Mercury project

Mercury project

The pioneering US space project to orbit a manned craft, to investigate human reactions to and ability to adapt to the weightlessness of space, and to recover both astronauts and spacecraft. Mercury MR3, launched May 5 1961 by a Redstone rocket, carried the first American, Alan Shepard, into the upper atmosphere in a suborbital hop. The first true orbital flight was made by John Glenn in Mercury MA6, launched Feb. 20 1962 by an Atlas rocket. The longest flight, 34.3 hours, was made by Gordon Cooper in the last capsule in the series, Mercury MA9, launched May 15 1963. See also Apollo; Gemini project.