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Niemann-Pick disease
Nie·mann-Pick disease N5112100 (nē′mən-pĭk′)n. An inherited disorder of lipid metabolism characterized by the accumulation of lipids in the spleen and liver and sometimes in the lungs, bone marrow, and brain. It is divided into several types, one of which occurs chiefly in infants of eastern European Jewish descent.
[After Albert Niemann (1880-1921), German pediatrician, and Ludwig Pick (1868-1944), German pathologist.]Thesaurus| Noun | 1. | Niemann-Pick disease - a disorder of lipid metabolism that is inherited as an autosomal recessive traitinborn error of metabolism - any of a number of diseases in which an inherited defect (usually a missing or inadequate enzyme) results in an abnormality of metabolismautosomal recessive defect, autosomal recessive disease - a disease caused by the presence of two recessive mutant genes on an autosomelipidosis - a disorder of lipid metabolism; abnormal levels of certain fats accumulate in the body |
Niemann-Pick disease
Niemann-Pick disease[′nē‚män ′pik di‚zēz] (medicine) A hereditary sphingolipidosis due to an enzyme deficiency resulting in abnormal accumulation of sphingomyelin; symptoms include anemia, enlargement of the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes, gastrointestinal disturbances, and various neurologic deficits. Also known as lipid hystiocytosis. Niemann-Pick disease
Niemann-Pick disease [ne´mahn pik´] a lysosomal storage disease due to sphingomyelin accumulation in the reticuloendothelial system; there are five types distinguished by age of onset, amount of central nervous system involvement, and degree of enzyme deficiency. At least some types are characterized by foamy reticular cells containing phospholipids which infiltrate the liver, spleen, lungs, lymph nodes, and bone marrow.Nie·mann-Pick dis·ease (nē'mahn pik), [MIM*257200] lipidosis with accumulation of sphingomyelin in histiocytes in the liver, spleen, lymph nodes, and bone marrow due to a deficiency of sphingomyelinase; associated with hepatosplenomegaly, physical and mental retardation, and neurologic manifestations; macular cherry-red spots may occur at a later stage; occurs most commonly in Ashkenazi Jewish infants and leads to early death; a more benign form may occur in adults. There are several variants: type A, the classic infantile form; type B, the visceral form; type C, the juvenile form; type D, the Nova Scotia variant; and type E, the adult form; all are of autosomal recessive inheritance with types A and B caused by mutation in the acid sphingomyelinase gene (SMPD) on chromosome 11p. Synonym(s): Niemann disease, sphingomyelin lipidosisNiemann-Pick disease (nē′mən-pĭk′)n. An inherited disorder of lipid metabolism characterized by the accumulation of lipids in the spleen and liver and sometimes in the lungs, bone marrow, and brain. It is divided into several types, one of which occurs chiefly in infants of eastern European Jewish descent.Niemann-Pick disease Metabolism A rapidly progressive AR storage disease with progressive neurologic damage due to sphingomyelinase deficiency; NPD type A is AR, more common in Ashkenazi Jews and is characterized by accumulation of excess sphingomyelin and cholesterol in the brain, BM, liver, spleen Clinical Early infancy onset with feeding problems and delayed or regressing motor development, progressive vision and hearing loss; late onset NPD is characterized by movement disorders and seizures. See Niemann-Pick cell. Niemann-Pick disease An autosomal recessive hereditary disease in which the absence of an enzyme causes defective metabolism of SPHINGOMYELIN. A sphingolipidosis. There is abnormal accumulation of sphingomyelin causing enlargement of the liver and spleen, anaemia and severe neurological damage leading to physical and mental retardation and often death in early childhood. At least six varieties, having differing prognoses, have been described. Some have onset in adult life and do not affect the nervous system. The gene was identified in 1997. (Albert Neimann, 1880–1921, German paediatrician; and Ludwig Pick, 1868–1935, German physician).Niemann, Albert, German physician, 1880-1921. Niemann disease - Synonym(s): Niemann-Pick diseaseNiemann splenomegaly - enlargement of spleen occurring in Niemann-Pick disease.Niemann-Pick cell - Synonym(s): Pick cellNiemann-Pick disease - lipid histiocytosis that occurs most commonly in Jewish infants and leads to early death. Synonym(s): Niemann disease; sphingomyelin lipidosis
Pick, Ludwig, German physician, 1868-1935. Niemann-Pick cell - Synonym(s): Pick cellNiemann-Pick disease - see under NiemannPick cell - a relatively large mononuclear cell widely distributed in the spleen and other tissues in Niemann-Pick disease. Synonym(s): Niemann-Pick cellPick tubular adenoma - a testicular tumor. Synonym(s): androblastomaSee NPD
See NPDNiemann-Pick disease
Related to Niemann-Pick disease: Tay-Sachs disease, Gaucher diseaseWords related to Niemann-Pick diseasenoun a disorder of lipid metabolism that is inherited as an autosomal recessive traitRelated Words- inborn error of metabolism
- autosomal recessive defect
- autosomal recessive disease
- lipidosis
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