Arsaces


Arsaces

(är`səsēz), fl. 250 B.C., founder of the Parthian dynasty of the Arsacids, which ruled Persia from c.250 B.C. to A.D. 226. Arsaces led a successful revolt against Antiochus IIAntiochus II
(Antiochus Theos) , d. 247 B.C., king of Syria (261?–247 B.C.), son and successor of Antiochus I. In warfare with Ptolemy II he had sporadic successes, but his marriage to Ptolemy's daughter Berenice sealed the peace, and most of the Syrian possessions his
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 of Syria, when Antiochus was engaged in war with Egypt and trying to put down a revolt in Bactria. Among the other Parthian kings were TiridatesTiridates
, d. 211 B.C., king of Parthia (c.248–211 B.C.), 2d ruler of the Arsacid dynasty (see under Arsaces). He absorbed Hyrcania and, with the ruler of Bactria, successfully resisted the attacks of Seleucus II of Syria.
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, Mithradates I, Mithradates II, and PhraatesPhraates
, kings of Parthia of the dynasty of Arsaces. Phraates II, fl. 130 B.C., decisively defeated (129 B.C.) Antiochus VII of Syria, permanently annexing E Mesopotamia to his kingdom. Phraates IV, d. 2 B.C., had an early success in driving (36 B.C.
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 IV. Their empire became a formidable rival of the Roman power, but began to decay in the 2d cent. A.D. after Emperor Alexander SeverusAlexander Severus
(Marcus Aurelius Alexander Severus) , d. 235, Roman emperor (222–35), b. Syria. His name was changed (221) from Alexius Bassianus when he was adopted as the successor to Heliogabalus.
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 had invaded the country. The Arsacids were overthrown by a revolt of the Persians under Ardashir IArdashir I
[another form of Artaxerxes], d. 240, king of Persia (226?–240). He overthrew the last Parthian king, Artabanus IV, entered Ctesiphon, and reunited Persia out of the confusion of Seleucid decline.
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, who in A.D. 226 slew Artabanus IV (Ardawan IV), the last of the Arsacids.