a toxic antibiotic with carcinogenic properties, produced by some moulds
patulin in American English
(ˈpætjulɪn, ˈpætʃu-)
noun
Pharmacology
a toxic antibiotic, C7H6O4, derived from various fungi, as Penicillium patulum and Aspergillus clavatus.
Also called: clavacin
Word origin
[1940–45; ‹ NL patul(um) specific epithet of the fungus (L: neut. of patuluspatulous) + -in2]This word is first recorded in the period 1940–45. Other words that entered Englishat around the same time include: black box, redline, silkscreen, whiteout, zap-in is a noun suffix used in a special manner in chemical and mineralogical nomenclature(glycerin; acetin, etc.). In spelling, usage wavers between -in and -ine. In chemistry a certain distinction of use is attempted, basic substances havingthe termination -ine rather than -in (aconitine; aniline, etc.), and -in being restricted to certain neutral compounds, glycerides, glucosides, and proteids(albumin; palmitin, etc.), but this distinction is not always observed
Examples of 'patulin' in a sentence
patulin
A lower proportion of patulin was released from the strain with higher adsorption ability.
Ling Wang, Zhouli Wang, Yahong Yuan, Rui Cai, Chen Niu, Tianli Yue 2015, 'Identification of Key Factors Involved in the Biosorption of Patulin by InactivatedLactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) Cells', PLOS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0143431. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Economically the most important of these mycotoxins are aflatoxins, ochratoxins and patulin.
János Varga, Krisztina Rigó, Beáta Tóth, József Téren, Zofia Kozakiewicz 2003, 'Evolutionary Relationships among Aspergillus Species Producing Economically ImportantMycotoxins', Food Technology and Biotechnologyhttp://hrcak.srce.hr/file/163467. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Ozone treatment reduced fungal populations and patulin production.
Thaer YASEEN, Alessandra RICELLI, Burak TURAN, Pietro ALBANESE, Anna Maria D'ONGHIA 2015, 'Ozone for post-harvest treatment of apple fruits', Phytopathologia Mediterraneahttp://www.fupress.net/index.php/pm/article/view/14478. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
There are contradictory results about the inactivation of patulin with heat treatment and storage.
Çetin KADAKAL, Sebahattin NAS 2000, 'FACTORS EFFECTING TO THE AMOUNT OF PATULIN IN APPLE AND APPLE PRODUCTS', Pamukkale University Journal of Engineering Scienceshttp://dergipark.ulakbim.gov.tr/pajes/article/view/5000089906. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
We did not study patulin further due to previously published evidence of toxicity.
Julie Liao, George Xu, Emily E. Mevers, Jon Clardy, Paula I. Watnick 2018, 'A high-throughput, whole cell assay to identify compounds active against carbapenem-resistantKlebsiella pneumoniae', PLOS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0209389. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
In some studies, the amount of patulin after processing did not decrease sufficiently.
Elham Babaali, Azam Abbasi, Zahra Sarlak 2017, 'Risks of Patulin and Its Removal Procedures: A Review', International Journal of Nutrition Scienceshttp://ijns.sums.ac.ir/index.php/IJNS/article/view/16. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
As confirmation, patulin content of representative samples was determined.
Simona Marianna Sanzani, Monica Marilena Miazzi, Valentina di Rienzo, Valentina Fanelli,Giuseppe Gambacorta, Maria Rosaria Taurino, Cinzia Montemurro 2016, 'A Rapid Assay to Detect Toxigenic Penicillium spp. Contamination in Wine and Musts',Toxinshttp://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/8/8/235. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
However, the live cells significantly reduced the concentration of the patulin.
Xiangfeng Zheng, Qiya Yang, Hongyin Zhang, Jing Cao, Xiaoyun Zhang, Maurice TibiruApaliya 2016, 'The Possible Mechanisms Involved in Degradation of Patulin by Pichia caribbica', Toxinshttp://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/8/10/289. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Several yeast strains have shown the ability to effectively degrade patulin.
Yong Chen, Huai-Min Peng, Xiao Wang, Bo-Qiang Li, Man-Yuan Long, Shi-Ping Tian 2017, 'Biodegradation Mechanisms of Patulin in Candida guilliermondii: An iTRAQ-Based ProteomicAnalysis', Toxinshttp://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/9/2/48. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
E-ascladiol was the main degradation product of patulin.
Yong Chen, Huai-Min Peng, Xiao Wang, Bo-Qiang Li, Man-Yuan Long, Shi-Ping Tian 2017, 'Biodegradation Mechanisms of Patulin in Candida guilliermondii: An iTRAQ-Based ProteomicAnalysis', Toxinshttp://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/9/2/48. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)