Kuialnik Stage
Kuial’nik Stage
(named after the Kuial’nik Estuary near Odessa), the lower part of the Upper Pliocene in the Black Sea basin, identified by the Russian geologist G. P. Mikhailovskii in 1909. It is represented by sands, clays, and coquinas containing Pachydacna kujalnicensis Andrus, Didacnomya vulgaris Sinz, Dreissena Theodori kubanica Krest, and other organic remains, deposited in an isolated salt-water basin. The stage is widely found in the Odessa and Crimean oblasts of the Ukrainian SSR, in Krasnodar Krai of the RSFSR, and in the Caucasus on the Black Sea coast.