intensification

in·ten·si·fy

I0179800 (ĭn-tĕn′sə-fī′)v. in·ten·si·fied, in·ten·si·fy·ing, in·ten·si·fies v.tr.1. To make intense or more intense: The press has intensified its scrutiny of the candidate's background.2. To increase the contrast of (a photographic image).v.intr. To become intense or more intense: The search intensified as dusk approached.

in·ten′si·fi·ca′tion (-fĭ-kā′shən) n.

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	intensification - action that makes something stronger or more extremestep-up, increase - the act of increasing something; "he gave me an increase in salary"roughness - harsh or severe speech or behavior; "men associate the roughness of nonstandard working-class speech with masculinity"; "the roughness of her voice was a signal to keep quiet"exacerbation, aggravation - action that makes a problem or a disease (or its symptoms) worse; "the aggravation of her condition resulted from lack of care"focalisation, focalization, focusing - the act of bringing into focus
	2.	intensification - the act of increasing the contrast of (a photographic film)step-up, increase - the act of increasing something; "he gave me an increase in salary"photography, picture taking - the act of taking and printing photographs

intensification

noun increase, rise, build-up, expansion, heightening, acceleration, escalation, upsurge, amplification the intensification of violent rebel attacks

Translations

επίτασηintensificazione

Intensification

intensification

[in‚tens·ə·fə′kā·shən] (mathematics) An operation that increases the value of the membership function of a fuzzy set if the value is equal to or greater than 0.5, and decreases it if it is less than 0.5.

Intensification

in photography, the process of increasing the optical density of a photographic image, primarily for the correction of underexposed or underdeveloped negatives. Intensification is the opposite of reduction. It may be accomplished by the accumulation of a metal, such as mercury or silver, or of some opaque compound on the silver grains in an image, as well as by toning. Because of the attendant complexity, there is no practical intensification process for multilayer color materials.

In intensification, the metallic silver in an image is bleached with solutions of mercuric chloride, potassium bichromate, or other compound, and subsequently darkened in highly active developers, ammonia solutions, or other agents. Intensification results from reduction of the bleaching agents to finely dispersed metal powders (mercury from mercuric chloride) or difficultly soluble opaque compounds (Cr₂O₃ · CrO₃ from potassium bichromate), which are precipitated on the metallic silver grains of the image to create increased optical density. On bleaching with copper bromide, darkening is effected by a silver nitrate solution as a source of additional metal, which is precipitated on the image. If intensification is achieved by toning, the negative usually turns brown. Furthermore, its effective photographic opacity increases as the emulsion absorbs blue light, to which positive photographic materials are most sensitive.

Intensification may be classified as proportional, subproportional, or superproportional. In proportional intensification the optical densities increase in proportion to their initial values, but very low densities show almost no increase. In subproportional intensification, low densities increase substantially more than average and high densities. In superproportional intensification, high densities increase more than small and average densities.

REFERENCES

Tsyganov, M. N. Ustranenie defektov fotograficheskogo izobrazheniia. Moscow, 1957.
Mikulin, V. P. Fotograficheskii retsepturnyi spravochnik, 4th ed. Moscow, 1972.

L. D. PERVOVA

intensification

Related to intensification: extensification, westward intensification

noun

Synonyms for intensification

noun increase

Synonyms

increase
rise
build-up
expansion
heightening
acceleration
escalation
upsurge
amplification

Words related to intensification

noun action that makes something stronger or more extreme

Related Words

step-up
increase
roughness
exacerbation
aggravation
focalisation
focalization
focusing

noun the act of increasing the contrast of (a photographic film)

Related Words

step-up
increase
photography
picture taking