Khwarazm-Shah

the title of feudal rulers of Khwarazm. The rulers known as the Great Khwarazm-Shahs belonged to the best-known dynasty, founded around 1077 by Anūştegin Gharacha’ī. The state flourished under Khwarazm-Shah il-Arslan (1156–72) and particularly under Tekesh and his son Muhammad II Ala’-al-Din. The rule of the Khwarazm-Shahs was brought to an end by the Mongol invasion. The last of the dynasty, Jalal-al-Din, perished in Mesopotamia in 1231.