intelligence test
intelligence test
intelligence test
intel′ligence test`
n.
| Noun | 1. | intelligence test - a psychometric test of intelligence; "they used to think that intelligence is what an intelligence test tests" |
| 单词 | intelligence test | |||
| 释义 | intelligence testintelligence testintelligence testintel′ligence test`n.
intelligence testintelligence test[in′tel·ə·jəns ‚test]intelligence testa set of items, usually arranged in ascending order of difficulty which test an individual's level of INTELLIGENCE by generating an estimate of their IQ (INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT). Among the best-known general tests are the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, the British Ability Scales, and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. More specialized tests (e.g. Ravens Progressive Matrices), as well as subscales within many general tests, provide separate measures of more specific cognitive abilities such as spatial abilityThe development of testing procedures has been based on the assumption that the greater proportion of ability is inherited. Tests are therefore designed to measure innate ability, while controlling for environmental and cultural factors. Many critics, however, claim that it is not possible to achieve this aim, and that test results remain culturally biased towards the norms and values of dominant groups in society. According to this view intelligence tests therefore fail to reflect the true intelligence levels of subordinate class, race or gender groups. The educational and political significance of intelligence testing can be seen in the fierce reaction to Jensen's reopening of the NATURE–NURTURE DEBATE in 1969 (see L. Kamin, The Science and Politics ofI.Q.). Jensen's claim that 80% of intelligence was due to genetic factors was followed with even more controversial arguments attributing a significant proportion of the lower test performance of American blacks to this cause. Test results were therefore suggested as legitimizing the differential educational treatment received in schools by different social groups. Within the field of education, educationists have often argued that concentration on intelligence testing and the automatic equation of a high IQ score with brightness and achievement have straitjacketed the education system for over half a century (e.g. the effects of 11+ in allocating children to different types of educational provision and experience). Others have consistently defended the predictive powers of IQ tests. Currently there tends to be more agreement that tests are neither wholly neutral nor wholly valid (see VALIDITY), but they remain a useful diagnostic tool in the assessment of cognitive and learning difficulties. intelligence testintelligence[in-tel´ĭ-jens]In speaking of general intelligence, authorities often distinguish between a number of different kinds of basic mental ability. One of these is verbal aptitude, the ability to understand the meaning of words and to use them effectively in writing or speaking. Another is skill with numbers, the ability to add, subtract, multiply, and divide and to use these skills in problems. The capacity to work with spatial relationships, that is, with visualizing how objects take up space, is still another (for example, how two triangles can fit together to make a square). Perception, memory, and reasoning may also be considered different basic abilities. These abilities are the ones that are usually examined by intelligence tests. There are others, however, that may be as important or more important. Determination and perseverance make intelligence effective and useful. Artistic talent, such as proficiency in art or music, and creativity, the ability to use thought and imagination to produce original ideas, are difficult to measure but are certainly part of intelligence. in·tel·li·gence testintelligence testintelligence test
Synonyms for intelligence test
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