caisson disease
noun
: decompression sickness
Note: The name caisson disease stems from the occurrence of decompression sickness in individuals working on tunnel and bridge construction in underwater caissons filled with compressed air.
Example Sentences
Recent Examples on the Web Readers will be shocked to learn that Washington Roebling contracted caisson disease soon after construction began, forcing him to work from his bed while his wife worked at the site. 
Michael Sangiacomo, cleveland.com, 1 May 2018
Michael Sangiacomo, cleveland.com, 1 May 2018 Word History
First Known Use
1873, in the meaning defined above
Medical Definition
caisson disease
noun
cais·son disease
ˈkā-ˌsän-, ˈkās-ᵊn-; British often kə-ˈsün-
: decompression sickness