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luteinizing hormone
lu·te·in·iz·ing hormone L0297950 (lo͞o′tē-ə-nī′zĭng)n. Abbr. LH A hormone produced by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that stimulates ovulation and the development of the corpus luteum in the female and the production of testosterone by the interstitial cells of the testis in the male.luteinizing hormone (ˈluːtɪɪˌnaɪzɪŋ) n (Biochemistry) a gonadotrophic hormone secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. In female vertebrates it stimulates ovulation, and in mammals it also induces the conversion of the ruptured follicle into the corpus luteum. In male vertebrates it promotes maturation of the interstitial cells of the testes and stimulates androgen secretion. Abbreviation: LH Also called: interstitial cell-stimulating hormone See also follicle-stimulating hormone, prolactin[C19: from Latin lūteum egg yolk, from lūteus yellow]LH luteinizing hormone: a pituitary hormone that acts in the ovary to stimulate ripening of the follicle and formation of the corpus luteum. l.h. also L.H., 1. left hand. 2. lower half. luteinizing hormone(LH) A hormone that in females helps to make ova mature and triggers ovulation, and in males makes testes produce testosterone. LH comes from the pituitary gland and acts with FSH. See folliclestimulating hormone.Thesaurus| Noun | 1. | luteinizing hormone - a gonadotropic hormone that is secreted by the anterior pituitary; stimulates ovulation in female mammals and stimulates androgen release in male mammalsICSH, interstitial cell-stimulating hormone, LHgonadotrophic hormone, gonadotrophin, gonadotropic hormone, gonadotropin - hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland and placenta; stimulates the gonads and controls reproductive activity |
TranslationsLuteinizing Hormone
luteinizing hormone[′lüd·ē·ə‚nīz·iŋ ′hȯr‚mōn] (biochemistry) A glycoprotein hormone secreted by the adenohypophysis of vertebrates which stimulates hormone production by interstitial cells of gonads. Abbreviated LH. Also known as interstitial-cell-stimulating hormone (ICSH). Luteinizing Hormone (LH; also, interstitial cell-stimulating hormone, or ICSH), one of the gonadotropic hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary. Chemically, LH is a glycoprotein whose physical and chemical properties differ from species to species (in sheep, the molecular weight of LH is 40,000; in swine, 100,000). In females, LH stimulates the growth of the follicles in the stages preceding estrus and ovulation, in ovulation, and during the formation of the corpus luteum. A deficiency of LH in rats and guinea pigs leads to continuous estrus, a result of the abnormal enlargement of the follicles that did not undergo ovulation. The action of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) on the follicle is necessary before LH can exert its influence on the ovary. Ovulation, which is induced by LH, depends on the stage of follicular development, for which both the action time of LH and an optimal ratio of LH to FSH are important. For example, in cats and rabbits, the most effective ratio is 1:100. In males, LH stimulates interstitial testicular tissue and the secretion of the male sex hormone testosterone. V. M. SAMSONOVA luteinizing hormone
hormone [hor´mōn] a chemical transmitter substance produced by cells of the body and transported by the bloodstream to the cells and organs on which it has a specific regulatory effect. adj., adj hormo´nal. Hormones act as chemical messengers to body organs, stimulating certain life processes and retarding others. Growth, reproduction, control of metabolic processes, sexual attributes, and even mental conditions and personality traits are dependent on hormones.
Hormones are produced by various organs and body tissues, but mainly by the endocrine glands, such as the pituitary, thyroid, and gonads (testes and ovaries). Each gland apparently synthesizes several kinds of hormones; the adrenal glands alone produce more than 25 varieties. The total number of hormones is still unknown, but each has its unique function and its own chemical formula. After a hormone is discharged by its parent gland into the capillaries or the lymph, it may travel a circuitous path through the bloodstream to exert influence on cells, tissues, and organs (target organs) far removed from its site of origin.
One of the best-known endocrine hormones is insulin, a protein manufactured by the beta cells of the islands of Langerhans in the pancreas that is important in carbohydrate metabolism. Other important hormones are thyroxine, an iodine-carrying amino acid produced by the thyroid gland; cortisone, a member of the steroid family from the adrenal glands; and the sex hormones, estrogen from the ovaries and androgen from the testes. Certain hormone substances can be synthesized in the laboratory for treatment of human disease. Animal hormones can also be used, as endocrine hormones are to some extent interchangeable among species. Extracts from the pancreas of cattle, for example, enabled diabetes sufferers to live normal lives even before the chemistry of insulin was fully understood.
Endocrine hormone synthesis and secretion is controlled and regulated by a closed-loop system. Negative feedback loops maintain optimal levels of each hormone in the body. If there are abnormally high levels of a hormone in the blood, feedback to the gland responsible for its production inhibits secretion. If there are abnormally low levels, the gland is stimulated to step up production and secretion. In this way a homeostatic balance is maintained. (See also endocrine glands.)adrenocortical hormone 1. any of the corticosteroids secreted by the adrenal cortex, the major ones being the glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids, and including some androgens, progesterone, and estrogens.2. corticosteroid.adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) corticotropin.adrenomedullary h's substances secreted by the adrenal medulla, including epinephrine and norepinephrine.androgenic hormone androgen.anterior pituitary hormone any of the protein or polypeptide hormones secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland" >pituitary gland, including growth hormone, thyrotropin, prolactin, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, melanocyte-stimulating hormone, and corticotropin.antidiuretic hormone (ADH) vasopressin.corpus luteum hormone progesterone.cortical hormone corticosteroid.corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) a neuropeptide secreted by the median eminence of the hypothalamus that binds to specific receptors on the corticotroph cells of the anterior pituitary and stimulates the secretion of corticotropin.ectopic h's those secreted by tumors of nonendocrine tissues but having the same physiologic effects as their normally produced counterparts. It is not known exactly how the synthesis and secretion of endocrine hormones from nonendocrine tissues occurs. Most of these tumors are derived from tissues that have a common embryonic origin with endocrine tissues. When the cells undergo neoplastic transformation, they can revert to a more primitive stage of development and begin to synthesize hormones.
Ectopic hormones present serious problems for patients and add to the complexity of caring for those with certain kinds of neoplastic diseases. These hormones do not respond to the feedback mechanisms that regulate normal hormonal production; hence, surgery and destruction of the tumorous tissue by radiation and chemotherapy are the treatments of choice.estrogenic hormone estrogen.follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) one of the gonadotropins of the anterior pituitary, which stimulates the growth and maturity of graafian follicles in the ovary, and stimulates spermatogenesis in the male.follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone–releasing hormone (FSH/LH-RH) luteinizing hormone–releasing hormone.follicle-stimulating hormone–releasing hormone (FSH-RH) luteinizing hormone–releasing hormone.gonadotropic hormone gonadotropin.gonadotropin-releasing hormone (Gn-RH) luteinizing hormone–releasing hormone.growth hormone (GH) any of several related polypeptide hormones secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that directly influence protein, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism and control the rate of skeletal and visceral growth; their secretion is in part controlled by the hypothalamus. It is used pharmaceutically as somatrem and somatropin. Called also somatotrophin, somatotropin, and somatotrophic or somatotropic hormone.growth hormone release–inhibiting hormone somatostatin.growth hormone–releasing hormone (GH-RH) a neuropeptide elaborated by the median eminence of the hypothalamus that binds to specific receptors on the somatotroph cells of the anterior pituitary and stimulates the secretion of growth hormone.interstitial cell–stimulating hormone luteinizing hormone.lactation hormone (lactogenic hormone) prolactin.local hormone a substance with hormone like properties that acts at an anatomically restricted site; most are rapidly degraded. Called also autacoid and autocoid.luteinizing hormone (LH) a gonadotropin of the anterior pituitary gland, acting with follicle-stimulating hormone to cause ovulation of mature follicles and secretion of estrogen by thecal and granulosa cells of the ovary; it is also concerned with corpus luteum formation. In the male, it stimulates development of the interstitial cells of the testes and their secretion of testosterone. Called also interstitial cell–stimulating hormone.luteinizing hormone–releasing hormone (LH-RH) a decapeptide hormone of the hypothalamus, which stimulates the release of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone from the pituitary gland; it can be used in the differential diagnosis of hypothalamic, pituitary, and gonadal dysfunction. Called also follicle-stimulating hormone–releasing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone–releasing hormone, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone.melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) a substance from the anterior pituitary gland of certain other animals but not humans; it influences the formation or deposition of melanin in the body and pigmentation of the skin.neurohypophyseal h's those stored and released by the neurohypophysis, i.e., oxytocin and vasopressin.parathyroid hormone (PTH) a polypeptide hormone secreted by the parathyroid glands that influences calcium and phosphorus metabolism and bone formation.placental h's hormones secreted by the placenta, including chorionic gonadotropin, and other substances having estrogenic, progestational, or adrenocorticoid activity.progestational hormone 1. progesterone.2. progestational agent.prolactin-inhibiting hormone a hormone released by the hypothalamus that inhibits the secretion of prolactin by the anterior pituitary gland.prolactin-releasing hormone any of various hormones elaborated by the hypothalamus that stimulate the release of prolactin by the anterior pituitary gland. Most such activity is exerted by vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, although in humans hormone" >thyrotropin-releasing hormone can also have this action. sex h's see sex hormones.somatotrophic hormone (somatotropic hormone) growth hormone.somatotropin release–inhibiting hormone somatostatin.somatotropin-releasing hormone (SRH) growth hormone–releasing hormone.steroid h's hormones that are biologically active steroids; they are secreted by the cortex" >adrenal cortex, testis, ovary, and placenta and include the progestational agents, glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, androgens, and estrogens. They act by binding to specific receptors to form complexes, which then enhance or inhibit the expression of specific genes.thyroid h's see thyroid hormones.thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) thyrotropin.thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) a tripeptide hormone of the hypothalamus, which stimulates release of thyrotropin from the pituitary gland. In humans, it also acts as a prolactinreleasing factor. It is used in the diagnosis of mild hyperthyroidism and Graves disease, and in differentiating between primary, secondary, and tertiary hypothyroidism.lu·tro·pin (lū'trō-pin), One of two glycoprotein hormones that stimulate the final ripening of the follicles and the secretion of progesterone by them, their rupture to release the egg, and the conversion of the ruptured follicle into the corpus luteum. Synonym(s): interstitial cell-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, luteinizing principleluteinizing hormone (lo͞o′tē-ə-nī′zĭng)n. Abbr. LH A hormone produced by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that stimulates ovulation and the development of the corpus luteum in the female and the production of testosterone by the interstitial cells of the testis in the male.luteinizing hormone Interstitial cell stimulating hormone A glyocoprotein hormone/gonadotropin secreted by the anterior pituitary which, in ♀, is secreted cyclically, as is FSH; the cyclic release of LH–and FSH–is responsible for ovulation and transforms the ovarian/graafian follicle into a corpus luteum, which produces progesterone and estrogens; episodic LH release is linked to milk production; in ♂, continuous LH release stimulates testosterone release from the testes; LH and FSH act in concert to stimulate and maintain spermatogenesis; LH and FSH are measured for infertility in ♀, and testicular dysfunction in ♂. Cf FSH. lu·tro·pin (lū-trō'pin) A glycoprotein hormone that stimulates the final ripening of an ovarian follicle, its secretion of progesterone, its rupture to release the egg, and the conversion of the ruptured follicle into the corpus luteum.
Compare: bioregulator
Synonym(s): interstitial cell-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone. luteinizing hormone A hormone released by the PITUITARY GLAND that stimulates egg production (ovulation) from the ovary, in the female, and testosterone from the testicle, in the male. In men, rising blood levels of testosterone inhibit secretion of luteinizing hormone, while, in women, rising levels of oestradiol (estradiol) prompt an increased secretion of luteinizing hormone in the middle of the menstrual cycle.luteinizing hormone see LH.Luteinizing hormone (LH)A hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that regulates the menstrual cycle and triggers ovulation in females. In males it stimulates the testes to produce testosterone.Mentioned in: Pituitary Dwarfism, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Premature MenopauseAcronymsSeeLHluteinizing hormone
Related to luteinizing hormone: luteinizing hormone surge, follicle stimulating hormoneSynonyms for luteinizing hormonenoun a gonadotropic hormone that is secreted by the anterior pituitarySynonyms- ICSH
- interstitial cell-stimulating hormone
- LH
Related Words- gonadotrophic hormone
- gonadotrophin
- gonadotropic hormone
- gonadotropin
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