| 释义 |
osmolality
osmolality (ˌɒzməʊˈlælətɪ) n (Biochemistry) biochem the measure of osmole concentration in a solvent
osmolality
osmolality[‚äz·mə′lal·əd·ē] (chemistry) The molality of an ideal solution of a nondissociating substance that exerts the same osmotic pressure as the solution being considered. osmolality
osmolality [oz″mo-lal´ĭ-te] the concentration of a solution in terms of osmoles of solutes per kilogram of solvent.serum osmolality a measure of the number of dissolved particles per unit of water in serum. In a solution, the fewer the particles of solute in proportion to the number of units of water (solvent), the less concentrated the solution. A low serum osmolality means a higher than usual amount of water in relation to the amount of particles dissolved in it, and accompanies overhydration, or edema. An increased serum osmolality indicates volume" >deficient fluid volume. Measurement of the serum osmolality gives information about the hydration status within the cells because of the osmotic equilibrium that is constantly being maintained on either side of the cell membrane (homeostasis). Water moves freely back and forth across the membrane in response to the osmolar pressure being exerted by the molecules of solute in the intracellular and extracellular fluids. Serum osmolality reflects the status of hydration of the intracellular as well as the extracellular compartments and thus describes total body hydration. The normal value for serum osmolality is 270–300 mOsm/kg water.urine osmolality a measure of the number of dissolved particles per unit of water in the urine. A more accurate measure of urine concentration than specific gravity, urine osmolality is useful in diagnosing renal disorders of urinary concentration and dilution and in assessing status of hydration. The normal value is 500 to 800 mOsm/L.os·mo·lal·i·ty (oz'mō-lal'i-tē), Do not confuse this word with osmolarity.The concentration of a solution expressed in osmoles of solute particles per kilogram of soluent.osmolality Toxicology A measure of the amount of osmotically effective solute/1000 g of solvent; serum osmolality is↑ in Ethanol, azotemia, dehydration, DM, hypercalcemia, hyperglycemia, hypernatremia, ethylene glycol, glycerine, INH, ketosis, mannitol therapy, methanol, pyelonephritis, renal tubular necrosis, diabetes insipidus, shock, sorbitol, uremia ↓ in Overhydation, ↑ fluid intake, ↓ Na+, paraneoplastic syndrome, SIADH; urine osmolality is ↑ in SIADH, liver disease, heart disease, dehydration ↓ in Overhydration, diabetes insipidus, ↓ K+ Ref range Serum, 275-295 mOsm/Kg; urine 50–1400 mOsm/Kg Critical (panic) values ≤ 265 mOsm/Kg; ≥ 320 mOsm/Kg. See Delta osmolality, Effective osmolality. os·mo·lal·i·ty (oz'mō-lal'i-tē) The concentration of a solution expressed in osmoles of solute particles per kilogram of solvent. osmolality The property of a solution that depends on its concentration in osmolal units. See OSMOLE.OsmolalityA measurement of urine concentration that depends on the number of particles dissolved in it. Values are expressed as milliosmols per kilogram (mOsm/kg) of water.Mentioned in: Diabetes Insipidus, Kidney Function Tests |