➣Track Relational Extension Server |
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