英语词汇“jurisdictions”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

Legal Definition

jurisdiction

noun

ju·ris·dic·tion ˌju̇r-əs-ˈdik-shən How to pronounce jurisdiction (audio)

: the power, right, or authority to interpret, apply, and declare the law (as by rendering a decision)

to be removed to the State having jurisdiction of the crime

U.S. Constitution art. IV

a court of competent jurisdiction

see also situs, International Shoe Co. v. Washington compare venue

Note: Jurisdiction determines which court system should properly adjudicate a case. Questions of jurisdiction also arise regarding quasi-judicial bodies (as administrative agencies) in their decision-making capacities.

— alienage jurisdiction

: jurisdiction granted to federal courts over civil disputes between a state or citizen and a foreign state or citizens or subjects of a foreign state

— ancillary jurisdiction

: jurisdiction giving a court the power to adjudicate claims (as counterclaims and cross-claims) because they arise from a cause of action over which the court has original jurisdiction

specifically : supplemental jurisdiction acquired by a federal court allowing it to adjudicate claims that are based on state law but that form part of a case brought to the court under its diversity jurisdiction compare pendent jurisdiction in this entry

Note: Ancillary jurisdiction allows a single court to decide an entire case instead of dividing the claims among several courts and proceedings, and allows a federal court to decide a claim that would otherwise be properly brought to a state court.

— appellate jurisdiction

: the jurisdiction granted to particular courts to hear appeals of the decisions of lower tribunals and to reverse, affirm, or modify those decisions compare original jurisdiction in this entry

— concurrent jurisdiction

: jurisdiction that is shared by different courts and that may allow for removal two states may have concurrent jurisdiction over crimes committed on boundary rivers

W. R. LaFave and A. W. Scott, Jr.

— consent jurisdiction

: jurisdiction granted by consent of the parties

— diversity jurisdiction

: the jurisdiction granted to federal courts over civil disputes involving parties having diverse citizenship (as in being from different states) where the matter in controversy exceeds a statutory amount (as $75,000)

Note: The diversity jurisdiction of the district courts requires that there be complete diversity of the parties, which means that no party on one side has the same citizenship as a party on the other side. Interpleader in federal district courts, however, requires only minimal diversity, which means that at least one party has citizenship that differs from the others. The federal courts have traditionally refused to exercise their diversity jurisdiction over cases involving domestic relations and probate.

— exclusive jurisdiction

: jurisdiction granted only to a particular court to the exclusion of others federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction over bankruptcy cases

— federal question jurisdiction

: the jurisdiction granted to federal courts over civil actions arising under the Constitution, federal laws, or treaties of the U.S. : federal jurisdiction over cases involving a federal question see also well-pleaded complaint rule

Note: The federal courts have usually interpreted the statutory phrase “arising under” rather strictly. U.S. Supreme Court decisions have held that the plaintiff's pleading must establish that the cause of action raises an issue of federal law (as by depending on construction or application of a federal law).

— general jurisdiction

: jurisdiction that is not limited (as to a particular class of cases)

specifically : the personal jurisdiction granted a court over a party allowing the court to adjudicate a cause of action that does not arise out of or is not related to the party's contacts within the territory of that court

— in personam jurisdiction \\ ˌin-pər-ˈsō-nəm-, -per-ˈsō-näm- \\

: the jurisdiction granted a court over persons before it that allows the court to issue a binding judgment : personal jurisdiction in this entry

— in rem jurisdiction \\ in-ˈrem- \\

: the jurisdiction granted a court over property that allows the court to issue binding judgments (as an order for partition) affecting a person's interests in the property compare personal jurisdiction in this entry

— jurisdiction in personam

: in personam jurisdiction in this entry

— jurisdiction in rem

: in rem jurisdiction in this entry

— limited jurisdiction

: jurisdiction that is restricted (as to a type of case)

— original jurisdiction

: the jurisdiction granted a court to try a case in the first instance, make findings of fact, and render a usually appealable decision the district courts shall have original jurisdiction of all civil actions arising under the Constitution, laws, or treaties of the United States — U.S. Code

— pendent jurisdiction

: supplemental jurisdiction that allows a federal court to adjudicate state law claims which form part of a case that was brought to it under its federal question jurisdiction

also : pendent party jurisdiction in this entry compare ancillary jurisdiction in this entry

— pendent party jurisdiction

: supplemental jurisdiction that allows a federal court to adjudicate a state law claim asserted against a third party which is part of a case brought to it under its original jurisdiction

— personal jurisdiction

: the jurisdiction granted a court over the parties before it that allows it to issue a binding judgment see also doing business statute, fair play and substantial justice, long-arm statute, minimum contacts compare subject matter jurisdiction in this entry

Note: The U.S. Supreme Court has held in a series of decisions that the exercise of personal jurisdiction must meet the requirements of due process and must not violate notions of fair play and substantial justice. The constitutional standard to determine whether a party is subject to the personal jurisdiction of a court is whether that party has had minimum contacts within the territory (as a state) of that court.

— primary jurisdiction

: the jurisdiction granted by a judicially created doctrine to an administrative agency to decide certain controversies initially before relief is sought in the courts compare exhaustion of remedies

— quasi in rem jurisdiction

: the jurisdiction of a court over a person which is based on the person's interests in property under the court's jurisdiction and which allows the court to issue a binding judgment against the person see also sequestration compare personal jurisdiction in this entry

— specific jurisdiction

: personal jurisdiction granted a court over a party that allows it to adjudicate only a cause of action that arises out of or is related to the party's contacts within the territory of that court compare general jurisdiction in this entry

— subject matter jurisdiction

: the jurisdiction of a court over the subject, type, or cause of action of a case that allows the court to issue a binding judgment housing court lacks subject matter jurisdiction to adjudicate fraudulent conveyance actions — National Law Journal compare personal jurisdiction in this entry

Note: Diversity jurisdiction, federal question jurisdiction, and jurisdiction over admiralty and bankruptcy cases are examples of the federal courts' subject matter jurisdiction. Subject matter jurisdiction is generally established by statute.

— supplemental jurisdiction

: jurisdiction granted federal courts over claims that could not be heard in a federal court on their own but that are so closely related to claims over which the court has original jurisdiction that they form part of the same case see also ancillary jurisdiction and pendent jurisdiction in this entry

Note: Supplemental jurisdiction was created by a federal statute that codified the judicially created doctrines of ancillary and pendent jurisdiction.

: the authority (as of a state) to govern or legislate

the trade bill was within the Ways and Means committee's jurisdiction

whether a foreign state shall be subject to the jurisdiction of another

broadly : the power or right to exercise authority

the department of consumer affairs has jurisdiction over such complaints

: the limits or territory within which authority may be exercised

no new State shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any other State

U.S. Constitution art. IV

called also territorial jurisdiction

单词	jurisdictions
释义	jurisdiction noun ju·ris·dic·tion ˌju̇r-əs-ˈdik-shən 1 : the power, right, or authority to interpret and apply the law a matter that falls within the court's jurisdiction 2 a : the authority of a sovereign power to govern or legislate b : the power or right to exercise authority : control 3 : the limits or territory within which authority may be exercised jurisdictional ˌju̇r-əs-ˈdik-shnəl -shə-nᵊl adjective jurisdictionally adverb Did you know? Questions of jurisdiction are generally technical legal matters. The most important ones include which court will hear a given case and which law-enforcement agency can get involved. But although they may seem like mere technicalities, jurisdictional matters sometimes turn out to be all-important in the final outcome. Jurisdiction may depend on where you are (for example, in which state), on who you are (if you're a juvenile, for example, you may only be tried in juvenile court), and on what the subject is (for example, cases involving the estate left by someone who has died are dealt with in probate court). Synonyms administration authority governance government regime régime regimen rule See all Synonyms & Antonyms Example Sentences The court has jurisdiction over most criminal offenses. His attorney claimed the court lacked jurisdiction in this matter. The matter falls outside the jurisdiction of this court. territory under the jurisdiction of the federal government He was arrested in another jurisdiction. Recent Examples on the Web Under the Court’s reasoning, there is no jurisdiction for the Tax Court to hear the whistleblower’s case – and the case will be dismissed. Dean Zerbe, Forbes, 17 Aug. 2022 The interaction between the floatplane and boat occurred in the community of Halibut Cove, outside the jurisdiction of Kachemak Bay State Park, a park ranger said. Megan Pacer, Anchorage Daily News, 27 Aug. 2022 The Ohio Supreme Court ruled Wednesday that a state law that prohibits stopped trains from blocking railroad crossings for more than five minutes is not enforceable, given the issue falls under the jurisdiction of federal laws. Erin Couch, The Enquirer, 17 Aug. 2022 And as a matter of fact, the Texas governor's actions are legally questionable: The Supreme Court has been clear that immigration matters fall under the jurisdiction of the federal government. Raul A. Reyes, CNN, 14 Aug. 2022 Violations of pipeline safety regulations would be handled separately and fall under jurisdiction of the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, part of the U.S. Department of Transportation. Matthew Brown, ajc, 12 Aug. 2022 At issue throughout the government’s case against Mr. Hoskins was whether the executive, a U.K. citizen who worked for the French trainmaker in Paris, fell under the jurisdiction of U.S. antibribery laws. Dylan Tokar, WSJ, 12 Aug. 2022 Some synagogues, for example, require new members to accept the jurisdiction of a rabbinical court for spiritual disputes. Matt Ford, The New Republic, 27 July 2022 The concrete channel falls under the jurisdiction of the Los Angeles County Flood Control District, but the dirt path parallel to it is part of the Los Angeles city street system. Los Angeles Times, 19 July 2022 See More Word History Etymology Middle English jurisdiccioun, from Anglo-French & Latin; Anglo-French jurisdiction, from Latin jurisdiction-, jurisdictio, from juris + diction-, dictio act of saying — more at diction First Known Use 14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1 Legal Definition jurisdiction noun ju·ris·dic·tion ˌju̇r-əs-ˈdik-shən 1 : the power, right, or authority to interpret, apply, and declare the law (as by rendering a decision) to be removed to the State having jurisdiction of the crime U.S. Constitution art. IV a court of competent jurisdiction see also situs, International Shoe Co. v. Washington compare venue Note: Jurisdiction determines which court system should properly adjudicate a case. Questions of jurisdiction also arise regarding quasi-judicial bodies (as administrative agencies) in their decision-making capacities. — alienage jurisdiction : jurisdiction granted to federal courts over civil disputes between a state or citizen and a foreign state or citizens or subjects of a foreign state — ancillary jurisdiction : jurisdiction giving a court the power to adjudicate claims (as counterclaims and cross-claims) because they arise from a cause of action over which the court has original jurisdiction specifically : supplemental jurisdiction acquired by a federal court allowing it to adjudicate claims that are based on state law but that form part of a case brought to the court under its diversity jurisdiction compare pendent jurisdiction in this entry Note: Ancillary jurisdiction allows a single court to decide an entire case instead of dividing the claims among several courts and proceedings, and allows a federal court to decide a claim that would otherwise be properly brought to a state court. — appellate jurisdiction : the jurisdiction granted to particular courts to hear appeals of the decisions of lower tribunals and to reverse, affirm, or modify those decisions compare original jurisdiction in this entry — concurrent jurisdiction : jurisdiction that is shared by different courts and that may allow for removal two states may have concurrent jurisdiction over crimes committed on boundary rivers W. R. LaFave and A. W. Scott, Jr. — consent jurisdiction : jurisdiction granted by consent of the parties — diversity jurisdiction : the jurisdiction granted to federal courts over civil disputes involving parties having diverse citizenship (as in being from different states) where the matter in controversy exceeds a statutory amount (as $75,000) Note: The diversity jurisdiction of the district courts requires that there be complete diversity of the parties, which means that no party on one side has the same citizenship as a party on the other side. Interpleader in federal district courts, however, requires only minimal diversity, which means that at least one party has citizenship that differs from the others. The federal courts have traditionally refused to exercise their diversity jurisdiction over cases involving domestic relations and probate. — exclusive jurisdiction : jurisdiction granted only to a particular court to the exclusion of others federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction over bankruptcy cases — federal question jurisdiction : the jurisdiction granted to federal courts over civil actions arising under the Constitution, federal laws, or treaties of the U.S. : federal jurisdiction over cases involving a federal question see also well-pleaded complaint rule Note: The federal courts have usually interpreted the statutory phrase “arising under” rather strictly. U.S. Supreme Court decisions have held that the plaintiff's pleading must establish that the cause of action raises an issue of federal law (as by depending on construction or application of a federal law). — general jurisdiction : jurisdiction that is not limited (as to a particular class of cases) specifically : the personal jurisdiction granted a court over a party allowing the court to adjudicate a cause of action that does not arise out of or is not related to the party's contacts within the territory of that court — in personam jurisdiction \\ ˌin-pər-ˈsō-nəm-, -per-ˈsō-näm- \\ : the jurisdiction granted a court over persons before it that allows the court to issue a binding judgment : personal jurisdiction in this entry — in rem jurisdiction \\ in-ˈrem- \\ : the jurisdiction granted a court over property that allows the court to issue binding judgments (as an order for partition) affecting a person's interests in the property compare personal jurisdiction in this entry — jurisdiction in personam : in personam jurisdiction in this entry — jurisdiction in rem : in rem jurisdiction in this entry — limited jurisdiction : jurisdiction that is restricted (as to a type of case) — original jurisdiction : the jurisdiction granted a court to try a case in the first instance, make findings of fact, and render a usually appealable decision the district courts shall have original jurisdiction of all civil actions arising under the Constitution, laws, or treaties of the United States — U.S. Code — pendent jurisdiction : supplemental jurisdiction that allows a federal court to adjudicate state law claims which form part of a case that was brought to it under its federal question jurisdiction also : pendent party jurisdiction in this entry compare ancillary jurisdiction in this entry — pendent party jurisdiction : supplemental jurisdiction that allows a federal court to adjudicate a state law claim asserted against a third party which is part of a case brought to it under its original jurisdiction — personal jurisdiction : the jurisdiction granted a court over the parties before it that allows it to issue a binding judgment see also doing business statute, fair play and substantial justice, long-arm statute, minimum contacts compare subject matter jurisdiction in this entry Note: The U.S. Supreme Court has held in a series of decisions that the exercise of personal jurisdiction must meet the requirements of due process and must not violate notions of fair play and substantial justice. The constitutional standard to determine whether a party is subject to the personal jurisdiction of a court is whether that party has had minimum contacts within the territory (as a state) of that court. — primary jurisdiction : the jurisdiction granted by a judicially created doctrine to an administrative agency to decide certain controversies initially before relief is sought in the courts compare exhaustion of remedies — quasi in rem jurisdiction : the jurisdiction of a court over a person which is based on the person's interests in property under the court's jurisdiction and which allows the court to issue a binding judgment against the person see also sequestration compare personal jurisdiction in this entry — specific jurisdiction : personal jurisdiction granted a court over a party that allows it to adjudicate only a cause of action that arises out of or is related to the party's contacts within the territory of that court compare general jurisdiction in this entry — subject matter jurisdiction : the jurisdiction of a court over the subject, type, or cause of action of a case that allows the court to issue a binding judgment housing court lacks subject matter jurisdiction to adjudicate fraudulent conveyance actions — National Law Journal compare personal jurisdiction in this entry Note: Diversity jurisdiction, federal question jurisdiction, and jurisdiction over admiralty and bankruptcy cases are examples of the federal courts' subject matter jurisdiction. Subject matter jurisdiction is generally established by statute. — supplemental jurisdiction : jurisdiction granted federal courts over claims that could not be heard in a federal court on their own but that are so closely related to claims over which the court has original jurisdiction that they form part of the same case see also ancillary jurisdiction and pendent jurisdiction in this entry Note: Supplemental jurisdiction was created by a federal statute that codified the judicially created doctrines of ancillary and pendent jurisdiction. 2 : the authority (as of a state) to govern or legislate the trade bill was within the Ways and Means committee's jurisdiction whether a foreign state shall be subject to the jurisdiction of another broadly : the power or right to exercise authority the department of consumer affairs has jurisdiction over such complaints 3 : the limits or territory within which authority may be exercised no new State shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any other State U.S. Constitution art. IV called also territorial jurisdiction History and Etymology for jurisdiction Latin jurisdictio, from juris, genitive of jus law + dictio act of saying, from dicere to say jurisdictions noun plural of jurisdiction as in governments lawful control over the affairs of a political unit (as a nation) the United States has no jurisdiction over Cuba Synonyms & Similar Words Relevance governments rules governances administrations regimes authorities sovereignties powers regimens dictatorships reigns leaderships régimes tyrannies regulations dominions dominations oppressions supremacies autocracies managements hegemonies supervisions directions subjugations sways sovranties commands superintendences masteries
随便看	sangu sangui- sanguicolous sanguified sanguifies sanguify sanguifying sanguimotor sanguinaria sanguinariae sanguinarias sanguinarily sanguinary sanguinary ant sanguine sanguined sanguinely sanguineness sanguinenesses sanguineous sanguiner sanguines sanguinest sanguini- sanguinian

jurisdiction

noun

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Legal Definition

noun

noun