| 释义 |
mastoiditisenUK
Note: This page may contain terms or definitions that are offensive or inappropriate for some readers.mas·toid·i·tis M0145300 (măs′toid-ī′tĭs)n. Inflammation of the mastoid process and mastoid cells.mastoiditis (ˌmæstɔɪˈdaɪtɪs) n (Pathology) inflammation of the mastoid processmas•toid•i•tis (ˌmæs tɔɪˈdaɪ tɪs)
n. inflammation of the mastoid process. Thesaurus| Noun | 1. |  mastoiditis - inflammation of the mastoid inflammation, redness, rubor - a response of body tissues to injury or irritation; characterized by pain and swelling and redness and heat |
TranslationsmastoiditisenUK
Note: This page may contain terms or definitions that are offensive or inappropriate for some readers.mastoiditis inflammation of the mastoid process Mastoiditis inflammation of the mastoid cells of the temporal bone, affecting the mucous membrane and bony tissue. Most ofter mastoiditis is a complication of a purulent inflammation of the middle ear. Primary mastoiditis arises as a result of trauma to the mastoid process or when infection from sepsis, syphilis, or tuberculosis penetrates by hematogenic means. Symptoms include sharp pain when pressure is applied to the anterosuperior part of the process or to its apex, reddening of the skin, swelling, flabbiness, and protrusion of the auricles forward and downward. In children the temperature rises to 39°-40°C; in adults it often remains normal. Treatment consists of administering antibiotics. If there is prolonged suppuration from the ear (three or four weeks) or at the first signs that infection has spread to the labyrinth and the meninges, treatment is surgical. mastoiditis[‚ma‚stȯi′dīd·əs] (medicine) Inflammation of the mastoid cells. mastoiditisenUK
Note: This page may contain terms or definitions that are offensive or inappropriate for some readers.Mastoiditis DefinitionMastoiditis is an infection of the spaces within the mastoid bone. It is almost always associated with otitis media, an infection of the middle ear. In the most serious cases, the bone itself becomes infected.DescriptionThe mastoid is a part of the side (temporal bone) of the skull. It can be felt as a bony bump just behind and slightly above the level of the earlobe. The mastoid has been described as resembling a "honeycomb" of tiny partitioned-off airspaces. The mastoid is connected with the middle ear, so that when there is a collection of fluid in the middle ear, there is usually also a slight collection of fluid within the airspaces of the mastoid.Mastoiditis can range from a simple case of some fluid escaping into the mastoid air cells during a middle ear infection, to a more complex infection which penetrates through to the lining of the mastoid bone, to a very severe and destructive infection of the mastoid bone itself.Causes and symptomsMastoiditis is caused by the same types of bacteria which cause middle ear infections (Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae), as well as by a variety of other bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Pseuodomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella, Escherichia coli, Proteus, Prevotella, Fusobacterium, Porphyromonas, and Bacteroides). Mastoiditis may occur due to the progression of an untreated, or undertreated, middle ear infection.Symptoms of mastoiditis may at first be the same as symptoms of an early middle ear infection. With progression, however, the swollen mastoid may push the outer ear slightly forward and away from the head. The area behind the ear will appear red and swollen, and will be very sore. There may be drainage of pus from the infected ear. In some cases, the skin over the mastoid may develop an opening through which pus drains. Fever is common.DiagnosisMastoiditis is usually suspected when a severe middle ear infection is accompanied by redness, swelling, and pain in the mastoid area. A computed tomography scan (CT scan) will show inflammation and fluid within the airspaces of the mastoid, as well as the erosion of the little walls of bone that should separate the air spaces. If there is any fluid draining from the ear or mastoid, this can be collected and processed in a laboratory to allow identification of the causative organism. If there is no fluid available, a tiny needle can be used to obtain a sample of the fluid which has accumulated behind the eardrum.TreatmentIdentification of the causative organism guides the practitioner's choice of antibiotic. Depending on the severity of the infection, the antibiotic can be given initially through a needle in the vein (intravenously or IV), and then (as the patient improves) by mouth.In the case of a very severe infection of the mastoid bone itself, with a collection of pus (abscess), an operation to remove the mastoid part of the temporal bone is often necessary (mastoidectomy).Key termsAbscess — A pocket of infection, usually including a collection of pus.Meningitis — Inflammation and infection of the tissues covering the brain and spinal cord (the meninges).Otitis or oteitis — An infection of the middle ear; marked by an enlargement of bone, tenderness and dull aching pain.PrognosisWith early identification of mastoiditis, the prognosis is very good. When symptoms are not caught early enough, however, a number of complications can occur. These include an infection of the tissues covering the brain and spinal cord (meningitis), a pocket of infection within the brain (abscess), or an abscess within the muscles of the neck. All of these complications have potentially more serious prognoses.PreventionPrevention of mastoiditis involves careful and complete treatment of any middle ear infections.ResourcesOrganizationsAmerican Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Inc. One Prince St., Alexandria VA 22314-3357. (703) 836-4444. http://www.entnet.org.mastoiditis [mas″toi-di´tis] inflammation of the antrum" >mastoid antrum and mastoid cells, usually the result of an infection of the middle ear, with which the mastoid cells communicate. It most often follows sore throat and respiratory infection but can also be caused by diseases such as diphtheria, measles, and scarlet fever. Symptoms include earache and a ringing in the ears. The mastoid process may become painful and swollen. Treatment formerly was limited to mastoidectomy, in which infected cells were removed surgically. Today, however, use of antibiotics has made it possible to check most cases at an early stage, so that surgery can be avoided.mas·toi·di·tis (mas'toy-dī'tis), Infection in the air cell system of the mastoid process. Synonym(s): mastoid empyemamastoiditis (măs′toid-ī′tĭs)n. Inflammation of the mastoid process and mastoid cells.mastoiditis Inflammation of the mastoid, often secondary to middle ear infection (acute otitis media).mastoiditis ENT Inflammation of the mastoid, often 2º to middle ear infection–acute otitis media. See Mastoid. mas·toi·di·tis (mas'toy-dī'tis) Inflammation of any part of the mastoid process. mastoiditis Inflammation of the mastoid air cells from infection usually spread from an OTITIS MEDIA. This is potentially dangerous as the infection may proceed through the bone into the interior of the skull and cause a brain abscess.mastoiditisenUK
Note: This page may contain terms or definitions that are offensive or inappropriate for some readers.Words related to mastoiditisnoun inflammation of the mastoidRelated Words |