| 单词 | osteosarcoma | |||
| 释义 | osteosarcomaenUKos·te·o·sar·co·maO0143500 (ŏs′tē-ō-sär-kō′mə)osteosarcoma(ˌɒstɪəʊˌsɑːˈkəʊmə)os•te•o•sar•co•ma(ˌɒs ti oʊ sɑrˈkoʊ mə)n., pl. -mas, -ma•ta (-mə tə) osteosarcomaosteosarcoma
osteosarcomaenUKosteosarcoma[¦äs·tē·ō·sär′kō·mə]osteosarcomaenUKosteosarcoma[os″te-o-sahr-ko´mah]os·te·o·gen·ic sar·co·ma[MIM*259500]osteosarcoma(ŏs′tē-ō-sär-kō′mə)osteosarcomaA high-grade sarcoma which arises in the metaphysis of long bones and produces malignant osteoid.Epidemiology Osteosarcomas comprise 2–3% of paediatric malignancies and 20% of all bone cancers; frequency 4–5/106 age range, 5–50 (60% under age 25), more common in males. Clinical findings Pain, swelling of extremity, pathological fractures. Location Metaphysis of long bones (distal femur, proximal tibia, proximal humerus); less commonly in flat bones, facial, pelvic, scapula, spine, short bones. Predisposing factors Usually arises de novo, but may be due to radiation, Paget’s disease of bone, linked to chemotherapy (alkylating agents), pre-existing benign bone lesions (fibrous dysplasia, osteochondromatosis, chondromatosis), foreign bodies (e.g. orthopaedic hardware). Imaging Variable sclerosis and osteolysis, Codman’s triangle. Management Pre-op chemotherapy; resect. Metastases Lungs, lymph nodes, other bones. Prognosis Very poor; better if 95% of the tumour is necrotic. Osteosarcoma types -Conventional • Osteosarcoma NOS (not otherwise specified) • Chondroblastic • Fibroblastic (osteofibrosarcoma) • Central osteosarcoma (conventional central osteosarcoma, medullary osteosarcoma) • Intracortical osteosarcoma -High-grade superficial -Low-grade central -Parosteal (juxtacortical) -Periosteal (chondroblastic) -Secondary -Small cell -Telangiectatic -Microscopic variants • Chondroblastic osteosarcoma • Fibroblastic osteosarcoma • Giant cell rich osteosarcoma • Osteoblastic osteosarcoma (osteogenic osteosarcoma) • Small-cell osteosarcoma • Telangiectatic osteosarcoma os·te·o·gen·ic sar·co·ma(os'tē-ō-jen'ik sahr-kō'mă)Synonym(s): osteosarcoma. osteosarcomaA highly malignant form of bone cancer that affects mostly young people between the ages of 10 and 20. The tumour is commonest at the lower end of the thigh bone (femur) or the upper end of the shin bone (tibia) causing swelling and sometimes pain, local warmth and tenderness. A characteristic ‘sun-ray’ effect of bone spicules is often visible on X-ray. Early spread to other parts of the body (METASTASIS) is common and unexplained pain or swelling at either of these sites should always be investigated without delay. In confirmed cases, urgent treatment is necessary if life is to be saved.os·te·o·gen·ic sar·co·ma(os'tē-ō-jen'ik sahr-kō'mă) [MIM*259500]Synonym(s): osteosarcoma. osteosarcomaenUK
Synonyms for osteosarcoma
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