| 释义 |
meniscus
 meniscusanterior view of a knee jointme·nis·cus M0218100 (mə-nĭs′kəs)n. pl. me·nis·ci (-nĭs′ī, -kī, -kē) or me·nis·cus·es 1. A crescent-shaped body.2. A concavo-convex lens.3. The curved upper surface of a nonturbulent liquid in a container that is concave if the liquid wets the container walls and convex if it does not.4. A cartilage disk that acts as a cushion between the ends of bones that meet in a joint.
[New Latin, from Greek mēniskos, diminutive of mēnē, moon, month; see mē- in Indo-European roots.]
me·nis′cal (-kəl), me·nis′cate′ (-kăt′), me·nis′coid′ (-koid′), men′is·coi′dal (mĕn′ĭs-koid′l) adj.meniscus (mɪˈnɪskəs) n, pl -nisci (-ˈnɪsaɪ) or -niscuses1. (General Physics) the curved upper surface of a liquid standing in a tube, produced by the surface tension2. a crescent or half-moon-shaped body or design3. (Anatomy) a crescent-shaped fibrous cartilage between the bones at certain joints, esp at the knee4. (General Physics) a crescent-shaped lens; a concavo-convex or convexo-concave lens[C17: from New Latin, from Greek mēniskos crescent, diminutive of mēnē moon] meˈniscoid adjme•nis•cus (mɪˈnɪs kəs)
n., pl. -nis•ci (-ˈnɪs aɪ, -ˈnɪs kaɪ, -ki) -nis•cus•es. 1. a crescent or a crescent-shaped body. 2. the convex or concave upper surface of a column of liquid, the curvature of which is caused by surface tension. 3. a concavo-convex or convexo-concave lens. 4. a wedge of cartilage between the articulating ends of the bones in certain joints. [1685–95; < New Latin < Greek mēnískos crescent, diminutive of mḗnē moon] me·nis·cus (mə-nĭs′kəs)1. A lens that is concave on one side and convex on the other.2. The curved upper surface of a column of liquid. The surface is concave if the molecules of the liquid are attracted to the container walls and convex if they are not.3. A piece of cartilage shaped like a crescent and located at the junction of two bones in a joint, such as the knee. See more at joint.Thesaurus| Noun | 1. |  meniscus - (anatomy) a disk of cartilage that serves as a cushion between the ends of bones that meet at a jointsemilunar cartilagecartilage, gristle - tough elastic tissue; mostly converted to bone in adultsanatomy, general anatomy - the branch of morphology that deals with the structure of animals | | 2. | meniscus - (optics) a lens that is concave on one side and convex on the otherlens, lens system, lense - a transparent optical device used to converge or diverge transmitted light and to form imagesoptics - the branch of physics that studies the physical properties of light | | 3. | meniscus - (physics) the curved upper surface of a nonturbulent liquid in a vertical tubesurface - the outer boundary of an artifact or a material layer constituting or resembling such a boundary; "there is a special cleaner for these surfaces"; "the cloth had a pattern of red dots on a white surface"natural philosophy, physics - the science of matter and energy and their interactions; "his favorite subject was physics" |
TranslationsMeniskusμηνίσκοςmeniscoménisqueменискMeniscus
meniscus1. the curved upper surface of a liquid standing in a tube, produced by the surface tension 2. a crescent-shaped fibrous cartilage between the bones at certain joints, esp at the knee 3. a crescent-shaped lens; a concavo-convex or convexo-concave lens Meniscus the crescent-shaped inner and outer intraarticular cartilages in the knee joint. The menisci increase the congruence of the joint surfaces, making diversity of movement possible and softening the effect of impact. The menisci may be injured by forced movement connected with overextension of the joint (most often in athletes). When the menisci are detached, there is a sudden block of the joint; sharp pains result from strangulation of the detached parts and the impossibility of movement in the joint. Proper treatment (conservative or, when this proves unsuccessful, surgical) completely restores joint function. In other joints (for example, mandibular and radiocarpal) intraarticular cartilages with analagous functions are called disks.
Meniscus in optics, a concavo-convex or convexo-concave lens bounded by two spherical surfaces; such a lens is one of the most widely used types of lenses. A meniscus whose thickness is greater at the center than at the edges (positive meniscus) is a converging lens, and a meniscus whose thickness is greater at the edges than at the center (negative meniscus) is a diverging lens. Menisci are used in various optical systems, for example, in eyeglasses, in the objectives of motion-picture cameras and still cameras, and as attachment lenses that change the focal lengths of objectives. Meniscus systems have gained widespread use in applications that require a higher degree of correspondence between the optical image and the object, for example, in astronomy. In these systems, small distortions of the image introduced by the meniscus (aberrations) are compensated by aberrations introduced by other elements of the system. The result is that it is possible to obtain practically undistorted images. The inherent aberrations of the individual menisci may be reduced by the use of diaphragms (for example, in camera objectives, up to a relative aperture of 1:11).
Meniscus the curved free surface of a liquid near the contact between the liquid and the surface of a solid. For example, a meniscus is formed at the walls of vessels and in the channels and pores of spongy materials impregnated with liquids. A meniscus has a spherical shape in thin (capillary) tubes and a cylindrical shape in a sufficiently narrow gap between flat plates. The curvature of the meniscus is determined by the relationship between the forces of molecular interaction at the triple point of the three phases—solid, liquid, and gas (or vapor). A liquid that wets a given surface forms a concave meniscus, whereas a liquid that does not wet the surface forms a convex meniscus. In the first case, the mutual attraction between the molecules of the liquid (cohesion) is weaker than the attraction of the molecules of the liquid by the molecules of the surface of the solid (adhesion). Conversely, in the second case, the forces of cohesion exceed the forces of adhesion. The vapor pressure over a concave meniscus is less than, and that over a convex meniscus is more than, the vapor pressure over a plane liquid surface. This explains such phenomena as capillary condensation, capillary absorption of a liquid in porous and fibrous materials, and the rising and falling of liquids in thin pipes. meniscus[mə′nis·kəs] (anatomy) A crescent-shaped body, especially an interarticular cartilage. (fluid mechanics) The free surface of a liquid which is near the walls of a vessel and which is curved because of surface tension. (metallurgy) In reference to a solder joint, the minimum angle at which the solder tapers from the joint to the flat area. meniscus
meniscus [mĕ-nis´kus] (L.) something of crescent shape, as the concave or convex surface of a column of liquid in a pipet or medication cup, or a crescent-shaped fibrocartilage (semilunar cartilage) in the knee joint. adj., adj menis´cal. Measuring medication at the meniscus. From Lammon et al., 1996.me·nis·cus, pl. me·nis·ci (mĕ-nis'kŭs, mĕ-nis'sī), 1. Synonym(s): meniscus lens2. A crescentic intraarticular fibrocartilage found in certain joints. 3. A crescentic fibrocartilaginous structure of the knee and the acromioclavicular, sternoclavicular, and temporomandibular joints. [G. mēniskos, crescent] meniscus (mə-nĭs′kəs)n. pl. me·nisci (-nĭs′ī, -kī, -kē) or me·niscuses 1. A crescent-shaped body.2. A concavo-convex lens.3. The curved upper surface of a nonturbulent liquid in a container that is concave if the liquid wets the container walls and convex if it does not.4. A cartilage disk that acts as a cushion between the ends of bones that meet in a joint.
me·nis′cal (-kəl), me·nis′cate′ (-kăt′)(-koid′)(mĕn′ĭs-koid′l), me·nis′coid′ (-koid′)(mĕn′ĭs-koid′l), men′is·coi′dal (mĕn′ĭs-koid′l) adj.meniscus Either of two crescent-shaped cartilages atop the tibial plates that stabilise the knee, absorb shock, assist joint lubrication and limit joint flexion/extension.me·nis·cus, pl. menisci (mĕ-niśkŭs, -kī) [TA] 1. Synonym(s): meniscus lens. 2. [TA] Any crescent-shaped structure. 3. A crescent-shaped fibrocartilaginous structure of the knee, theacromio- and sternoclavicular and the temporomandibular joints. 4. The crescentic curvature of the surface of a liquid standing in a narrow vessel (e.g., pipette, burette). [G. mēniskos, crescent]meniscus - the top of a liquid column made either concave or convex by capillarity.
- an intervertebral disc of fibro-cartilage.
me·nis·cus, pl. menisci (mĕ-niskŭs, -kī) [TA] 1. [TA] Any crescent-shaped structure. 2. A crescent-shaped fibrocartilaginous structure of the knee, the acromio- and sternoclavicular and the temporomandibular joints. 3. The crescentic curvature of the surface of a liquid standing in a narrow vessel.
Synonym(s): meniscus lens. [G. mēniskos, crescent]Patient discussion about meniscusQ. I am scheduled for scope surgery for a torn meniscus on my knee and what is the duration for recovery? Has anyone had this surgery for a torn meniscus? How did you deal with this recovery?A. The recovery process is individual, and you cannot predict it in advance. I know someone who has done it and was able to go back to exercising regularly after 2 months. I would think the recovery from the surgery itself is a matter of few weeks until you can walk properly, however you should still give your knee a break and rest for a while after. More discussions about meniscusmeniscus
Related to meniscus: meniscus tearSynonyms for meniscusnoun (anatomy) a disk of cartilage that serves as a cushion between the ends of bones that meet at a jointSynonymsRelated Words- cartilage
- gristle
- anatomy
- general anatomy
noun (optics) a lens that is concave on one side and convex on the otherRelated Words- lens
- lens system
- lense
- optics
noun (physics) the curved upper surface of a nonturbulent liquid in a vertical tubeRelated Words- surface
- natural philosophy
- physics
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