| 释义 |
Medical Specialties Medical SpecialtiesSee also anatomy; disease and illness; drugs; health; remedies; surgery.
adenographythe science of the description of glands. — adenographic, adj.adenologythe branch of medicine concerned with the study of the glands. — adenological, adj. — adenologist, n.aeromedicinethe medical specialty concerned with the health of those engaged in flying within the earth’s atmosphere.allergista physician who specializes in the treatment of allergies.allergologythe branch of medicine dealing with the study of allergies. — allergologist, n.anaplastyObsolete, any restorative or plastic surgery.anatomythe study and description of the body. — anatomist, n. — anatomie, adj.anesthesiology, anaesthesiologythe branch of medical science that studies anesthesia and anesthetics. — anesthesiologist, anaesthesiologist, anesthetist, anaesthetist, n.arthrographythe branch of anatomy dealing with the description of the joints.arthrologythe study and treatment of the joints.audiology1. the branch of medical science that studies hearing, especially impaired hearing.
2. the treatment of persons with impaired hearing. — audiologist, n.autophonya form of auscultation in which the practitioner learns the condition of the patient’s chest from the way in which his own voice is modified as he speaks against the chest. See also deafness.bacterioscopythe study or examination of bacteria using a microscope. — bacterioscopist, n.biopsythe removal of a fragment of living tissue from the body for medical study. — bioptic, adj.bioscopythe process of examining a body to find out if it is alive.cardiologythe study, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases of the heart and blood vessels. — cardiologist, n. — cardiological, adj.choledologya medical treatise on bile.chondrologythe branch of medical science that studies cartilages.dentistrythe science and profession that treats the diseases and malformations of the teeth, gums, and mouth. — dentist, n.dermatologista physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the skin and integument.desmopathologythe study of diseases that affect the ligaments or tendons.diagnosticsthe branch of medical science that deals with diagnosis.electrophysiologythe branch of physiology that concerns itself with the electrical phenomena of living organisms. — electrophysiological, adj.electrotherapeuticsthe treatment of disease by electrical shock and other techniques using electricity. Also called electrotherapy. — electrotherapeutic, electrotherapeutical, adj.electrotherapyelectrotherapeutics. — electrotherapist, n.emetologythe study of agents that cause vomiting. — emetic, n., adj.emmenologythat branch of medicine that deals with menstruation and its related disorders. — emmenologist, n.endocrinologythe branch of medical science concerned with endocrine glands and their secretions. — endocrinologist, n. — endocrinologie, endocrinological, adj.endodontista dentist who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and injuries of the pulp and periapical tissues of the teeth.enterologythe study of the intestines. — enterologic, enterological, adj. — enterologist, n.epidemiology1. the study of the relationships of the various factors determining the frequency and distribution of diseases in a human community.
2. the field of medicine that attempts to determine the exact causes of localized outbreaks of disease. — epidemiologist, n. — epidemiologie, epidemiological, adj.exodontista dentist who specializes in the extraction of teeth.Galenismthe medical system of Galen, a blend of humoralism and Pythagorean number lore. — galenic, adj.gastroenterologista physician, usually an internist, who specializes in diseases of the stomach, intestine and associated organs.gastrologythe study of stomach functions and disorders. — gastrologist, gastrologer, n. — gastrological, adj.geriatriciana physician who specializes in the care of the elderly.geriatrics1. the science dealing with the diseases, debilities, and care of aged persons.
2. the study of the physical process and problems of aging; gerontology. — geriatrie, adj. — geriatrist, geriatrician, geriatry, n.gerodonticsa dental specialty concerned with the care and treatment of the dental problems of the aged. — gerodontist, n.gynecologista physician who specializes in the care, diagnosis, and treatment of disorders of the female reproductive system.helcologythe branch of medical science that studies ulcers. — helcologist, n.heparologythe branch of medical science that studies the liver. — heparologist, n.hepatologythe study and treatment of the liver. — hepatologist, n. — hepatological, adj.herniologyPathology. 1. the study and treatment of hernias.
2. a work on hernias. — herniologist, n. — herniologic, herniological, adj.heterology1. an abnormality in tissue structure, arrangement, or manner of formation.
2. the study of abnormalities in tissue structure or organization. — heterologous, adj.hysterologyscientific study of the uterus.iamatologythe branch of medicine that deals with remedies.iatrology1. the science of medicine or healing.
2. Rare. a treatise on medicine and physicians.immunogenetics1. the branch of immunology that studies immunity in relation to genetic formation.
2. the study of genetic relationships between animals by comparing immunological reactions. — immunogenetic, adj.immunologythe branch of biomedical science that studies immunity from disease and the production of such immunity. — immunologist, n. — immunologie, immunological, adj.industrialista physician who specializes in industrial medical problems.internista physician who specializes in the diagnosis and nonsurgical treatment of disease.ischidrosissuppression of the process of perspiration.kinesiatricsthe branch of medicine that concerns itself with muscular exercise as a cure for disease. Also called kinesipathy.laryngologythe study and treatment of the larynx. — laryngologist, n. — laryngological, adj.leprologythe brand of medical science that studies leprosy and its treatment. — leprologist, n.lingismRare. a gymnastic treatment for disease, named after a Swedish physician, Peter H. Ling.lymphographya description of the origin and function of the lymphatic system.merologythe study and treatment of body fluids and elementary tissues.naprapathya healing system based on the theory that disease or illness is caused by strained ligaments and other problems of connective tissue and can be treated by massage. — naprapath, n.neonatologythe art and science of diagnosis and treatment of the newborn. — neonatologist, n.nephrologythe branch of medical science that studies the kidneys. — nephrologist, n.neurologista physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the nerves and nervous system.neuromechanismthe structure and arrangement of the nervous system in relation to function.neuropatha physician who specializes in diseases or disorders of the nerves. Also neuropathist.neuropathologythe branch of medicine that studies and treats the morphological and other features of nervous system disease. — neuropathologist, n. — neuropathologic, neuropathological, adj.obstetricsthe branch of medicine that specializes in care of women before, during and after childbirth. — obstetrician, n. — obstetric, obstetrical, adj.oncology1. the study of tumors.
2. the totality of medical knowledge concerning tumors. — oncologist, n. — oncologic, adj.ophthalmologythe medical specialty that studies and treats diseases of the eye. — ophthalmologist, n. — ophthalmological, adj.opotherapythe treatment of illness and disease with extracts made from certain glands of animals, as the thyroid or adrenal glands. Also called organotherapy.organicism1. the theory that all symptoms are due to organic disease.
2. the theory that each of the organs of the body has its own special constitution. — organicist, n. — organicistic, adj.organotherapyopotherapy.orthodonticsthe branch of dentistry that specializes in treatment of malformed teeth and oral problems. — orthodontist, n. — orthodontic, adj.orthopathythe treatment of illness or disease without the use of drugs.orthopedicsthe branch of surgery that is specially concerned with the preservation and restoration of function of the skeletal system, its articulations, and associated structures. — orthopedist, n. — orthopedic, adj.orthopraxy, orthopraxisthe use of mechanical apparatus or devices to correct bodily deformities.orthopsychiatrythe branch of psychiatry that deals with incipient disorders of mind and conduct, especially in childhood and youth. — orthopsychiatrist, n. — orthopsychiatric, orthopsychiatrical, adj.osteology1. the scientific study of bones and their diseases.
2. the totality of medical knowledge concerning the bones of the skeletal system. Also called skeletology. — osteologist, n. — osteologie, osteological, adj.osteopathya medical specialty that emphasizes manipulation of the skeleton to treat illnesses. — osteopath, n. — osteopathie, adj.otolaryngologythe medical practice dealing with the ear, nose, and throat; otology and laryngology combined for medical study or practice. — otolaryngologist, n. — otolaryngological, adj.otologythe medical specialty that studies and treats diseases of the ear. — otologist, n. — otological, adj.otorhinolaryngologyotolaryngology. — otorhinolaryngologist, n. — otorhino-laryngologic, otorhinolaryngological, adj.pathognomythe study of the signs that reveal certain physical conditions. — pathognomonic, adj.pathologythe branch of medicine that specializes in the study of disease. — pathologist, n.pediatricsthe branch of medicine that specializes in the care of infants, children and adolescents. — pediatrician, n. — pediatrie, adj.pedodonticsthe branch of dentistry that specializes in the care of children’s teeth. — pedodontist, n. — pedodontic, adj.pharmacomaniaa mania for medicines.pharyngologyPhysiology. the study and treament of the pharynx. — pharyngologist, n. — pharyngological, adj.phonocardiographystethography, def. 2.physiatricsthe medical use of natural, nonmanufactured agents. — physiatrical, adj.physiatrista physician who specializes in the use of physical therapy for treatment or rehabilitation following disease, trauma, or surgery.physiology1. the branch of medical science that studies the functions of living organisms or their parts.
2. the organic processes or functions of an organism or any of its parts. — physiologist, n. — physiologic, physiological, adj.pneodynamicsthe study of the forces involved in respiration.pneumatographya procedure for tracing the movements of the chest in respiration, obtained with a pneumatograph. — pneumatogram, n.posology1. the science of medicinal dosage.
2. a system of dosage. — posologic, posological, adj.proctologythe branch of medicine concerned with the disorders of the rectum and anus. — proctologist, n. — proctologic, proctological, adj.prostheticsthe branch of surgery dealing with the replacement of missing limbs or organs with artificial substitutes. — prosthetic, adj.psychiatrythe branch of medicine that is concerned with the study, treatment, and prevention of mental illness, using both medical and psychological therapies. — psychiatrist, n. — psychiatrie, adj.psychopathology1. the branch of medicine that studies the causes and nature of mental disease.
2. the pathology of mental disease. — psychopathologist, n. — psychopathologie, psychopathological, adj.psychopharmacologythe study of drugs that effect emotional and mental states. — psychopharmacologic, psychopharmacological, adj.psychosomaticsthe branch of medical science that studies the relation between psychical and emotional states and physical symptoms. — psychosomaticist, n. — psychosomatic, adj.radiologythe medical specialty involving the use of radiation for diagnosis and therapy. — radiologist, n. — radiologie, radiological, adj.radiotherapythe treatment of diseases, especially malignant cancer, with radium or other radioactive substances. Also called radium therapy.radiothermya form of therapy using heat from a shortwave radio or diathermy apparatus.roentgenology, röntgenologythe science and use of x rays, especially in the diagnosis and treatment of illness and disease. — roentgenologist, röntgenologist, n.roentgenotherapy, röntgenotherapytreatment of disease and illness by means of x rays.sarcologyArchaic. the anatomy of the soft parts of the body. Cf. osteology.serology1. the science of the preparation and use of serums.
2. the study of serums. — serologist, n. — serological, adj.serotherapytreatment of illness or disease by means of serum obtained from inoculated animals.spirometrythe measurement of the breathing capacity of the lungs. — spirometer, n.stethography1. the use of a recording instrument to register movements of the chest.
2. the use of an instrument to record sounds made by the action of the heart. Also called phonocardiography. — stethographic, adj.stomatologythe branch of medicine concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the mouth. — stomatologist, n. — stomatologic, stomatological, adj.syndesmologythe anatomy of the ligaments of the body; the science or study of ligaments.tenographythe scientific description of the tendons. — tenographic, tenographical, adj.tenologythe study and treatment of the tendons.thereologythe art of healing. — thereologist, n.toxicologythe scientific study of poisons, their detection and actions, and the treatment of the conditions they cause. — toxicologist, n. — toxicologie, toxicological, adj.traumatologythe science of wounds and their treatment. — traumatologist, n.urethroscopythe use of the urethroscope to examine the urethra.urinologyurology, def. 2.urinometrymeasurement of the specific gravity of urine, by means of an urinometer.urinoscopy, uroscopyexamination of the urine for diagnostic purposes. — urinoscopic, uroscopic, adj.urology1. a treatise on urine.
2. the branch of medicine that studies diseases of the kidneys, of the urinary tract, etc. Also called urinology.
3. Obsolete, the study of the composition and production of urine. — urologist, n. — urologie, urological, adj.venereologythe study of the diseases that are communicated by sexual intercourse. — venereologist, n. — venereological, adj.virologythe branch of medical science that studies viruses and the diseases they cause. — virologist, n. — virological, adj. |