| 释义 |
hydrogen cyanide
hydrogen cyaniden. A colorless, volatile, extremely poisonous flammable liquid, HCN, miscible in water and used in the manufacture of dyes, fumigants, and plastics. It has an almondlike odor and becomes a gas at 26°C.hydrogen cyanide n (Elements & Compounds) a colourless poisonous liquid with a faint odour of bitter almonds, usually made by a catalysed reaction between ammonia, oxygen, and methane. It forms prussic acid in aqueous solution and is used for making plastics and dyes and as a war gas. Formula: HCN. Also called: hydrocyanic acid hy′drogen cy′anide
n. a colorless poisonous gas, HCN, having a bitter almondlike odor: in aqueous solution it forms hydrocyanic acid. hydrogen cyanide A colorless, flammable, extremely poisonous liquid, HCN. It is used to make dyes, poisons, and plastics. A solution of hydrogen cyanide in water forms a colorless acid that has a characteristic smell of bitter almonds.Thesaurus| Noun | 1. | hydrogen cyanide - a highly poisonous gas or volatile liquid that smells like bitter almonds; becomes a gas at around 90 degree Fahrenheit and is most dangerous when inhaled; the anhydride of hydrocyanic acid; used in manufacturingchemical compound, compound - (chemistry) a substance formed by chemical union of two or more elements or ingredients in definite proportion by weight |
Translationshydrogen cyanide
hydrogen cyanide, HCN, colorless, volatile, and extremely poisonous chemical compound whose vapors have a bitter almond odor. It melts at −14°C; and boils at 26°C;. It is miscible in all proportions with water or ethanol and is soluble in ether. Its water solution is a weak acid (see acids and basesacids and bases,
two related classes of chemicals; the members of each class have a number of common properties when dissolved in a solvent, usually water. Properties
..... Click the link for more information. ) commonly known as hydrocyanic acid or prussic acid. Its salts are called cyanidescyanide
, chemical compound containing the cyano group, -CN. Cyanides are salts or esters of hydrogen cyanide (hydrocyanic acid, HCN) formed by replacing the hydrogen with a metal (e.g., sodium or potassium) or a radical (e.g., ammonium or ethyl).
..... Click the link for more information. . Hydrogen cyanide may be synthesized directly from ammonia and carbon monoxide or from ammonia, oxygen (or air), and natural gas. It is a byproduct of the production of coke from coal and is recovered (along with hydrogen sulfide) from coke-oven exhaust gases. It may also be prepared by reacting a cyanide salt, e.g., calcium cyanide, with a strong acid, e.g., sulfuric acid, or by thermal decomposition of formamide. Because impure hydrogen cyanide can undergo spontaneous explosive polymerization and decomposition, a small amount of stabilizer (usually phosphoric acid) is added to it. The principal use of hydrogen cyanide is in the manufacture of organic chemicals, e.g., acrylonitrile, methyl methacrylate, and adiponitrile, that are used in producing synthetic fibers and plastics. It is also used in the chemical laboratory, and is sometimes used in agriculture as a fumigant. Hydrogen cyanide is found in nature in some vegetable substances, e.g., bitter almond, peach stones, cherry and cherry laurel leaves, and sorghum; it is usually combined in glycoside molecules (see sugarsugar,
compound of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen belonging to a class of substances called carbohydrates. Sugars fall into three groups: the monosaccharides, disaccharides, and trisaccharides. The monosaccharides are the simple sugars; they include fructose and glucose.
..... Click the link for more information. ) and is released when they are broken down by enzymes during metabolism.hydrogen cyanide[′hī·drə·jən ′sī·ə‚nīd] (inorganic chemistry) hydrocyanic acid hydrogen cyanide
hydrogen (H) [hi´dro-jen] a chemical element, atomic number 1, atomic weight 1.00797. (See Appendix 6.) It exists as the mass 1 isotope (protium, or light or ordinary hydrogen), mass 2 isotope (deuterium, heavy hydrogen), and mass 3 isotope (tritium).hydrogen cyanide an extremely poisonous colorless liquid or gas, HCN, a decomposition product of various naturally occurring glycosides and a common cause of cyanide poisoning. Inhalation of the gas can cause death within a minute. Called also hydrocyanic acid.heavy hydrogen deuterium.hydrogen ion concentration the degree of concentration of hydrogen ions (the acid element) in a solution. Its symbol is pH, and it expresses the degree to which a solution is acidic or alkaline. The pH range extends from 0 to 14, pH 7 being neutral, a pH of less than 7 indicating acidity, and one above 7 indicating alkalinity. See also acid-base balance.hydrogen peroxide H2O2, an antiseptic with a mildly antibacterial action. A 3 per cent solution foams on touching skin or mucous membrane and appears to have a mechanical cleansing action.hydrogen sulfide H2S, a poisonous gas with an offensive smell, released from decaying organic material, natural gas, petroleum, and sulfur deposits, and sometimes used as a chemical reagent.hy·dro·cy·an·ic ac·id (HCN), (hī'drō-sī-an'ik as'id), HCN; A colorless, toxic liquid, with the odor of bitter almonds, present in bitter almonds (amygdalin), the stones of peaches, plums, and other drupes, and laurel leaves; inhalation of 300 ppm causes death. Synonym(s): hydrogen cyanide, prussic acidhy·dro·gen cy·a·nide (HCN) (hī'drō-jen sī'ăn-īd) A highly toxic cellular asphyxiant, HCN, used as a fumigant and also as a chemical-warfare agent. Its NATO code is AC. AcronymsSeeHCNhydrogen cyanide
Words related to hydrogen cyanidenoun a highly poisonous gas or volatile liquid that smells like bitter almondsRelated Words- chemical compound
- compound
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