单词	melanosome
释义	melanosome noun me·​la·​no·​some mə-ˈla-nə-ˌsōm  ˈme-lə-nə- plural melanosomes : one of the membrane-bound spherical to elliptical granules within a melanocyte (as in skin, eyes, or hair follicles) that functions in the synthesis, storage, and transport of melanin and that transfer melanin from melanocytes to keratinocytes in skin and hair shafts The melanin emerges from the cells in tiny cucumberlike particles called melanosomes that rise through a branching network of tubelike connections, eventually to board the keratinocytes rising from the basal-cell layer to the outer keratin layer. James C. G. Conniff also : a similar melanin-producing granule in a melanophore In contrast to mammalian melanosomes, the melanosomes in fish and amphibian melanophores, which are equivalent to the melanocytes in mammals, are rapidly transported bidirectionally in response to extracellular stimuli and are not transferred to neighboring cells. M. Fukada Example Sentences Recent Examples on the Web Paleontologists have recently questioned earlier hypotheses about which melanosome shapes create which particular shades. Riley Black, Scientific American, 20 Apr. 2022 This study is the first time different melanosome shapes have been found in a pterosaur, suggesting both a genetic link to birds and that the feathers on the pterosaur were multicolored. NBC News, 20 Apr. 2022 Niacinamide, a form of vitamin B3, inhibits melanosome transfer (with melanin) to skin cells. Dori Price, Good Housekeeping, 23 Mar. 2021 The color produced by melanosomes is determined by their shape—round ones indicate a color anywhere from yellow to brown, while elongated ones are grayscale. Rachel Fritts, Ars Technica, 15 Jan. 2020 Tiny cellular structures called melanosomes vary in color depending on their shape: Black ones are sausage-like; reds are round. Popular Science, 11 Apr. 2020 The researchers found that hummingbirds’ melanosomes are far more intricate than those of other birds. Kate Baggaley, Popular Science, 10 Jan. 2020 The team also looked for the tiny melanosomes that could give an indication of the feathers’ former colors. Rachel Fritts, Ars Technica, 15 Jan. 2020 Keratin doesn’t fossilize well, but melanosomes often do. Meilan Solly, Smithsonian, 28 June 2019 See More Word History Etymology melano- + -some entry 3 First Known Use 1961, in the meaning defined above Medical Definition melanosome noun me·​la·​no·​some mə-ˈlan-ə-ˌsōm, ˈmel-ə-nō-  : one of the membrane-bound spherical to elliptical granules within a melanocyte (as in skin, eyes, or hair follicles) that functions in the synthesis, storage, and transport of melanin and that transfer melanin from melanocytes to keratinocytes in skin and hair shafts The size and shape of eumelanin particles in the body depend on the size and shape of the melanosomes, the organelles in melanocytes that synthesize melanin. Corinna Wu, Science News also : a similar melanin-producing granule in a melanophore
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