Thus, grass carp maintains an optimal composition of the macrophytic communities in the hydroecosystem.
R. Nastova, V. Kostov, N. Gjorgovska, V. Levkov 2018, 'Influence of biomanipulation on the living communities and the water quality in theStrezhevo hydroecosystem, R. Macedonia', Agricultural Science and Technologyhttp://agriscitech.eu/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/014.pdf. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Moreover, this species consumes filamentous and unicellular algae, diatoms, fungi, and macrophytic remains.
Verónica Williner, Pablo A Collins 2013, 'Feeding ecology of the freshwater crab Trichodactylus borellianus (Decapoda: Trichodactylidae)in the floodplain of the Paraná River, southern South America', Latin American Journal of Aquatic Researchhttp://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-560X2013000400015&lng=en&tlng=en. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Charophytes (stoneworts and bassweeds) are a typical macrophytic component of inland water ecosystems.
Rossano Bolpagni, Eugenia Bettoni, Francesco Bonomi, Mariano Bresciani, Ketty Caraffini,Silvia Costaraoss, Federica Giacomazzi, Catia Monauni, Paola Montanari, Maria CristinaMosconi, Alessandro Oggioni, Giovanna Pellegrini, Chiara Zampieri 2013, 'Charophytes of the lake Garda (Northern Italy): a preliminary assessment of diversityand distribution', Journal of Limnologyhttp://www.jlimnol.it/index.php/jlimnol/article/view/616. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The snails, surface-living bacteria, algae and macrophytic plants are considered as co-evolved,interactive modular systems with strong mutualistic elements.
J. D. Thomas 1995, 'The snail hosts of schistosomiasis: some evolutionary and ecological perspectivesin relation to control', Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0074-02761995000200012. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)