Amelogenesis features two major developmental stages—secretory and maturation.
Kaifeng Yin, Kaifeng Yin, Jing Guo, Wenting Lin, Sarah Y. T. Robertson, ManoocherSoleimani, Michael L. Paine 2017, 'Deletion of Slc26a1 and Slc26a7 Delays Enamel Mineralization in Mice', Frontiers in Physiologyhttp://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2017.00307/full. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The results indicated that hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta teeth had differentmicrostructures compared to normal teeth.
Ping Qing, Yue Li, Shanshan Gao, Mengting Qiao, Linmao Qian, Haiyang Yu 2015, 'Characterization of the nanoscratch, microstructure, and composition in hypoplasticamelogenesis imperfecta', Advances in Mechanical Engineeringhttp://ade.sagepub.com/content/7/7/1687814015595597.full.pdf. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta demonstrated a higher composition of organic substance.
Ping Qing, Yue Li, Shanshan Gao, Mengting Qiao, Linmao Qian, Haiyang Yu 2015, 'Characterization of the nanoscratch, microstructure, and composition in hypoplasticamelogenesis imperfecta', Advances in Mechanical Engineeringhttp://ade.sagepub.com/content/7/7/1687814015595597.full.pdf. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
These interactions may be important for enamel mineralization during amelogenesis.
Satoshi Fukumoto, Takashi Nakamura, Aya Yamada, Makiko Arakaki, Kan Saito, Juan Xu,Emiko Fukumoto, Yoshihiko Yamada 2014, 'New insights into the functions of enamel matrices in calcified tissues', Japanese Dental Science Reviewhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1882761614000027. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Amelogenesis imperfecta presents with abnormal formation of the enamel both in deciduous and permanent dentition.
A P Javed, Prashanth Shenai, Laxmikanth Chatra, K M Veena, Prasanna Kumar Rao, RachanaPrabhu 2013, 'Occurrence of epidermolysis bullosa along with Amelogenesis imperfecta in female patientof India', Dental Research Journalhttp://www.drjjournal.net/article.asp?issn=1735-3327;year=2013;volume=10;issue=6;spage=813;epage=816;aulast=Javed. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The lack of mature enamel was consistent with amelogenesis imperfecta.
Armando R. Irizarry, Guirui Yan, Qingqiang Zeng, Jonathan Lucchesi, Matthew J. Hamang,Yanfei L. Ma, James Xiaojun Rong 2017, 'Defective enamel and bone development in sodium-dependent citrate transporter (NaCT)Slc13a5 deficient mice', PLOS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0175465. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Amelogenesis imperfecta represents a group of dental developmental conditions that are genomic in origin.
SNMP Sockalingam 2011, 'Dental rehabilitation of amelogenesis imperfecta using thermoformed templates', Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistryhttp://www.jisppd.com/article.asp?issn=0970-4388;year=2011;volume=29;issue=1;spage=53;epage=56;aulast=Sockalingam. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
In the symposium, translational aspects of embryology, biochemistry, and genetics of amelogenesis were presented.
Adriana Modesto, Ophir Klein, Livia M.A. Tenuta, Raquel F. Gerlach, Alexandre R. Vieira 2013, 'Summary of the IADR Cariology Research, Craniofacial Biology, and Mineralized TissueGroups Symposium, Iguaçu Falls, Brazil, June 2012: Gene-environment Interactions andEpigenetics in Oral Diseases: Enamel Formation and its Clinical Impact on Tooth Defects,Caries, and Erosion', Dentistry 3000http://dentistry3000.pitt.edu/ojs/index.php/dentistry3000/article/view/16. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Many of these processes are also an integral part of amelogenesis.
Andrew Cho, Naoto Haruyama, Bradford Hall, Mary Jo S Danton, Lu Zhang, Praveen Arany,David J Mooney, Yassine Harichane, Michel Goldberg, Carolyn W Gibson, Ashok B Kulkarni 2013, 'TGF-ß regulates enamel mineralization and maturation through KLK4 expression.', PLoS ONEhttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3835418?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Hence, the major structural function of claudin proteins appears essential for amelogenesis.
Claire Bardet, Sandy Ribes, Yong Wu, Yong Wu, Mamadou Tidiane Diallo, Benjamin Salmon,Benjamin Salmon, Tilman Breiderhoff, Pascal Houillier, Dominik Müller, Catherine Chaussain,Catherine Chaussain 2017, 'Claudin Loss-of-Function Disrupts Tight Junctions and Impairs Amelogenesis', Frontiers in Physiologyhttp://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2017.00326/full. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)