IL-1
IL1B
A gene on chromosome 2q14 that encodes interleukin-1B, a cytokine produced by activated macrophages as a proprotein, which is proteolytically activated by caspase 1 (CASP1/ICE). IL-1B is a key mediator of inflammation and is involved in an array of cellular activities, including cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis.IL-1
Leukocyte-activating factor An 11 kD cytokine produced by a wide range of cells; IL-1 elicits the acute phase response, acts on the CNS as a pyrogen, stimulates fibroblast, B- and T-cell proliferation and differentiation, ↑ lymphokine, collagenase and PG production, activity of NK cells against tumor targets, stimulates myocytolysis–via PGs, elicits hormone release from the pituitary, evokes the release of PMNs from the BM, and PMN degranulation, ↑ oxidase activity and hexose monophosphate shunt activity; in synovial cells, IL-1 stimulates proliferation and production of collagen, PG, and plasminogen activator IL-1 production Stimulated by various agents–eg, calcium ionophores, IFN-α, IFN-γ, lipopolysaccharides, muramyl dipeptide, aluminum hydroxide, phorbol myristate acetate, staphylococci, silica, and others; inhibited by corticosteroids, PGE2–via the cyclooxygenase pathway, suppressor T cells, and cyclosporine–which specifically inhibits T cell-induced IL-1 production IL-1 & disease IL-1 may have a role inproduction by macrophages in the early β-cell destructive lesions of type 1 DM.