Ivanov, Nikolai

Born July 22 (Aug. 3), 1851; died Jan. 27, 1919. Russian general of artillery (1908), adjutant general (1907).

Ivanov graduated from Mikhail Artillery College in 1869. Commander of the III Siberian Corps in the Russo-Japanese War, Ivanov was from 1906 to 1908 governor-general and chief commander of Kronstadt, where he suppressed the Kronstadt uprising of 1906, and was commander of the Kiev Military District from 1908 to 1914. In World War I, Ivanov commanded the troops of the Southwestern Front from July 1914 to March 1916 and was then at Nicholas IPs headquarters. He had no abilities as a military commander. On Feb. 27 (Mar. 12), 1917, the tsar appointed him commander of the troops of the Petrograd Military District and sent him with his troops to Petrograd to suppress the revolution, but this undertaking proved a total failure. After fleeing to Kiev and then to the Don region after the October Revolution, Ivanov in October and November 1918 commanded the White cossack Southern Army, which was defeated at the stanitsa (large cossack village) of Veshenskaia.