| 单词 | ombudsman | |||
| 释义 | ombudsmanom·buds·manO0070700 (ŏm′bŭdz′mən, -bədz-, -bo͝odz′-)ombudsman(ˈɒmbʊdzmən)om•buds•man(ˈɒm bədz mən, -ˌmæn, -bʊdz-, ˈɔm-, ɒmˈbʊdz-, ɔm-)n., pl. -men (-mən, -ˌmɛn) ombudsman
ombudsman(ˈombudzmən) nounombudsmanombudsman(äm`bədzmən) [Swed.,=agent or representative], public official appointed to deal with individual complaints against government acts. The office originated in Sweden in 1809 when the Swedish legislature created a riksdagens justitieombudsman, or parliamentary agent of justice, and in the 20th cent. it has been adopted by a number of countries. As a government agent serving as an intermediary between citizens and the government bureaucracy, the ombudsman is usually independent, impartial, universally accessible, and empowered only to recommend. In the United States the term ombudsman has been used more widely to describe any machinery adopted by private organizations (e.g., large business corporations and universities) as well as by government to investigate complaints of administrative abuses. In 1969, Hawaii became the first of many American states to appoint an ombudsman.BibliographySee studies by G. Sawyer (2d ed. 1968), F. Stacey (1978), and D. C. Rowat (2d ed. 1986). Ombudsmanin bourgeois states, an official empowered by the constitution or a special law to oversee the workings of government institutions, ministries, and departments. The position of ombudsman was first provided for in the Swedish Constitution of 1809. In most countries the ombudsman acts nominally on behalf of the parliament, on the initiative of individuals or legal entities that have approached him. The official title of the position of such a government supervisor varies: for example, in France, intermédiaire, and in Great Britain, New Zealand, and India, “parliamentary commissioner” (plenipotentiary). In some countries there are several ombudsmen, each of whom is assigned a certain sphere of administration (in Sweden, for example, there are civil, military, and consumer ombudsmen). Ombudsmen are elected by parliament or appointed by the head of state. In monitoring the actions of officials in the government apparatus, the ombudsman does not have the right to revoke their decisions, but he can make recommendations. In most countries the ombudsmen’s control is very limited; it does not cover the activities of the government, ministers, foreign-policy departments, the police, or municipal agencies. ombudsmanombudsmanombudsmanAs typically used in the UK, a neutral representative of local government who assesses complaints about councils, authorities, organisations, education admissions appeal panels, healthcare professionals (e.g., GPs) and adult social care providers (e.g., care homes and home care providers).om·buds·man(ombŭdz-măn)See ombudsman ombudsmanombudsmana person appointed by Parliament to investigate citizens' complaints. The name derives from the first example appointed in Sweden in 1809. There are now many in the UK, both in the public and private sector, and as a result of devolution, e.g. the Welsh Administrative Ombudsman (Ombudsman Gweinyddiaeth Cymru).ombudsmanombudsmana UK body which is responsible for settling disputes between suppliers of goods and services and their customers, and public agencies and their clients. For example, the Insurance Ombudsman handles disputes between insurance companies and policyholders. The scheme is voluntary and not all insurers are members. By contrast, the Building Societies Ombudsman is a statutory scheme and all building societies are members. The Revenue Adjudicator considers complaints about delays, errors or discourtesy by INLAND REVENUE staff. In most cases Ombudsmen have powers to award compensation to injured parties.ombudsman
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ombudsman - a government appointee who investigates complaints by private persons against the government