| 单词 | louis xviii |
| 释义 | Louis XVIIILouis XVIII1755-1824.Louis XVIIILouis XVIIILouis XVIII,1755–1824, king of France (1814–24), brother of King Louis XVILouis XVI,1754–93, king of France (1774–92), third son of the dauphin (Louis) and Marie Josèphe of Saxony, grandson and successor of King Louis XV. In 1770 he married the Austrian archduchess Marie Antoinette. ..... Click the link for more information. . Known as the comte de Provence, he fled (1791) to Koblenz from the French Revolution and intrigued to bring about foreign intervention against the revolutionaries. He was recognized as king by the émigrés after the death (1795) of Louis XVII. He passed his exile on the Continent and in England. With the assistance of Charles de TalleyrandTalleyrand or Talleyrand-Périgord, Charles Maurice de , 1754–1838, French statesman and diplomat. ..... Click the link for more information. , he was restored (1814) to the French throne by the allies after their entry into Paris. He adopted a conciliatory policy toward the former revolutionists and granted a constitutional charter. Forced to flee once more on the news of the return of Napoleon I, he returned with the allies (1815) after the defeat at Waterloo had ended Napoleon's rule of a Hundred DaysHundred Days, name given to the period after the return of the deposed French emperor, Napoleon I, from Elba. The Hundred Days are counted from Mar. 20, 1815, when Napoleon arrived in Paris, to June 28, 1815, when Louis XVIII was restored for the second time as king, following ..... Click the link for more information. . His chief ministers were at first moderates—Armand Emmanuel, duc de RichelieuRichelieu, Armand Emmanuel du Plessis, duc de , 1766–1822, French statesman. An émigré from the French Revolution, he served Russia as governor of Odessa (1803) and of the Crimea (1805). ..... Click the link for more information. , and Élie DecazesDecazes, Élie , 1780–1860, French statesman, a favorite of King Louis XVIII, who made him a duke in 1820. A lawyer and judge, Decazes was made minister of police in 1815 and was influential in the French government even before he became (1819) premier. ..... Click the link for more information. —but the ultraroyalists, led by Louis's brother, the comte d'Artois (later Charles XCharles X, 1757–1836, king of France (1824–30); brother of King Louis XVI and of King Louis XVIII, whom he succeeded. As comte d'Artois he headed the reactionary faction at the court of Louis XVI. ..... Click the link for more information. ), triumphed after the assassination (1820) of the count's son, Charles Ferdinand, duc de Berry. Louis, then old and suffering from gout, allowed the ultraroyalists to take control. The new ministry headed by the comte de VillèleVillèle, Jean Baptiste Séraphin Joseph, comte de , 1773–1854, French statesman and premier (1822–28). Elected (1815) a deputy after the Bourbon restoration, he became leader of the extreme royalists in the chamber of deputies. ..... Click the link for more information. was thoroughly reactionary. Electoral laws were revised to increase the influence of the wealthy classes, and civil liberties were curbed. This trend continued and was intensified during the reign (1824–30) of his successor, Charles X. See RestorationRestoration, in French history, the period from 1814 to 1830. It began with the first abdication of Emperor Napoleon I and the return of the Bourbon king, Louis XVIII, but was interrupted (1815) by Napoleon's return (the Hundred Days). ..... Click the link for more information. , in French history. Louis XVIII |
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