International Congress for Modern Architecture

(Congrès Intérnationaux d’Architècture Moderne; CIAM), an international organization of architects, which was founded in 1928. CIAM spoke out against the conservatism and eclecticism of the academic schools of architecture and appealed for the introduction of the principles of “new architecture” based on 20th-century scientific and technological achievements. The association’s proposals were set forth in 1933 in “The Athens Charter” (published in 1943). The ideological and theoretical leaders of CIAM were Le Corbusier (France), E. May (Germany), J. L. Sert (Spain), W. Gropius (Germany), and S. Gie-dion (Switzerland). The association disbanded after 1959.