the region between the outer wall and the inner cytoplasmic membrane of a biological (esp bacterial) cell
periplasm in American English
(ˈperəˌplæzəm)
noun
an outer cytoplasmic layer that surrounds the oosphere in certain fungi
Word origin
[1885–90; peri- + -plasm]This word is first recorded in the period 1885–90. Other words that entered Englishat around the same time include: reactor, roller coaster, scrum, toner, upsweepperi- is a prefix meaning “about” or “around” (perimeter, periscope), “enclosing” or “surrounding” (pericardium), and “near” (perigee, perihelion), appearing in loanwords from Greek (peripeteia). On this model, peri- is used in the formation of compound words (perimorph); -plasm is a combining form with the meanings “living substance,” “tissue,” “substance ofa cell,” used in the formation of compound words. Other words that use the affix -plasm include: cytoplasm, endoplasm, neoplasm
Examples of 'periplasm' in a sentence
periplasm
Bacterial cyclic glucans are glucose polymers that concentrate within the periplasm of alpha-proteobacteria.
Anna Martirosyan, Camino Pérez-Gutierrez, Romain Banchereau, Hélène Dutartre, PatrickLecine, Melissa Dullaers, Marielle Mello, Suzana Pinto Salcedo, Alexandre Muller,Lee Leserman, Yves Levy, Gerard Zurawski, Sandy Zurawski, Edgardo Moreno, IgnacioMoriyón, Eynav Klechevsky, Jacques Banchereau, Sangkon Oh, Jean-Pierre Gorvel 2012, 'Brucella β 1,2 cyclic glucan is an activator of human and mouse dendritic cells.',PLoS Pathogenshttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3499565?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Besides its role as phospholipase it lets urea enter and ammonium exit the periplasm.
Hilde S. Vollan, Tone Tannæs, Dominique A. Caugant, Gert Vriend, Geir Bukholm 2017, 'Outer membrane phospholipase A's roles in Helicobacter pylori acid adaptation', Gut Pathogenshttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13099-017-0184-y. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Gram-negative bacteria are surrounded by two membrane bilayers separated by a space termed the periplasm.
Samuel I Miller, Nina R Salama 2018, 'The gram-negative bacterial periplasm: Size matters.', PLoS Biologyhttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5771553?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Bacterial efflux pumps transport small molecules from the cytoplasm or periplasm outside the cell.
Abigail L Reens, Amy L Crooks, Chih-Chia Su, Toni A Nagy, David L Reens, Jessica DPodoll, Madeline E Edwards, Edward W Yu, Corrella S Detweiler 2018, 'A cell-based infection assay identifies efflux pump modulators that reduce bacterialintracellular load.', PLoS Pathogenshttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6007937?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Some proteins are folded before being released and transit into the periplasm.
Alain eFILLOUX 2011, 'Protein secretion systems in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: an essay on diversity, evolutionand function', Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiologyhttp://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2011.00155/full. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Our results demonstrate the physiological importance of the size of the periplasm.
Abir T Asmar, Josie L Ferreira, Eli J Cohen, Seung-Hyun Cho, Morgan Beeby, Kelly THughes, Jean-François Collet 2017, 'Communication across the bacterial cell envelope depends on the size of the periplasm.',PLoS Biologyhttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5736177?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The biotinylated nanobody, isolated from the periplasm, was purified using streptavidin-mutein affinity chromatography.
Alfiah Noor, Gudrun Walser, Matthijs Wesseling, Philippe Giron, Albert-Menno Laffra,Fatima Haddouchi, Jacques De Grève, Peter Kronenberger 2018, 'Production of a mono-biotinylated EGFR nanobody in the E. coli periplasm using thepET22b vector', BMC Research Noteshttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13104-018-3852-1. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Enzymatic analysis showed distinct patterns in both the cytoplasm and the periplasm.
Kent N. Strodtman, Sooyoung Frank, Severin Stevenson, Jay J. Thelen, David W. Emerich 2018, 'Proteomic Characterization of Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens Bacteroids Revealsa Post-Symbiotic, Hemibiotrophic-Like Lifestyle of the Bacteria within Senescing SoybeanNodules', International Journal of Molecular Scienceshttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/19/12/3947. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Electron microscopy showed that p-cymene-grown cells exhibited fuzzy outer and inner membranes and an increased periplasm.
Loreine Agulló, María José Romero-Silva, Mirian Domenech, Michael Seeger 2017, 'p-Cymene Promotes Its Catabolism through the p-Cymene and the p-Cumate Pathways, Activatesa Stress Response and Reduces the Biofilm Formation in Burkholderia xenovorans LB400',PLOS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0169544. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
All alginate-producing bacteria use periplasmic alginate lyases to remove alginatemolecules aberrantly released to the periplasm.
Helga eErtesvåg 2015, 'Alginate-modifying enzymes: Biological roles and biotechnological uses', Frontiers in Microbiologyhttp://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00523/full. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)