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单词 presumptions
释义

presumption

noun

pre·​sump·​tion pri-ˈzəm(p)-shən How to pronounce presumption (audio)
1
: presumptuous attitude or conduct : audacity
2
a
: an attitude or belief dictated by probability : assumption
b
: the ground, reason, or evidence lending probability to a belief
3
: a legal inference as to the existence or truth of a fact not certainly known that is drawn from the known or proved existence of some other fact

Synonyms

  • audaciousness
  • audacity
  • brashness
  • brass
  • brassiness
  • brazenness
  • cheek
  • cheekiness
  • chutzpah
  • chutzpa
  • hutzpah
  • hutzpa
  • crust
  • effrontery
  • face
  • gall
  • nerve
  • nerviness
  • pertness
  • presumptuousness
  • sauce
  • sauciness
  • temerity
See all Synonyms & Antonyms

Example Sentences

The trial was unfair from the beginning because there was no presumption of innocence. a defendant's right to a presumption of innocence
Recent Examples on the Web Coaches were thought to possess the most potent form of GDS, and some took advantage of the presumption. Tess Mcnulty, Harper’s Magazine , 17 Aug. 2022 Esther went missing four years ago and has never been found, the presumption being that she was abducted. Owen Gleiberman, Variety, 17 Aug. 2022 Now, if the court grants the Gladson's motion, the legal presumption of innocence for these four men would be restored. Kiara Alfonseca, ABC News, 26 Oct. 2021 Nothing in the text of the 2018 criminal-justice bill altered that presumption, Justice Sotomayor said. Jan Wolfe, WSJ, 27 June 2022 Companies can in theory rebut that presumption, but the burden is heavy. Richard Vanderford, WSJ, 4 July 2022 The other thing would be the repercussions that come with assumption and presumption. Rebecca Theodore-vachon, Harper's BAZAAR, 24 May 2022 Although the presumption now is that this was done out of some leftist sense of equality, that was not the reason. Jacobina Martin, Washington Post, 5 July 2022 For Ellison, presumption is the gravest of critical sins, and humility the greatest of critical virtues. Anthony Domestico, The Atlantic, 5 July 2022 See More

Word History

Etymology

Middle English presumpcioun, from Anglo-French presumption, from Late Latin & Latin; Late Latin praesumption-, praesumptio presumptuous attitude, from Latin, assumption, from praesumere

First Known Use

13th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Kids Definition

presumption

noun

pre·​sump·​tion pri-ˈzəmp-shən How to pronounce presumption (audio)
1
: behavior or attitude going beyond what is proper
2
: a strong reason for believing something to be so
3
: something believed to be so but not proved

Legal Definition

presumption

noun

pre·​sump·​tion pri-ˈzəmp-shən How to pronounce presumption (audio)
: an inference as to the existence of a fact not certainly known that the law requires to be drawn from the known or proven existence of some other fact
conclusive presumption
: a presumption that the law does not allow to be rebutted

called also irrebuttable presumption

compare rebuttable presumption in this entry
mandatory presumption
: a presumption that a jury is required by law to make upon proof of a given fact compare permissive presumption in this entry
permissive presumption
: an inference or presumption that a jury is allowed but not required to make from a given set of facts

called also permissive inference

compare mandatory presumption in this entry
presumption of fact
: a presumption founded on a previous experience or on general knowledge of a connection between a known fact and one inferred from it
presumption of innocence
: a rebuttable presumption in the favor of the defendant in a criminal action imposing on the prosecution the burden of proving guilt beyond a reasonable doubt
presumption of intent
: a permissive presumption that if a criminal defendant committed an act it was his or her intent to commit it
presumption of law
: a presumption (as of the innocence of a criminal defendant) founded on a rule or policy of law regardless of fact
presumption of survivorship
: the presumption in the absence of direct evidence that of two or more persons dying in a common disaster (as a fire) one was the last to die because of youth, strength, or other reasons rendering survivorship likely
rebuttable presumption
: a presumption that may be rebutted by evidence to the contrary compare conclusive presumption in this entry

presumptions

noun

plural of presumption
as in assumptions
something taken as being true or factual and used as a starting point for a course of action or reasoning the presumption of innocence

Synonyms & Similar Words

Relevance
  • assumptions
  • theories
  • premises
  • beliefs
  • hypotheses
  • presuppositions
  • suppositions
  • postulates
  • hypotheticals
  • givens
  • ifs
  • principles
  • premisses
  • assertions
  • axioms
  • truisms
  • doctrines
  • verities
  • propositions
  • standards
  • inferences
  • laws
  • rules
  • theses
  • dogmas
  • precepts
  • tenets
  • conclusions
  • declarations
  • gospels
  • foundations
  • dogmata
  • grounds
  • affirmations
  • canons
  • deductions
  • dicta
  • dictums
  • bases
  • avouchments
  • ipse dixits
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更新时间:2024/9/22 8:32:29