a method of training in which the reinforcement is made contingent on the occurrence of the response
Compare classical conditioning
Examples of 'instrumental learning' in a sentence
instrumental learning
To measure functional plasticity in the lumbar cord, we used an established instrumental learning paradigm.
Christopher Nelson Hansen, Timothy Dale Faw, John A. Buford, Susan eWhite, James WGrau, D. Michele eBasso 2016, 'Sparing of descending axons rescues interneuron plasticity in the lumbar cord to allowadaptive learning after thoracic spinal cord injury', Frontiers in Neural Circuitshttp://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fncir.2016.00011/full. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The modes were independent learning, instrumental learning, interactive learning, and collaborative learning.
Olabisi Kuboni 2013, 'The Preferred Learning Modes of Online Graduate Students', International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learninghttp://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/1462/2530. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The animals' capabilities were subsequently checked in the rotarod test, and for classical and instrumental learning.
Noelia Madroñal, Cristina López-Aracil, Alejandra Rangel, José A. del Río, José M.Delgado-García, Agnès Gruart 2010, 'Effects of Enriched Physical and Social Environments on Motor Performance, AssociativeLearning, and Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Mice', PLoS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0011130. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Instrumental learning and decision-making rely on two parallel systems: a goal-directed and a habitual system.
Zsuzsika Sjoerds, Anja Dietrich, Lorenz Deserno, Lorenz Deserno, Lorenz Deserno, SanneDe Wit, Sanne De Wit, Arno Villringer, Arno Villringer, Hans-Jochen Heinze, Hans-JochenHeinze, Florian Schlagenhauf, Florian Schlagenhauf, Florian Schlagenhauf, AnnetteHorstmann, Annette Horstmann 2016, 'Slips of action and sequential decisions: a cross-validation study of tasks assessinghabitual and goal-directed action control', Frontiers in Behavioral Neurosciencehttp://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnbeh.2016.00234/full. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Instrumental learning paradigms are rarely employed to investigate the mechanisms underlying acquired fear responses in social anxiety.
Anna eAbraham, Anna eAbraham, Christiane eHermann 2015, 'Biases in probabilistic category learning in relation to social anxiety', Frontiers in Psychologyhttp://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01218/full. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
While instrumental learning emerged as a strong factor, the most dominant construct emerging was a dimension of collaborative learning.
Olabisi Kuboni 2013, 'The Preferred Learning Modes of Online Graduate Students', International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learninghttp://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/1462/2530. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Finally, although losses are as informative as gains, we find that subjects neglect losses in their instrumental learning.
Quentin J M Huys, Roshan Cools, Martin Gölzer, Eva Friedel, Andreas Heinz, RaymondJ Dolan, Peter Dayan 2011, 'Disentangling the roles of approach, activation and valence in instrumental and pavlovianresponding.', PLoS Computational Biologyhttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3080848?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Additionally, alterations of instrumental learning, which relies on fronto-striatal networks, may contribute to the observation of inflexible behaviour.
Nick P Lao-Kaim, Leon Fonville, Vincent P Giampietro, Steven C R Williams, AndrewSimmons, Kate Tchanturia 2015, 'Aberrant function of learning and cognitive control networks underlie inefficientcognitive flexibility in anorexia nervosa: a cross-sectional fMRI study.', PLoS ONEhttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4430209?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Instrumental learning focuses on learning through task-oriented problem solving and determination of cause and effect relationships.
Fatimah Al-Asadi 2016, 'Monitoring Assessments toward the Development of Transformative Learning for IraqiCollege Students', International Journal of Social Sciences & Educational Studieshttp://ijsses.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/Monitoring-Assessments-toward-the-Development-of-Transformative-Learning-for-Iraqi-College-Students.pdf. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
According to dual-system theory, instrumental learning and performance depend on the balance between goal-directed and habitual action control.
Anja Dietrich, Sanne De Wit, Annette Horstmann, Annette Horstmann, Annette Horstmann 2016, 'General habit propensity relates to the sensation seeking subdomain of impulsivitybut not obesity', Frontiers in Behavioral Neurosciencehttp://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnbeh.2016.00213/full. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)