The malpresentation rate was 2/13 (%15.4) (breech-breech).
Ibrahim ESINLER, Dinara BEISHENOVA, Deniz AKYOL, Lütfü ÖNDEROGLU 2005, 'Umblical Cord Prolapsus: Maternal ve Fetal Results', Turkish Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecologyhttp://www.tjoddergisi.org/archives/archive-detail/article-preview/umblical-cord-prolapsus-maternal-ve-fetal-results/9352. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The patient underwent cesarean section at 34 weeks due to preterm labor and fetal malpresentation.
Wen-Jui Yang, Chie-Pein Chen, Chen-Yu Chen, Kuo-Gon Wang, Tsung-Hsien Su 2005, 'Fetal Meconium Peritonitis Associated with Prenatal Methamphetamine Exposure', Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecologyhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1028455909601364. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Pregnancy complications were higher consisting of 3.2% multifetal, 16.6% malpresentation, and 7.1% placenta previa.
Sianty Dewi, Ferry Ferry, Eddy Toynbee, Sandhy Prayudhana 2016, 'Maternal and Fetal Outcome on Pregnancy in Advanced Maternal Age', Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecologyhttp://inajog.com/index.php/journal/article/view/432. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Improved hospital management of malpresentation may significantly reduce perinatal morbidity and mortality.
Trisari Anggondowati, Ayman A. E. El-Mohandes, S. Nurul Qomariyah, Michele Kiely,Judith J. Ryon, Reginald F. Gipson, Benjamin Zinner, Anhari Achadi, Linda L. Wright 2017, 'Maternal characteristics and obstetrical complications impact neonatal outcomes inIndonesia: a prospective study', BMC Pregnancy and Childbirthhttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12884-017-1280-1. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Cephalopelvic disproportion, persistent occipitoposterior position, and malpresentation were seen in 65.37%, 16.58%, and11.71%, respectively.
Babagana Bako, Emmanuel Barka, Abubakar A Kullima 2018, 'Prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of obstructed labor at the University of MaiduguriTeaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria', Sahel Medical Journalhttp://www.smjonline.org/article.asp?issn=1118-8561;year=2018;volume=21;issue=3;spage=117;epage=121;aulast=Bako. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Breech was the commonest malpresentation 83 (82.1%).
Smrity Maskey, Yam Dwa 2018, 'Predisposing Factors and Outcome of Malpresentations in an Institute', Journal of Nepal Medical Associationhttps://www.jnma.com.np/jnma/index.php/jnma/article/view/3640. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The most common indications for caesarean were previous caesarean (7.0%), cephalopelvic disproportion (6.3%), malpresentation (4.7%) andfetal distress (3.3%).
Henderson-Smart David J, Ewens Melissa R, Pattanittum Porjai, Laopaiboon Malinee,Festin Mario R, Crowther Caroline A 2009, 'Caesarean section in four South East Asian countries: reasons for, rates, associatedcare practices and health outcomes', BMC Pregnancy and Childbirthhttp://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2393/9/17. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
They are often associated with reproductive problems such as miscarriage, premature labour, premature rupture of the membranes, or malpresentation.
Arzu Doruk, Ilay Gozukara, Güneş Burkaş, Esin Bilik, Talat Umut Kutlu Dilek 2013, 'Spontaneous Twin Pregnancy in Uterus Bicornis Unicollis', Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecologyhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/834952. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Three indications: malpresentation, prior cesarean section, and dysfunctional labor together accounted for 82.6% of cesarean section with medical indications.
Yeh Mei-Chiang, Hsu Chun-Sen, Tai Chen-Jei, Chu Kuei-Hui, Chien Li-Yin 2010, 'Women's preference for cesarean delivery and differences between Taiwanese women undergoingdifferent modes of delivery', BMC Health Services Researchhttp://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6963/10/138. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Other causes were malposition (23%), malpresentation (18.21%), fetal congenital abnormality (1.28%), myoma (0.32%), and non-dilatation of cervix (1.60%).
Sabyasachi Mondal, Arunima Chaudhuri, Gourisankar Kamilya, Debojyoti Santra 2013, 'Fetomaternal outcome in obstructed labor in a peripheral tertiary care hospital',Medical Journal of Dr. D.Y. Patil Universityhttp://www.mjdrdypu.org/article.asp?issn=0975-2870;year=2013;volume=6;issue=2;spage=146;epage=150;aulast=Mondal. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)