| 单词 | hidalgo |
| 释义 | hidalgohi·dal·goH0187500 (hĭ-dăl′gō, ē-thäl′-)hidalgo(hɪˈdælɡəʊ; Spanish iˈðalɣo) or femininehidalgaHidalgo(hɪˈdælɡəʊ; Spanish iˈðalɣo)hi•dal•go(hɪˈdæl goʊ; Sp. iˈðɑl gɔ)n., pl. -gos (-gōz; Sp. -gôs). Hi•dal•go(hɪˈdæl goʊ; Sp. iˈðɑl gɔ)n. HidalgoHidalgo(hĭdăl`gō), in astronomy: see asteroidasteroid,planetoid, or minor planet, small body orbiting the sun. More than 300,000 asteroids have been identified and cataloged; more than a million are believed to exist in the main belt between Mars and Jupiter, with many more in the Kuiper belt ..... Click the link for more information. . Hidalgo(ēthäl`gō), state (1990 pop. 1,888,366), 8,058 sq mi (20,870 sq km), central Mexico. Pachuca de SotoPachuca de Soto, city (1990 pop. 174,013), capital of Hidalgo state, central Mexico, at the head of a ravine surrounded by foothills of the Sierra Madre Oriental. Pachuca, one of Mexico's oldest and most famous mining towns, was founded in 1534 on the site of an ancient Toltec ..... Click the link for more information. is the capital. Crossed by the Sierra Madre Oriental, the state is extremely mountainous; in the southern and western areas, however, are plains and fertile valleys lying within Mexico's central plateau. The climate is warm in the lower valleys, temperate on the plateau, and cold in the mountains. One of Hidalgo's chief crops is maguey (see amaryllisamaryllis , common name for some members of the Amaryllidaceae, a family of mostly perennial plants with narrow, flat leaves and with lilylike flowers borne on separate, leafless stalks. ..... Click the link for more information. ), grown on the central plateau. Alfalfa, corn, sugarcane, and coffee are also cultivated. The state's main industry is mining (particularly around Pachuca), and Hidalgo is a leading national producer of silver, gold, copper, lead, iron, and sulfur. Cement, textile, automobile manufacturing and especially oil refining are other major industries. The territory was occupied successively by the Toltec (whose capital was Tollán—now TulaTula , ancient city in the present state of Hidalgo, central Mexico. It was one of the chief urban centers of the Toltec. The city is believed to be Tollán, the legendary Toltec capital mentioned in a number of postconquest sources, including Bernardino de ..... Click the link for more information. ), the Chichimecs, and the Aztecs. Conquered by the Spanish in 1530, it was part of the province and state of Mexico until it became the separate state of Hidalgo in 1869. There are several hot springs in Hidalgo. hidalgo(hēdäl`gō) [contraction of Span. hijo de algo=son of something], term designating the lowest degree of Spanish nobility, a rank above the ordinary gentry but below the great lords. The status was granted either directly from the crown (hidalgo de carta) or was inherited through birth (hidalgo de sangre). The term was known as early as the 12th cent.; the prolonged warfare to reconquer Spain from the Moors especially necessitated the continuous expansion of this knightly class. Although it did not have any political importance, the rank gave its members privileges such as use of the title Don and considerable exemption from taxation. The hidalgo is a familiar character in Spanish literature, often being portrayed as a vagabond knight.Hidalgo(hi-dal -goh) ((944) Hidalgo) An asteroid that was discovered by Walter Baade in 1920 and has an eccentric 13.7 year orbit that carries it between 2.00 AU and 9.64 AU from the Sun, crossing the orbits of the main-belt asteroids and Jupiter and extending to that of Saturn. The eccentricity of its elliptical path is about 0.66 and its inclination to the ecliptic is 42.6?%. It has a diameter estimated at between 20 and 30 km. Until the discovery of Chiron in 1977, it had the farthest aphelion and longest period of any known asteroid. From the similarity of its orbit to those of the periodic comets, it has been suggested that Hidalgo represents the remains of a large comet nucleus. It has an albedo of 0.03 and a D-type spectrum. See Table 3, backmatter.Hidalgo(religion, spiritualism, and occult)Hidalgo, asteroid 944 (the 944th asteroid to be discovered, on October 31, 1920) was named after the revolutionary priest who attempted to overthrow Spanish rule in Mexico. It is about 28½ kilometers in diameter and has an eccentric orbit that is the longest (14 years) of any asteroid. Hidalgo is one of the more recent asteroids to be investigated by astrologers. Preliminary material on Hidalgo can be found in Demetra George and Douglas Bloch’s Astrology for Yourself, and an ephemeris (table of celestial locations) for Hidalgo can be found in the second edition of George and Bloch’s Asteroid Goddesses. Unlike the planets, which are associated with a wide range of phenomena, the smaller asteroids are said to represent a single principle. Bloch and George (1987) give Hidalgo’s principle as “protecting and fighting for one’s beliefs”; their tentative key phrase for Hidalgo is “My capacity for self-assertion in defense of my principles.” Zipporah Dobyns associates Hidalgo with Saturn, finding that it often aspects that planet in the charts of women who reach positions of success and power. J. Lee Lehman finds that Hidalgo represents “an assertion of will over others.” This influence can be used in fighting for other people’s rights, but “Hidalgo expects to be in control, to be the general in all situations.” Lehman describes Hidalgo as a “macho” asteroid. Jacob Schwartz gives the astrological significance of this asteroid as “fighting for others’ rights; exchanges based on integrity or principles.” Sources:Hidalgoa state in Mexico, on the central plateau. Area, 21,000 sq km. Population, 1, 156,000 (1970). The city of Pachuca is the administrative center of the state. Subsistence agriculture is widespread. The basic crops are corn, beans, and agave. Oil-bearing plants, fruits, and vegetables are cultivated on the irrigated lands around Tula. Gold and silver are mined in the area. Industries include machine building in Irolo, nonferrous metallurgy in Pachuca, and the food industry in Tulancingo. Hidalgothe lower and middle knighthood in medieval Spain. The term “hidalgo” appeared at the end of the 12th century and became common in the 13th and 14th centuries as the designation for all members of the knightly estate. The hidalgos were an important military force in the reconquest of Spain from the Moors. The ruin and impoverishment of the hidalgos began in the 15th century. The hidalgos were active in the conquest of the newly opened American lands in the 16th century. The existence of large numbers of hidalgos, who although impoverished maintained the caste prejudices typical of the knighthood, was a characteristic feature of the social life of feudal Spain in the era of its decline (the late 16th and the 17th century). Hidalgo[hi′däl·gō]Hidalgo |
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