Meteorological Elements

the parameters of the condition of the atmosphere such as the temperature, pressure, and humidity of the air, wind speed and direction, cloud cover, precipitation, and visibility (the transparency of the atmosphere), as well as soil and surface water temperatures, solar radiation, and long-wave terrestrial and atmospheric radiation. Meteorological elements also include weather phenomena such as thunderstorms and snowstorms. The variations in the meteorological elements are the result of atmospheric processes, and they determine the weather and the climate. The meteorological elements are observed at aerological and meteorological (weather) stations and at meteorological observatories by means of aerological and meteorological instruments.