jet propulsion

n. Propulsion derived from the rearward expulsion of matter in a high-speed stream, especially propulsion by jet engines.

jet propulsion

n 1. (Aeronautics) propulsion by means of a jet of fluid 2. (Aeronautics) propulsion by means of a gas turbine, esp when the exhaust gases provide the propulsive thrust

jet′ propul′sion

n. the propulsion of a body by its reaction to a force ejecting a gas or a liquid from it. [1865–70]

jet propulsion

1. The driving of an aircraft by the powerful thrust developed when a jet of gas is forced out of a jet engine.2. Propulsion by means of any fluid that is forced out in a stream in the opposite direction. Squids, octopuses, and cuttlefish, for example, jet their way through the ocean by taking in and then quickly expelling water.

jet propulsion

Reaction propulsion in which the propulsion unit obtains oxygen from the air, as distinguished from rocket propulsion, in which the unit carries its own oxygen-producing material. In connection with aircraft propulsion, the term refers to a gasoline or other fuel turbine jet unit that discharges hot gas through a tail pipe and a nozzle which provides a thrust that propels the aircraft. See also rocket propulsion.

Thesaurus

Noun

jet propulsion - propulsion by means of the discharge of a jet of fluid toward the rearreaction propulsion - propulsion that results from the ejection at high velocity of a mass of gas to which the vehicle reacts with an equal and opposite momentum

Translations

喷气推进

jet²

(dʒet) noun1. a sudden, strong stream or flow (of liquid, gas, flame or steam), forced through a narrow opening. Firemen have to be trained to direct the jets from their hoses accurately.喷射2. a narrow opening in an apparatus through which a jet comes. This gas jet is blocked.喷嘴3. an aeroplane driven by jet propulsion. We flew by jet to America.喷气式飞机ˈjet-lag noun symptoms such as tiredness and lack of concentration caused by flying a long distance in a short period of time. 时差反应（短期内远距离飞行起的生理节奏失调） ˌjet-proˈpelled adjective driven by jet propulsion. jet-propelled racing-cars. 喷气式（发动机）推进的 jet propulsion a method of producing very fast forward motion (for aircraft, missiles etc) by sucking air or liquid etc into a jet engine and forcing it out from behind. 喷气推进

jet propulsion

jet propulsion,

propulsion of a body by a force developed in reaction to the ejection of a high-speed jet of gas.

Jet Propulsion Engines

The four basic parts of a jet engine are the compressor, turbineturbine,
rotary engine that uses a continuous stream of fluid (gas or liquid) to turn a shaft that can drive machinery.

A water, or hydraulic, turbine is used to drive electric generators in hydroelectric power stations.
..... Click the link for more information. , combustion chamber, and propelling nozzles. Air is compressed, then led through chambers where its volume is increased by the heat of fuel combustion. On emergence it spins the compression rotors, which in turn act on the incoming air.

In the cumbustion chamber of a jet propulsion engine the combustion of a fuel mixture generates expanding gases, which escape through an orifice to form the jet. Newton's third law of motion requires that the force that causes the high-speed motion of the jet of gas have a reaction force that is equal in magnitude and oppositely directed to push on the jet propulsion engine. Hence the term "reaction motor" is often applied to jet-propulsion engines.

The thermal jet engine operates with a continuous blast, but intermittent duct jet propulsion proceeds by a series of pulses, or intermittent explosions. The ramjet, or continuous duct, engine relies on its own forward motion to compress the air that enters it. Although highly efficient, it is designed to operate only after high speed has been attained through the use of some other power source, typically a rocket. The scramjet, or supersonic-combustion ramjet, engine is designed to operate at hypersonic speed (above Mach 5), using hydrogen for fuel; in theory, a scramjet-propelled craft could achieve orbital speed, with an efficiency three times that of liquid- or solid-fuel rockets. In addition, without the need to carry oxygen, an air-breathing, scramjet-powered vehicle can carry a greater payload than a rocket-powered one.

There are various thrust-augmentation methods that can be used to increase the effective driving force of jet engines: the afterburner, water-injection, and air bleed-off methods. An afterburner uses the exhaust gases from the engine for additional combustion, with resulting higher compression; however, it consumes large amounts of fuel. Injection of water into the air-compressor inlet also increases the thrust, but can be used only at take-off because of the high water consumption. Air bleed-off, sometimes called the fan augmentation method, also makes more efficient use of air otherwise wasted.

Development of the Reaction Engine

The first reaction engine, the aeolipile (a ball that rotated as a reaction to escaping steam), was constructed by the inventor Heron (or Hero) of Alexandria. Developments through the centuries have resulted in two general types of reaction machines, the true rocketrocket,
any vehicle propelled by ejection of the gases produced by combustion of self-contained propellants. Rockets are used in fireworks, as military weapons, and in scientific applications such as space exploration.
..... Click the link for more information. and the airstream engine, commonly known as the jet engine. Unlike a jet engine, a rocket engine carries with it chemicals that enable it to burn its fuel without drawing air from an outside source. Thus a rocket can operate in outer space, where there is no atmosphere. Fritz von Opel, a German automobile manufacturer, made the first flight entirely by rocket power in 1939. The American R. H. GoddardGoddard, Robert Hutchings,
1882–1945, American physicist and rocket expert, b. Worcester, Mass., grad. Worcester Polytechnic Institute (B.S., 1908), Ph.D. Clark Univ., 1911. From 1914 he was associated with Clark Univ., becoming a professor of physics in 1919.
..... Click the link for more information. did much of the important pioneer work in modern rocket development.

The second category of reaction motor, the jet engine, is a development of the late 18th-century gas turbine engines, which directed combustion gases against the blades of a turbine wheel. Not until 1908 was it suggested that an aircraft could be driven by jet propulsion. René Lorin, a French engineer, proposed using a reciprocating engine to compress air, mix it with fuel, and thus propel the aircraft by the pulses of hot gas produced by combustion of the mixture. Henri Coanda, a Romanian engineer, experimented with a reaction-powered aircraft in 1910, and observed the phenomenon now known as the Coanda effectCoanda effect
or wall-attachment effect,
the tendency of a moving fluid, either liquid or gas, to attach itself to a surface and flow along it. As a fluid moves across a surface a certain amount of friction (called "skin friction") occurs between the fluid and the
..... Click the link for more information. . In 1939 the English engineer Frank WhittleWhittle, Sir Frank,
1907–96, English aeronautical engineer. Whittle was one of the first persons to associate the gas turbine with jet propulsion. Previously the gas turbine had been regarded as a machine for supplying shaft power, but Whittle saw it as an ideal means for
..... Click the link for more information. developed a jet engine that powered a full-sized aircraft, and a year later Secundo Campini in Italy flew for 10 min using a thermal jet engine.

Jet-propelled aircraft have replaced propeller-driven types in all but short-range commercial applications; turboprop planes, in which a propeller is turned by a turbine engine, are used for short-range flights. The SR-71 Blackbird, a U.S. jet spyplane, holds the current speed record of 2,193.17 mph (3,529.56 kph) for a piloted air-breathing airplane, but NASA's experimental scramjet-powered pilotless X-43A bested this, almost reaching Mach 7 (about 5,300 mph/8,500 kph) and later Mach 10 (about 7,600 mph/12,200 kph) in brief test flights in 2004. The experimental X-51A, also pilotless, reached Mach 5 (3,800 mph/6,100 kph) in a 2010 test flight. The Australian-led HyShot Flight Program successfully tested a British-designed scramjet engine in 2006.

jet propulsion

[¦jet prə¦pəl·shən] (aerospace engineering) The propulsion of a rocket or other craft by means of a jet engine. (engineering) Propulsion by means of a jet of fluid.

Jet propulsion

Propulsion of a body by means of force resulting from discharge of a fluid jet. This fluid jet issues from a nozzle and produces a reaction (Newton's third law) to the force exerted against the working fluid in giving it momentum in the jet stream. Turbojets, ramjets, and rockets are the most widely used jet-propulsion engines. See Ramjet, Turbojet

In each of these propulsion engines a jet nozzle converts potential energy of the working fluid into kinetic energy. Hot high-pressure gas escapes through the nozzle, expanding in volume as it drops in pressure and temperature, thus gaining rearward velocity and momentum. This process is governed by the laws of conservation of mass, energy, and momentum and by the pressure-volume-temperature relationships of the gas-state equation. See Nozzle

jet propulsion

In the above case, velocity of exhaust gases (Vje) is much greater than those of gases at the inlet (Va). The accelerated gases push the aircraft forward by reaction in accordance with Newton's third law of motion.A form of propulsion where a mass of air is accelerated through a large change in velocity, and the body is propelled forward as a result of the action-reaction phenomenon, or Newton's third law of motion. The propulsion unit obtains its oxygen from the air for imparting a higher velocity to the incoming gases by combusting fuel. The thrust is obtained by expelling a mass air flow at a higher velocity than its incoming velocity.

jet propulsion

1. propulsion by means of a jet of fluid 2. propulsion by means of a gas turbine, esp when the exhaust gases provide the propulsive thrust

jet propulsion

jet propulsion

jet propulsion

jet′ propul′sion

jet propulsion

jet propulsion

jet²

jet propulsion

jet propulsion,

Jet Propulsion Engines

Development of the Reaction Engine

jet propulsion

Jet propulsion

jet propulsion

jet propulsion

jet propulsion

Words related to jet propulsion

noun propulsion by means of the discharge of a jet of fluid toward the rear

Related Words

jet propulsion

jet propulsion

jet propulsion

jet′ propul′sion

jet propulsion

jet propulsion

jet2

jet propulsion

jet propulsion,

Jet Propulsion Engines

Development of the Reaction Engine

jet propulsion

Jet propulsion

jet propulsion

jet propulsion

jet propulsion

Words related to jet propulsion

noun propulsion by means of the discharge of a jet of fluid toward the rear

Related Words

jet²