Kolyvan

an urban-type settlement in Kur’ia Raion, Altai Krai, RSFSR, located on the slopes of the Kolyvan’ Range 80 km southeast of Pospelikha station on the Barnaul-Semipalatinsk railroad line. Kolyvan’ arose in the first half of the 18th century with the construction of the Kolyvan’-Voskresene’ Copper and Silver Smelting Works, which existed until 1799. In 1786, a grinding mill (after 1802 a grinding and polishing works) began to make ornamental items (vases, fireplaces, and columns) for palaces, often based on designs by G. Quarenghi, A. N. Voronikhin, and C. Rossi. (The best examples of this work are preserved in the Hermitage in Leningrad.) The present-day successor to the factory is the I. I. Polzunov Stone-cutting Plant, which processes jasper, porphyrites, quartzites, and marble for technical and artistic items; a museum is at the plant.

an urban-type settlement and the administrative center of the Kolyvan’ Raion, Novosibirsk Oblast, RSFSR, located on the Chaus River (Ob’ basin), 45 km north of Novosibirsk. Kolyvan’ has a creamery, a factory producing wicker articles, and an agricultural technicum.

the Old Russian name for the city of Tallinn (found as such in sources dating from the 12th through the 17th century). The name “Kolyvan’ “ is evidently linked with Kalev, the hero of an Estonian folk epic.

a well-drained freshwater lake at the foot of the northern slope of the Kolyvan’ Mountains, in Altai Krai, RSFSR. Lake Kolyvan’ has an area of 4.2 sq km (4 km long and 2 km wide). Its depth reaches 28 m. Weathering has produced fantastic forms in the coastal cliffs, and a relict water chestnut grows successfully in the lake.

a mountain range in the northwestern Altai, in Altai Krai, RSFSR. The Kolyvan’ Range is about 100 km long. Elevations in the eastern part of the range vary from 600–800 m to 1,206 m (at Mt. Siniukha). The mountains of the western section are 400–500 m high. The mountains are composed of granites, schists, lavas, and tuff, with deposits of polymetals, jasper, prophyrites, and quartzites. The gentle slopes in the east are covered with aspen and fir and occasional pine forests; this changes in the west to shrub meadows and grassy and feathergrass steppes.