meas·ure

M0182200 (mĕzh′ər)n.1. a. A reference standard or sample used for the quantitative comparison of properties: The standard kilogram is maintained as a measure of mass.b. A unit specified by a scale, such as an inch, or by variable conditions, such as a day's march.c. A system of measurement, such as the metric system.d. The dimensions, quantity, or capacity of something as ascertained by comparison with a standard: curtains made to measure; took his measure for the suit jacket.e. A device used for measuring.f. The act of measuring: By measure the picture was four feet tall.2. An evaluation or a basis of comparison: "the final measure of the worth of a society" (Joseph Wood Krutch).3. Extent or degree: The problem was in large measure caused by his carelessness.4. a. A definite quantity that has been measured out: a measure of wine.b. A fitting amount: a measure of recognition.c. A limited amount or degree: a measure of goodwill.5. a. Limit; bounds: generosity knowing no measure.b. Appropriate restraint; moderation: "The union of ... fervor with measure, passion with correctness, this surely is the ideal" (William James).6. a. An action taken as a means to an end; an expedient: measures taken to improve energy efficiency. b. A law or ballot initiative adopted by a legislature as a remedy for a problem.7. a. Poetic meter.b. Music The metric unit between two bars on the staff; a bar.v. meas·ured, meas·ur·ing, meas·ures v.tr.1. a. To ascertain the dimensions, quantity, or capacity of: measured the height of the ceiling.b. To mark, lay out, or establish dimensions for by measuring: measure off an area.c. To mark off or apportion, usually with reference to a given unit of measurement: measure out a pint of milk.d. To allot or distribute as if by measuring; mete: The revolutionary tribunal measured out harsh justice.2. a. To estimate by evaluation or comparison: "I gave them an account ... of the situation as far as I could measure it" (Winston S. Churchill).b. To bring into comparison: She measured her power with that of a dangerous adversary.3. To serve as a measure of: The inch measures length.4. To consider or choose with care; weigh: He measures his words with caution.5. Archaic To travel over: "We must measure twenty miles today" (Shakespeare).v.intr.1. To be of a specific measurement: The room measures 12 by 20 feet.2. To take a measurement.3. To allow of measurement: White sugar measures more easily than brown.Phrasal Verb: measure up1. To be the equal of something; have similar quality.2. To have the necessary qualifications: a candidate who just didn't measure up.Idioms: beyond measure1. In excess.2. Without limit. for good measure In addition to the required amount.in a/some measure To a degree: The new law was in a measure harmful.

[Middle English, from Old French mesure, from Latin mēnsūra, from mēnsus, past participle of mētīrī, to measure; see mē- in Indo-European roots.]

meas′ur·er n.

measures

(ˈmɛʒəz) pl n (Geological Science) rock strata that are characterized by a particular type of sediment or deposit: coal measures.

measures

measures:

see weights and measuresweights and measures,
units and standards for expressing the amount of some quantity, such as length, capacity, or weight; the science of measurement standards and methods is known as metrology.

Crude systems of weights and measures probably date from prehistoric times.
..... Click the link for more information. .

Measures

means of measurements used to reproduce physical quantities of some given value. Measures can be quite simple, as, for example, measures of mass (weight) or of holding capacity (measuring cups, cylinders); or they can be more complex, such as standard cells (measures of electromotive force), coils of electric resistances, and photometers. Measures can be classified as single-valued (those reproducing the physical magnitude of a single value) or multivalued (those providing for reproduction of a number of magnitudes of different value, for example, several different lengths). Examples of the first kind are weights, measuring flasks, and inductance coils; those of the second kind are graduated rulers, variable capacitors, and inductance variometers. Measures can be combined into sets, such as sets of weights and sets of end blocks of length. Such sets are used for a step-by-step reproduction of a number of quantities of the same kind within a certain range of values. Sets of measures of electrical quantities are sometimes equipped with switches, and thus form boxes, such as resistance boxes and capacitance boxes.

The rated value of a measure is understood to be the value indicated on the measure or assigned to it, such as a weight of one kilogram or a resistance coil of one ohm. The actual value of a measure is the value that is actually reproduced by the measure, determined so accurately that the error of the measure can be neglected in using the measure. The difference between the rated and actual value of a measure is approximately equal to the error of the measure. A measure should remain stable with passage of time.

Measures are divided into classes of precision, depending on the magnitude of permissible error. Measures are used as standards, as base standards, or as working standards for measurements. The base standards are calibrated against standards and are used in checking the working standards. The error of a measure falls within permissible limits only for certain physical conditions, such as certain values of temperature, pressure, and humidity; these conditions are shown in the instructions for the calibration and use of the measures. Measures often become components of more complex measuring instruments or installations. Standard substances constitute a separate category of measures. Such substances are pure substances or substances prepared in accordance with particular specifications, and these substances have known and reproducible properties. Examples are pure water, pure gases (hydrogen, oxygen), pure metals (zinc, silver, gold, platinum), and benzoic acid. Also classified as measures are the increasingly widely used standard samples having definite physical properties (for example, samples of steel having a definite composition, hardness, or some other parameter).

REFERENCES

Malikov, S. F., and N. I. Tiurin. Vvedenie v metrologiiu, 2nd ed. Moscow, 1966.
Shirokov, K. P. Obshchie voprosy metrologii. Moscow, 1967.
GOST 12656–67: Giri obraztsovye.
GOST 7328–65: Giri obshchego naznacheniia.
GOST 12069–66: Mery dliny shtrikhovye.
GOST 13581–68: Mery dliny kontsevye ploskoparallel’nye iz tverdogo splava.
GOST 1770–64: Mery vmestimosti stekliannye tekhnicheskie.

K. P. SHIROKOV

单词	measures
释义	measures measurefrom "Roses of the South," a waltz by Johann Strauss the Younger meas·ure M0182200 (mĕzh′ər)n.1. a. A reference standard or sample used for the quantitative comparison of properties: The standard kilogram is maintained as a measure of mass.b. A unit specified by a scale, such as an inch, or by variable conditions, such as a day's march.c. A system of measurement, such as the metric system.d. The dimensions, quantity, or capacity of something as ascertained by comparison with a standard: curtains made to measure; took his measure for the suit jacket.e. A device used for measuring.f. The act of measuring: By measure the picture was four feet tall.2. An evaluation or a basis of comparison: "the final measure of the worth of a society" (Joseph Wood Krutch).3. Extent or degree: The problem was in large measure caused by his carelessness.4. a. A definite quantity that has been measured out: a measure of wine.b. A fitting amount: a measure of recognition.c. A limited amount or degree: a measure of goodwill.5. a. Limit; bounds: generosity knowing no measure.b. Appropriate restraint; moderation: "The union of ... fervor with measure, passion with correctness, this surely is the ideal" (William James).6. a. An action taken as a means to an end; an expedient: measures taken to improve energy efficiency. b. A law or ballot initiative adopted by a legislature as a remedy for a problem.7. a. Poetic meter.b. Music The metric unit between two bars on the staff; a bar.v. meas·ured, meas·ur·ing, meas·ures v.tr.1. a. To ascertain the dimensions, quantity, or capacity of: measured the height of the ceiling.b. To mark, lay out, or establish dimensions for by measuring: measure off an area.c. To mark off or apportion, usually with reference to a given unit of measurement: measure out a pint of milk.d. To allot or distribute as if by measuring; mete: The revolutionary tribunal measured out harsh justice.2. a. To estimate by evaluation or comparison: "I gave them an account ... of the situation as far as I could measure it" (Winston S. Churchill).b. To bring into comparison: She measured her power with that of a dangerous adversary.3. To serve as a measure of: The inch measures length.4. To consider or choose with care; weigh: He measures his words with caution.5. Archaic To travel over: "We must measure twenty miles today" (Shakespeare).v.intr.1. To be of a specific measurement: The room measures 12 by 20 feet.2. To take a measurement.3. To allow of measurement: White sugar measures more easily than brown.Phrasal Verb: *measure up1. To be the equal of something; have similar quality.2. To have the necessary qualifications: a candidate who just didn't measure up.Idioms: beyond measure1. In excess.2. Without limit. for good measure* In addition to the required amount.in a/some *measure* To a degree: The new law was in a measure harmful. [Middle English, from Old French mesure, from Latin mēnsūra, from mēnsus, past participle of mētīrī, to measure; see mē- in Indo-European roots.] meas′ur·er n. measures (ˈmɛʒəz) pl n (Geological Science) rock strata that are characterized by a particular type of sediment or deposit: coal measures. IdiomsSeemeasure measures measures: see weights and measuresweights and measures, units and standards for expressing the amount of some quantity, such as length, capacity, or weight; the science of measurement standards and methods is known as metrology. Crude systems of weights and measures probably date from prehistoric times. ..... Click the link for more information. . Measures means of measurements used to reproduce physical quantities of some given value. Measures can be quite simple, as, for example, measures of mass (weight) or of holding capacity (measuring cups, cylinders); or they can be more complex, such as standard cells (measures of electromotive force), coils of electric resistances, and photometers. Measures can be classified as single-valued (those reproducing the physical magnitude of a single value) or multivalued (those providing for reproduction of a number of magnitudes of different value, for example, several different lengths). Examples of the first kind are weights, measuring flasks, and inductance coils; those of the second kind are graduated rulers, variable capacitors, and inductance variometers. Measures can be combined into sets, such as sets of weights and sets of end blocks of length. Such sets are used for a step-by-step reproduction of a number of quantities of the same kind within a certain range of values. Sets of measures of electrical quantities are sometimes equipped with switches, and thus form boxes, such as resistance boxes and capacitance boxes. The rated value of a measure is understood to be the value indicated on the measure or assigned to it, such as a weight of one kilogram or a resistance coil of one ohm. The actual value of a measure is the value that is actually reproduced by the measure, determined so accurately that the error of the measure can be neglected in using the measure. The difference between the rated and actual value of a measure is approximately equal to the error of the measure. A measure should remain stable with passage of time. Measures are divided into classes of precision, depending on the magnitude of permissible error. Measures are used as standards, as base standards, or as working standards for measurements. The base standards are calibrated against standards and are used in checking the working standards. The error of a measure falls within permissible limits only for certain physical conditions, such as certain values of temperature, pressure, and humidity; these conditions are shown in the instructions for the calibration and use of the measures. Measures often become components of more complex measuring instruments or installations. Standard substances constitute a separate category of measures. Such substances are pure substances or substances prepared in accordance with particular specifications, and these substances have known and reproducible properties. Examples are pure water, pure gases (hydrogen, oxygen), pure metals (zinc, silver, gold, platinum), and benzoic acid. Also classified as measures are the increasingly widely used standard samples having definite physical properties (for example, samples of steel having a definite composition, hardness, or some other parameter). REFERENCES Malikov, S. F., and N. I. Tiurin. Vvedenie v metrologiiu, 2nd ed. Moscow, 1966. Shirokov, K. P. Obshchie voprosy metrologii. Moscow, 1967. GOST 12656–67: Giri obraztsovye. GOST 7328–65: Giri obshchego naznacheniia. GOST 12069–66: Mery dliny shtrikhovye. GOST 13581–68: Mery dliny kontsevye ploskoparallel’nye iz tverdogo splava. GOST 1770–64: Mery vmestimosti stekliannye tekhnicheskie. K. P. SHIROKOV LegalSeeMeasureAcronymsSeeMS
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