a republic in NW Africa, on the Atlantic: established as a French protectorate in 1903 and a colony in 1920; gained independence in 1960; lies in the Sahara; contains rich resources of iron ore. Official language: Arabic; Fulani, Soninke, Wolof, and French are also spoken. Official religion: Muslim. Currency: ouguiya. Capital: Nouakchott. Pop: 4 420 184 (2017 est). Area: 1 030 700 sq km (398 000 sq miles)
Official name: Islamic Republic of Mauritania
Mauritania in American English
(ˌmɔrəˈteɪniə; ˌmɔrəˈteɪnjə)
country in NW Africa, on the Atlantic: formerly a French protectorate & colony, itbecame independent in 1960: 398,000 sq mi (1,030,816 sq km); pop. 1,864,000; cap. Nouakchott