Hadid, Dame Zaha

Hadid, Dame Zaha,

1950–2016, British architect, b. Baghdad, studied American Univ., Beirut (1968–71), Architectural Association School, London (grad. 1977). A partner in Rem KoolhaasKoolhaas, Rem
(Remmet Lucas Koolhaas), 1944–, Dutch architect, b. Rotterdam. He began his career as a journalist and screenwriter, moving to London in the late 1960s to study architecture.
..... Click the link for more information. 's Office for Metropolitan Architecture (1977–79), she established her own London practice in 1979. A provocative theorist, influenced by abstract painting (particularly the work of MalevichMalevich, Casimir or Kasimir
, 1878–1935, Russian painter. Moving to Moscow in 1906, he became involved in avant-garde artistic circles.
..... Click the link for more information. and KandinskyKandinsky, Wassily or Vasily
, 1866–1944, Russian abstract painter and theorist. Usually regarded as the originator of abstract art, Kandinsky abandoned a legal career for painting at 30 when he moved to Munich.
..... Click the link for more information. ), Hadid created innovative, influential, and often controversial designs that stretched the boundaries of architecture with their soaring spatial audacity, dynamic forms, horizontal elongations, and radical adaptations to landscape or urban setting. Her buildings are frequently characterized by smooth surfaces in glass, steel, and concrete; complex, skewed planes and sensuously flowing arabesque forms; sculptural, column-free interior spaces; curving floors and hallways; and asymmetric facades.

Though Hadid won many awards and became extremely influential with young architects, few of her larger 20th-century projects, e.g., Peak Club, Hong Kong (1983) and Cardiff Bay Opera House, Wales (1995), were built, and exist only as beautiful, meticulously made drawings and paintings. Most of her projects that actually were built were quite small, e.g., Monsoon Restaurant, Sapporo, Japan (1990), and Vitra Firehouse, Weil am Rhein, Germany (1993). Hadid finally achieved international acclaim for her first American project, Cincinnati's Rosenthal Center for Contemporary Art (2003); it was the first major U.S. museum designed by a woman. Her subsequent commissions included the Phaeno Science Center, Wolfsburg, Germany (2005), the BMW Plant Central Building, Leipzig (2005), and the National Museum of the XXI Century Arts, or MAXXI, Rome (2009), notable for its fluid, cantilevered forms.

Among her later projects are the Opera House, Guangzhou, China (2011), with its flowing forms and double halls; the Riverside Museum, Glasgow (2011), with twin glass facades topped by roofs of zigzagging zinc; the Aquatics Center, London (2012), with its wavelike roof; the Broad Art Museum (2012), Michigan State Univ., with its canted facade of pleated glass and stainless steel; the Heydar Aliyev Center (2012), Bakı, Azerbaijan, with its swooping roof, each roof and ceiling panel different; and the Messner Corones Museum of mountaineering (2015), a tripartite structure of concrete and glass with a cantilevered viewing platform, on Mount Kronplatz, Austria. She also designed furniture, jewelry, pottery, and other consumer goods. Hadid and her firm were working on some 50 buildings when she died; their completion will roughly double the structures built while alive. The Port House (2016), Antwerp, office building repurposes a historic brick fire station, with an angled glass-and-steel addition above it; the King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center (2018), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, has an energy-conserving, coolness-retaining design built on hexagonal cellular shell structures. Hadid was the first woman to win (2004) the Pritzker PrizePritzker Prize,
officially The Pritzker Architecture Prize
, award for excellence in architecture, given annually since 1979. Largely modeled on the Nobel Prize, it is the premier architectural award in the United States and is named for the family that founded the
..... Click the link for more information. , and was created Dame Commander, Order of the British Empire, in 2012.

Bibliography

See A. Betsky, Zaha Hadid: The Complete Work (1998); P. Noever, ed., Zaha Hadid: Architecture (2003); G. F. Giusti, Zaha Hadid (2004); T. Sakamoto, Zaha Hadid: Works (CD-ROM, 2003).

单词	hadid, dame zaha
释义	Hadid, Dame Zaha Hadid, Dame Zaha, 1950–2016, British architect, b. Baghdad, studied American Univ., Beirut (1968–71), Architectural Association School, London (grad. 1977). A partner in Rem KoolhaasKoolhaas, Rem (Remmet Lucas Koolhaas), 1944–, Dutch architect, b. Rotterdam. He began his career as a journalist and screenwriter, moving to London in the late 1960s to study architecture. ..... Click the link for more information. 's Office for Metropolitan Architecture (1977–79), she established her own London practice in 1979. A provocative theorist, influenced by abstract painting (particularly the work of MalevichMalevich, Casimir or Kasimir , 1878–1935, Russian painter. Moving to Moscow in 1906, he became involved in avant-garde artistic circles. ..... Click the link for more information. and KandinskyKandinsky, Wassily or Vasily , 1866–1944, Russian abstract painter and theorist. Usually regarded as the originator of abstract art, Kandinsky abandoned a legal career for painting at 30 when he moved to Munich. ..... Click the link for more information. ), Hadid created innovative, influential, and often controversial designs that stretched the boundaries of architecture with their soaring spatial audacity, dynamic forms, horizontal elongations, and radical adaptations to landscape or urban setting. Her buildings are frequently characterized by smooth surfaces in glass, steel, and concrete; complex, skewed planes and sensuously flowing arabesque forms; sculptural, column-free interior spaces; curving floors and hallways; and asymmetric facades. Though Hadid won many awards and became extremely influential with young architects, few of her larger 20th-century projects, e.g., Peak Club, Hong Kong (1983) and Cardiff Bay Opera House, Wales (1995), were built, and exist only as beautiful, meticulously made drawings and paintings. Most of her projects that actually were built were quite small, e.g., Monsoon Restaurant, Sapporo, Japan (1990), and Vitra Firehouse, Weil am Rhein, Germany (1993). Hadid finally achieved international acclaim for her first American project, Cincinnati's Rosenthal Center for Contemporary Art (2003); it was the first major U.S. museum designed by a woman. Her subsequent commissions included the Phaeno Science Center, Wolfsburg, Germany (2005), the BMW Plant Central Building, Leipzig (2005), and the National Museum of the XXI Century Arts, or MAXXI, Rome (2009), notable for its fluid, cantilevered forms. Among her later projects are the Opera House, Guangzhou, China (2011), with its flowing forms and double halls; the Riverside Museum, Glasgow (2011), with twin glass facades topped by roofs of zigzagging zinc; the Aquatics Center, London (2012), with its wavelike roof; the Broad Art Museum (2012), Michigan State Univ., with its canted facade of pleated glass and stainless steel; the Heydar Aliyev Center (2012), Bakı, Azerbaijan, with its swooping roof, each roof and ceiling panel different; and the Messner Corones Museum of mountaineering (2015), a tripartite structure of concrete and glass with a cantilevered viewing platform, on Mount Kronplatz, Austria. She also designed furniture, jewelry, pottery, and other consumer goods. Hadid and her firm were working on some 50 buildings when she died; their completion will roughly double the structures built while alive. The Port House (2016), Antwerp, office building repurposes a historic brick fire station, with an angled glass-and-steel addition above it; the King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center (2018), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, has an energy-conserving, coolness-retaining design built on hexagonal cellular shell structures. Hadid was the first woman to win (2004) the Pritzker PrizePritzker Prize, officially The Pritzker Architecture Prize , award for excellence in architecture, given annually since 1979. Largely modeled on the Nobel Prize, it is the premier architectural award in the United States and is named for the family that founded the ..... Click the link for more information. , and was created Dame Commander, Order of the British Empire, in 2012. Bibliography See A. Betsky, Zaha Hadid: The Complete Work (1998); P. Noever, ed., Zaha Hadid: Architecture (2003); G. F. Giusti, Zaha Hadid (2004); T. Sakamoto, Zaha Hadid: Works (CD-ROM, 2003).
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