释义 |
management
man·age·ment M0070600 (măn′ĭj-mənt)n.1. The act, manner, or practice of managing; handling, supervision, or control: management of factory workers.2. The person or persons who control or direct a business or other enterprise.3. Skill in managing; executive ability.management (ˈmænɪdʒmənt) n1. (Industrial Relations & HR Terms) the members of the executive or administration of an organization or business. See also line management, middle management, top management2. (Industrial Relations & HR Terms) managers or employers collectively3. the technique, practice, or science of managing, controlling or dealing with: anger management. 4. the skilful or resourceful use of materials, time, etc5. (Medicine) the specific treatment of a disease, disorder, etcman•age•ment (ˈmæn ɪdʒ mənt) n. 1. the act or process of managing. 2. skill in managing; executive ability. 3. the persons controlling and directing an enterprise; executives. 4. such persons considered as a class (disting. from labor). [1590–1600] man`age•men′tal (-ˈmɛn tl) adj. management- manage - Once a noun meaning "age at which one becomes a man."
- sui juris - "Legally competent to manage one's own affairs."
- agronomy - The management and husbandry of land.
- improvement - Its early spelling was emprowement, meaning "profit, profitable use or management."
ThesaurusNoun | 1. | management - the act of managing something; "he was given overall management of the program"; "is the direction of the economy a function of government?"directionsocial control - control exerted (actively or passively) by group actionconducting - the direction of an orchestra or choir; "he does not use a baton for conducting"database management - creation and maintenance of a databasefinance - the management of money and credit and banking and investmentshomemaking - the management of a householdmisconduct - bad or dishonest management by persons supposed to act on another's behalfmismanagement, misdirection - management that is careless or inefficient; "he accomplished little due to the mismanagement of his energies"treatment, handling - the management of someone or something; "the handling of prisoners"; "the treatment of water sewage"; "the right to equal treatment in the criminal justice system"superintendence, supervising, supervision, oversight - management by overseeing the performance or operation of a person or groupadministration, disposal - a method of tending to or managing the affairs of a some group of people (especially the group's business affairs)empowerment, authorisation, authorization - the act of conferring legality or sanction or formal warrantdisenfranchisement - the act of withdrawing certification or terminating a franchisechannelisation, channelization, canalisation, canalization - management through specified channels of communicationsteering, guidance - the act of guiding or showing the way | | 2. | management - those in charge of running a businessgovernance, governing body, organisation, administration, brass, establishment, organization - the persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body for the purpose of administering something; "he claims that the present administration is corrupt"; "the governance of an association is responsible to its members"; "he quickly became recognized as a member of the establishment"board of directors, directorate - a group of persons chosen to govern the affairs of a corporation or other large institutionhouse - the management of a gambling house or casino; "the house gets a percentage of every bet" |
managementnoun1. administration, control, rule, government, running, charge, care, operation, handling, direction, conduct, command, guidance, supervision, manipulation, governance, superintendence the responsibility for its day-to-day management2. directors, board, executive(s), bosses (informal), administration, employers, directorate The management is doing its best to control the situation.managementnoun1. Authoritative control over the affairs of others:administration, direction, government, superintendence, supervision.2. The careful guarding of an asset:conservancy, conservation, husbandry, preservation.3. An act or instance of guiding:direction, guidance, lead, leadership.Translationsmanage (ˈmӕnidʒ) verb1. to be in control or charge of. My lawyer manages all my legal affairs / money. 處理, 管理 处理2. to be manager of. James manages the local football team. 經營, 領導 经营3. to deal with, or control. She's good at managing people. 應付﹐控管 管理,控制 4. to be able to do something; to succeed or cope. Will you manage to repair your bicycle?; Can you manage (to eat) some more meat? 設法做到﹐盡力而為 设法对付,勉力完成 ˈmanageable adjective (negative unmanageable). 1. that can be controlled. The children are not very manageable. 易管理的 易管理的2. that can be done. Are you finding this work manageable? 易辦的,可應付的 易办的,可做到的 ˌmanageaˈbility noun 易管理,易處理 易处理ˈmanagement noun1. the art of managing. The management of this company is a difficult task. 管理 管理2. or noun plural the managers of a firm etc as a group. The management has/have agreed to pay the workers more. 資方,管理階層 资方,管理人员 ˈmanager – feminine ˌmanageˈress – noun a person who is in charge of eg a business, football team etc. the manager of the new store. 經理 经理management
seagull managementbusiness slang A management style or approach in which the manager only becomes involved in a matter when a problem is perceived to have arisen, especially when they have little other knowledge about said matter and only cause more problems as a result of their involvement. I'm sick of this new boss's seagull management. If he would just let us get on with our work instead of swooping in every time there's a hiccup, we'd nearly be finished by now!See also: management, seagullproject managementIn business, the process of organizing, planning, and executing a particular project. You can take all the training seminars you want, but at the end of the day, project management is the art of getting things done with whatever resources you have.See also: management, projecttalent managementThe area of a business that focuses on retaining current employees and hiring new, exemplary candidates. Talent management is a crucial part of any successful business.See also: management, talentSee management See managementmanagement
management [man´ij-ment] the process of controlling how something is done or used.acid-base management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as the promotion of acid-base balance" >acid-base balance and prevention of complications resulting from acid-base imbalance.acid-base management: metabolic acidosis in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as the promotion of acid-base balance and prevention of complications resulting from serum bicarbonate levels lower than desired. See also acidosis" >metabolic acidosis.acid-base management: metabolic alkalosis in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as the promotion of acid-base balance and prevention of complications resulting from serum bicarbonate levels higher than desired. See also metabolic alkalosis.acid-base management: respiratory acidosis in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as the promotion of acid-base balance and prevention of complications resulting from serum pCO2 levels higher than desired. See also acidosis" >respiratory acidosis.acid-base management: respiratory alkalosis in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as the promotion of acid-base balance and prevention of complications resulting from serum pCO2 levels lower than desired. See also respiratory alkalosis.airway management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as insertion or assisting with insertion and stabilization of an artificial airway" >airway. See also management" >artificial airway management.allergy management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as the identification, treatment, and prevention of allergic responses to food, medications, insect bites, contrast material, blood or other substances.anaphylaxis management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as the promotion of adequate ventilation and tissue perfusion for a patient with severe allergic (antigen-antibody) reaction.artificial airway management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as the maintenance of endotracheal and tracheostomy tubes and preventing complications associated with their use. See also management" >airway management.behavior management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as helping a patient to manage negative behavior" >behavior.behavior management: overactivity/inattention in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as the provision of a therapeutic milieu which safely accommodates the patient's attention deficit and/or overactivity while promoting optimal function.behavior management: self-harm in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as assisting the patient to decrease or eliminate self-mutilating or self-abusive behavior.behavior management: sexual in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as delineation and prevention of socially unacceptable sexual behaviors.bowel management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as establishment and maintenance of a regular pattern of bowel elimination.case management 1. an approach to health care delivery that focuses on the complex needs of the patient and emphasizes the coordination and prioritization of all needed services. See also manager" >case manager.2. in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as coordinating care and advocating for specified individuals and patient populations across settings to reduce cost, reduce resource use, improve quality of health care, and achieve desired outcomes.case management (omaha) in the omaha system, an intervention on the first level of the intervention scheme, defined as nursing activities of coordination, advocacy, and referral that involve facilitating service delivery on behalf of the client, communicating with health and human services providers, promoting assertive client communication, and guiding the client toward use of appropriate community resources.cerebral edema management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as limitation of secondary cerebral injury resulting from swelling of brain tissue. See also edema" >cerebral edema.chemotherapy management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as assisting the patient and family to understand the action and minimize side effects of chemotherapy" >chemotherapy with antineoplastic agents.code management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as coordination of emergency measures to sustain life.communicable disease management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as working with a community to decrease and manage the incidence and prevalence of contagious diseases in a specific population.constipation/impaction management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as the prevention and alleviation of constipation" >constipation and fecal impaction" >fecal impaction.delirium management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as provision of a safe and therapeutic environment for the patient who is experiencing an acute confusional state; see also delirium.delusion management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as promoting the comfort, safety, and reality orientation of a patient experiencing false, fixed beliefs that have little or no basis in reality. See also delusion" >delusion.dementia management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as provision of a modified environment for the patient who is experiencing a chronic confusional state; see also dementia.diarrhea management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as the prevention and alleviation of diarrhea" >diarrhea.dysreflexia management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as prevention and elimination of stimuli that cause hyperactive reflexes and inappropriate autonomic responses in a patient with a cervial or high thoracic cord lesion. See also dysreflexia.dysrhythmia management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as preventing, recognizing, and facilitating treatment of abnormal cardiac rhythms. See also dysrhythmia.eating disorders management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as prevention and treatment of severe diet restriction and overexercising or bingeing and purging of food and fluids. See also eating disorder.electrolyte management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as promotion of electrolyte" >electrolyte balance and prevention of complications resulting from abnormal or undesired serum electrolyte levels.electrolyte management: hypercalcemia in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as promotion of calcium balance and prevention of complications resulting from serum calcium levels higher than desirable. See also hypercalcemia" >hypercalcemia.electrolyte management: hyperkalemia in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as promotion of potassium balance and prevention of complications resulting from serum potassium levels higher than desirable. See also hyperkalemia" >hyperkalemia.electrolyte management: hypermagnesemia in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as promotion of magnesium balance and prevention of complications resulting from serum magnesium levels higher than desirable. See also hypermagnesemia" >hypermagnesemia.electrolyte management: hypernatremia in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as promotion of sodium balance and prevention of complications resulting from serum sodium levels higher than desirable. See also hypernatremia" >hypernatremia.electrolyte management: hyperphosphatemia in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as promotion of phosphate balance and prevention of complications resulting from serum phosphate levels higher than desirable. See also hyperphosphatemia" >hyperphosphatemia.electrolyte management: hypocalcemia in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as promotion of calcium balance and prevention of complications resulting from serum calcium levels lower than desirable. See also hypocalcemia" >hypocalcemia.electrolyte management: hypokalemia in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as promotion of potassium balance and prevention of complications resulting from serum potassium levels lower than desirable. See also hypokalemia" >hypokalemia.electrolyte management: hypomagnesemia in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as promotion of magnesium balance and prevention of complications resulting from serum magnesium levels lower than desirable. See also hypomagnesemia" >hypomagnesemia.electrolyte management: hyponatremia in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as promotion of sodium balance and prevention of complications resulting from serum sodium levels lower than desirable. See also hyponatremia" >hyponatremia.electrolyte management: hypophosphatemia in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as promotion of phosphate balance and prevention of complications resulting from serum phosphate levels lower than desirable. See also hypophosphatemia" >hypophosphatemia.energy management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as regulating energy use to treat or prevent fatigue and optimize function.environmental management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as manipulation of the patient's surroundings for therapeutic benefit.environmental management: attachment process in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as manipulation of the patient's surroundings to facilitate the development of the parent-infant relationship.environmental management: comfort in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as manipulation of the patient's surroundings for promotion of optimal comfort.environmental management: community in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as monitoring and influencing of the physical, social, cultural, economic, and political conditions that affect the health of groups and communities.environmental management: home preparation in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as preparing the home for safe and effective delivery of care.environmental management: safety in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as monitoring and manipulation of the physical environment to promote safety.environmental management: violence prevention in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as monitoring and manipulation of the physical environment to decrease the potential for violent behavior directed toward self, others, or environment.environmental management: worker safety in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as monitoring and manipulation of the worksite environment to promote safety and health of workers.fiscal resource management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as procuring and directing the use of financial resources to assure the development and continuation of programs and services.fluid management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as the promotion of fluid balance and prevention of complications resulting from abnormal or undesired fluid levels.fluid/electrolyte management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as the regulation and prevention of complications from altered fluid and/or electrolyte levels.hallucination management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as promoting the safety, comfort, and reality orientation of a patient experiencing hallucinations" >hallucinations.hyperglycemia management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as preventing and treating above-normal glucose levels. See also hyperglycemia" >hyperglycemia.hypervolemia management in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as the reduction in extracellular and/or intracellular fluid volume and prevention of complications in a patient who is fluid overloaded. See also hypervolemia" >hypervolemia.hypoglycemia management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as preventing and treating low blood glucose levels. See also hypoglycemia.hypovolemia management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as the expansion of intravascular fluid volume in a patient whose volume is depleted. See also hypovolemia.immunization/vaccination management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as monitoring immunization status, facilitating access to immunizations, and provision of immunizations to prevent communicable disease.ineffective community therapeutic regimen management a nursing diagnosis accepted by the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association, defined as a pattern of regulating and integrating into community processes of programs for treatment of illness and the sequelae of illness that are unsatisfactory for meeting health-related goals.ineffective family therapeutic regimen management a nursing diagnosis accepted by the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association, defined as a pattern of regulating and integrating into family processes of a program for treatment of illness and its sequelae that is unsatisfactory for meeting specific health goals for a family member.ineffective therapeutic regimen management a nursing diagnosis accepted by the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association, defined as a pattern of regulation and integration into daily living of a treatment program for illness and its sequelae that is unsatisfactory for meeting specific health goals.medication management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as facilitation of safe and effective use of prescription and over-the-counter drugs.mood management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as providing for safety and stabilization of a patient who is experiencing a dysfunctionally depressed mood" >mood or elevated mood.nausea management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as prevention and alleviation of nausea.nutrition management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as assisting with or providing a balanced dietary intake of foods and fluids.pain management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as alleviation of pain" >pain or a reduction in pain to a level of comfort that is acceptable to the patient.peripheral sensation management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as prevention or minimization of injury or discomfort in the patient with altered sensation.pessary management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as placement and monitoring of a vaginal device for treating stress urinary incontinence, uterine retroversion, genital prolapse, or incompetent cervix. See also pessary.pressure management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as minimizing pressure to body parts.program management a system of care" >health care delivery in an institution or agency whereby staff are divided by broad patient categories rather than by professional groups.pruritus management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as preventing and treating itching.radiation therapy management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as assisting the patient to understand and minimize the side effects of radiation treatments. See also radiation therapy" >radiation therapy.rectal prolapse management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as the prevention and/or manual reduction of prolapse" >rectal prolapse.reproductive technology management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as assisting a patient through the steps of complex infertility treatment.risk management the assessment and removal or control of hazard to patients, employees, or institutions.seizure management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as care of a patient during a seizure" >seizure and the postictal state.shock management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as facilitation of the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to systemic tissue with removal of cellular waste products in a patient with severely altered tissue perfusion. See also shock.shock management: cardiac in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as the promotion of adequate tissue perfusion for a patient with severely compromised pumping function of the heart.shock management: vasogenic in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as the promotion of adequate tissue perfusion for a patient with severe loss of vascular tone.shock management: volume in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as the promotion of adequate tissue perfusion for a patient with severely compromised intravascular volume. See also shock" >hypovolemic shock.specimen management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as obtaining, preparing, and preserving a specimen for a laboratory test.stress management in the omaha system, physical and emotional activities that immunize the body from known stressors.supply management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as ensuring acquisition and maintenance of appropriate items for providing care.technology management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as the use of technical equipment and devices to monitor patient condition or sustain life.time management the effective planning and balancing of activities such as self-care, work, leisure, and rest in order to promote satisfaction and health.unilateral neglect management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as protecting and safely reintegrating the affected part of the body while helping the patient adapt to disturbed perceptual abilities. See also neglect" >unilateral neglect.urinary elimination management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as the maintenance of an optimum urinary elimination pattern. See also urination" >urination.vomiting management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as prevention and alleviation of vomiting.weight management in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as facilitating maintenance of optimal weight and percent body fat.man·age·ment (man'ăj-ment), Oversight or direction of process or entity.management Medspeak-UK Those activities that descend from the top of a structured organisation, in which each member has a prescribed role directed towards achieving aims and objectives by influencing the efforts of others. Medspeak-US The task of enabling people capable of joint performance through common goals, common values, the appropriate structure and, via training and development, supporting people to perform and to be able to respond to change.management Medtalk The control of an activity or enterprise by direction or persuasion. See Care management, Case management, Computer-assisted therapeutics management, Demand management, Disease management, Hierarchical storage management, Image management, Knowledge management, Multispecialty management, Nurse case management, Online disease management, Outcomes management, Population health management, Process management, Risk management, Solid waste management, Stress management, Supply chain management, Surgical blood management, Utilization management, Workflow management. man·age·ment (man'ăj-mĕnt) The process of supervising or controlling the affairs or activities of a group. [It. maneggiare, to control, fr. L. manus, hand]man·age·ment (man'ăj-mĕnt) The process of supervising or controlling the affairs or activities of a group. [It. maneggiare, to control, fr. L. manus, hand]Patient discussion about managementQ. How you all manage with the taste of the Chinese medicine? Insomnia is severe in me and the allopathic medicines were not able to control it. On my friends advice I met Chinese Medical Practitioner. He has prescribed me some herbal medicines which are bitter in taste. I am fed up with the taste of the medicine that I am not comfortable having it next time. How you all manage with the taste of the Chinese medicine? A. The benefit of Chinese medicine is good and you must have them. You can take honey after you take your medicines. This can bring back your taste. I am also taking Chinese herbal medicines for my nervous problem. They are very bitter. To reduce on their bitter taste I take honey or sometimes sugar cubes. Taking honey makes me feel good from the bitter taste of these medicines and taking these medicines helps me in getting better from my nervous problem. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gme608gROYo&eurl=http://www.imedix.com/health_community/vGme608gROYo_chinese_herbal_medicine_insomnia_anxiety?q=chinese%20medicine%20wi&feature=player_embedded Q. I need some advice on how to manage fibromyalgia? My elder brother is diagnosed with fibromyalgia. He was complaining of excess pain in belly area and headache with disturbed stomach. This made him depressed. His performance at work also declined to a considerable level. His muscles are too tight and this can be felt when touched. After the diagnosis for about a year he is now confirmed as having fibromyalgia. I need some advice on how to manage fibromyalgia?A. He must start light exercises like walking and jogging and if possible swimming. He must eat a good diet with only raw foods as much as possible. He must do meditation to calm his mind to get a good sleep. Massage will be helpful in reducing his pain. Living in a stressful environment may trigger his pain to a high level. Keep him happy and this will help him to feel relaxed. Do regularly follow the medicines with good life style and food pattern. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eOyxDV1Ntxc&eurl=http://www.imedix.com/health_community/veOyxDV1Ntxc_healthy_healing_massage_mansfield_oh_clickacouponcom?q=massage%20fib&feature=player_embedded Q. Apart from medicines, what are the other ways to manage fibromyalgia? A. For people living with fibromyalgia, relief comes not only from the medicines but also from the combination of medical and non-medical therapies. It is also better to call it as Lifestyle therapy than non-medical therapy. Good sleep, balanced diet with exclusion of spicy food, regular exercise and occupational change is considered to manage fibromyalgia. Some of the non-medical therapy such as acupuncture, Chiropractic or osteopathic treatments and Hypnotherapy and massage therapy is used to treat fibromyalgia. More discussions about managementLegalSeeAdministerManagement
ManagementThe people who administer a company, create policies, and provide the support necessary to implement the owners' business objectives.Management1. The persons or institutions that administer a company. That is, management has the responsibility to direct employees, set and enforce policies, and generally ensure that the company fulfills its goals (which management itself often sets). Management is responsible to the board of directors (of a publicly-traded company) and ultimately to the company's owners. In small companies, owners and managers are often the same people.
2. See: Asset management.management The process of organizing and directing human and physical resources within an ORGANIZATION so as to meet defined objectives. The key management roles are: - planning how to carry out the various activities which are required to achieve the objective. This involves establishing an action programme (see BUSINESS PLAN) and an appropriate organization structure within which tasks can be subdivided (for example into production, personnel, marketing and finance); RESPONSIBILITY for them delegated; and PAY and reward systems instituted (see JOB DESIGN AND REDESIGN, WORK ORGANIZATION);
- CONTROL, by comparing current performance with that planned in order to monitor progress of the work. Such comparisons reveal where additional resources may be needed to achieve desired performance or when plans may need to be modified in the light of experience;
- COORDINATION of the tasks being undertaken, which involves synchronizing and balancing work loads and ensuring effective collaboration between the various DEPARTMENTS and GROUPS within the organization;
- MOTIVATION of the members of the organization, encouraging them to work effectively in performing their assigned task.
CLASSICAL MANAGEMENT THEORY portrayed management as a rational activity largely concerned with establishing routines and procedures for administering the work. More recently this emphasis has been questioned in a number of respects. Research has shown that much of the manager's working day is spent on tasks other than those suggested in this approach, for example attending retirement presentations, responding to telephone enquiries etc. Much of the manager's job involves ad hoc reactions to events. Other research has shown that managers ‘muddle through’, aiming at achieving satisfactory rather than optimum outcomes (see SATISFICING). Recent writing on management has emphasized the LEADERSHIP aspect of the managerial function. The key issue here concerns the means by which managers can achieve effective performance from their subordinates. Two basic approaches are identified in the literature (on MANAGEMENT STYLE): - task orientation, where managers' relationship with their subordinates is essentially directive, being primarily focused on getting the job done;
- people orientation, where managers show a greater concern for their subordinates' well-being, on the grounds that a contented workforce performs effectively.
Some believe that good leaders are born with certain personal qualities whilst others believe that these can be instilled through MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT. Whatever perspective is taken it should be remembered that leadership involves more than a leader: it also involves subordinates and a context. Good leadership is that which produces appropriate behaviour from others in particular situations. See ORGANIZATIONAL ANALYSIS, BOARD OF DIRECTORS. See MGNT See mngmtmanagement
Synonyms for managementnoun administrationSynonyms- administration
- control
- rule
- government
- running
- charge
- care
- operation
- handling
- direction
- conduct
- command
- guidance
- supervision
- manipulation
- governance
- superintendence
noun directorsSynonyms- directors
- board
- executive(s)
- bosses
- administration
- employers
- directorate
Synonyms for managementnoun authoritative control over the affairs of othersSynonyms- administration
- direction
- government
- superintendence
- supervision
noun the careful guarding of an assetSynonyms- conservancy
- conservation
- husbandry
- preservation
noun an act or instance of guidingSynonyms- direction
- guidance
- lead
- leadership
Synonyms for managementnoun the act of managing somethingSynonymsRelated Words- social control
- conducting
- database management
- finance
- homemaking
- misconduct
- mismanagement
- misdirection
- treatment
- handling
- superintendence
- supervising
- supervision
- oversight
- administration
- disposal
- empowerment
- authorisation
- authorization
- disenfranchisement
- channelisation
- channelization
- canalisation
- canalization
- steering
- guidance
noun those in charge of running a businessRelated Words- governance
- governing body
- organisation
- administration
- brass
- establishment
- organization
- board of directors
- directorate
- house
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