grinding

grind

G0272200 (grīnd)v. ground (ground), grind·ing, grinds v.tr.1. a. To reduce to small bits or crush to a fine powder: grind wheat into flour; grind coffee beans.b. To shape, sharpen, or refine with friction: grind scissors to a fine edge; grind lenses for eyeglasses.2. To rub (two surfaces) together harshly; gnash: grind one's teeth.3. To bear down on harshly; crush: The team's spirit was ground down by harsh losses.4. To oppress or weaken gradually or persistently: "Laws grind the poor, and rich men rule the law" (Oliver Goldsmith).5. To operate by turning a crank: ground a hurdy-gurdy.6. To instill or teach by persistent repetition: ground the truth into their heads.v.intr.1. To perform the operation of grinding something.2. To become crushed, pulverized, or powdered by friction: Those coffee beans ground easily.3. a. To move with noisy friction; grate: a train grinding along rusty rails.b. To ride a skateboard, a snowboard, or skis over a grind rail or narrow surface, often with the board or skis at right angles to the direction of movement.4. Informal To devote oneself to study or work: grinding for a test; grinding away at housework.5. Slang To rotate the pelvis erotically, as while dancing or performing a striptease.n.1. The act of grinding.2. A crunching or grinding noise.3. a. A specific grade or degree of pulverization, as of coffee beans: drip grind.b. Bits of ground coffee; grounds.4. Informal A laborious task, routine, or study: the daily grind.5. Informal A student who works or studies excessively.6. Slang An erotic rotation of the pelvis.Phrasal Verb: grind out To produce mechanically or without inspiration: a hack writer who grinds out one potboiler after another.Idiom: grind it out To make a persistent effort in doing something that is difficult; work at something persistently.

[Middle English grinden, from Old English grindan; see ghrendh- in Indo-European roots.]

grind′ing·ly adv.

grinding

(ˈɡraɪndɪŋ) adjnever getting better, changing, or ending: grinding tedium.

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	grinding - material resulting from the process of grinding; "vegetable grindings clogged the drain"corpuscle, mote, particle, speck, molecule, atom - (nontechnical usage) a tiny piece of anything
	2.	grinding - a harsh and strident sound (as of the grinding of gears)noise - sound of any kind (especially unintelligible or dissonant sound); "he enjoyed the street noises"; "they heard indistinct noises of people talking"; "during the firework display that ended the gala the noise reached 98 decibels"
	3.	grinding - the wearing down of rock particles by friction due to water or wind or iceattrition, detrition, abrasionrubbing, friction - the resistance encountered when one body is moved in contact with another

Translations

磨擦的嗄的一声难熬的

grind

(graind) – past tense, past participle ground (graund) – verb1. to crush into powder or small pieces. This machine grinds coffee.磨碎2. to rub together, usually producing an unpleasant noise. He grinds his teeth.磨得吱吱响3. to rub into or against something else. He ground his heel into the earth. 碾碎，挤压 noun boring hard work. Learning vocabulary is a bit of a grind.枯燥乏味的工作ˈgrinder noun a person or machine that grinds. a coffee-grinder. 磨工，研磨机 ˈgrinding adjective1. with a sound of grinding. The train came to a grinding stop.磨擦的嗄的一声2. severe. grinding poverty.难熬的ˈgrindstone noun a wheel-shaped stone against which knives are sharpened as it turns. 砂轮形磨石，旋转研磨机 grind down to crush. She was ground down by poverty.折磨grind up to grind into powder or small pieces. This machine grinds up rocks.碾成粉keep (some)one's nose to the grindstone to (force someone to) work hard, without stopping. 使（某人）埋头从事辛苦的劳动

grinding

grinding,

process by which surface material is removed from an object, usually metal, by the abrasive action of a rotating wheel or a moving belt that contains abrasive grains. A grinding wheel can be made by mixing a bonding material, usually clay, with abrasive grains of such substances as silicon carbide or aluminum oxide. The mixture is then shaped into a wheel and hardened. A grindstone is a grinding wheel made by shaping naturally occurring sandstone, which contains abrasive quartz grains. Grinding is used in many manufacturing processes to produce a fine surface finish on an object and to bring the size of an object to within very fine tolerances. A grinding machine has devices that hold an unfinished object and move it past the machine's abrasive wheel or belt, which is driven by a motor. For less exacting work, such as sharpening cutting tools, objects can be hand held and ground by a machine consisting mainly of an abrasive wheel or belt. For many products grinding is only one step in a finishing process that involves additional similar operations such as honing, lapping, polishing, and buffing.

Grinding

(1) In metalworking, the machining of surfaces of workpieces with an abrasive tool. It is performed on grinding machines and other types of meal-cutting machine tools by means of special attachments (such as grinding heads), as well as by hand. A distinction is made between grinding in which the peripheral speed of the tool is approximately 20 m/sec and high-speed grinding, in which the peripheral speed is greater than 50 m/sec. Grinding makes it possible to fabricate metal parts having a precision of class 1 and a surface roughness of class 10. It is widely used to machine external and internal flat, cylindrical, conical, and irregularly shaped surfaces of workpieces made from metals, plastics, ceramics, ferrites, stone, and wood. Rough grinding is also used to some extent to remove large machining allowances from cast pig iron and steel workpieces.

The various types of grinding include external and internal cylindrical grinding, grinding with a planetary motion, external and internal centerless grinding, surface grinding, and grinding of special shapes.

Electrochemical grinding is used to work metals that are difficult to machine. Current-conducting grinding wheels are fed with a DC current, and an electrolyte is supplied to the cutting zone. Grinding can also be performed by means of vibration machining with an abrasive powder suspended in a liquid.

A carborundum abrasive tool is usually used to grind stone. The process may be accomplished by grinders or by hand.

(2) In groats production, grinding removes the germ and the outer parts of the kernel, thereby imparting a definite shape and uniformity to the crushed grains.

REFERENCES

Maslov, E. N. Teoriia shlifovaniia materialov. Moscow, 1974.
Vul’f, A. M. Rezanie metallov, 2nd ed. Leningrad, 1973.

A. A. SHISHKIN

grinding

[′grīn·diŋ] (electronics) A mechanical operation performed on silicon substrates of semiconductors to provide a smooth surface for epitaxial deposition or diffusion of impurities. A mechanical operation performed on quartz crystals to alter their physical size and hence their resonant frequencies. (mechanical engineering) Reducing a material to relatively small particles. Removing material from a workpiece with a grinding wheel. (mining engineering) The act or process of continuing to drill after the bit or core barrel is blocked, thereby crushing and destroying any core that might have been produced.

grinding

Repetitive actions in a video game to accumulate points in order to gain experience or advance to the next level. Games may be designed for players to grind their way through in order to feel that they accomplished something. In addition, novices are allowed to make progress in a game with a lot of grinding; otherwise they would be stumped. See farming.

grinding

grind

grinding

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Grinding

REFERENCES

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grinding

Synonyms for grinding

noun material resulting from the process of grinding

Related Words

noun a harsh and strident sound (as of the grinding of gears)

Related Words

noun the wearing down of rock particles by friction due to water or wind or ice

Synonyms

Related Words