However, transient exocytic events were also observed, where the fusion-pore opens and closes repetitively.
Doron eKabaso, Doron eKabaso, Jernej eJorgačevski, Jernej eJorgačevski, Ana IsabelCalejo, Ana Isabel Calejo, Ajda eFlasker, Alenka eGucek, Marko eKreft, Marko eKreft,Marko eKreft, Robert eZorec, Robert eZorec 2013, 'Comparison of unitary exocytic events in pituitary lactotrophs and in astrocytes:modelling the discrete open fusion-pore states', Frontiers in Cellular Neurosciencehttp://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fncel.2013.00033/full. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
However, the mechanism by which cholesterol triggered these exocytic events had not been uncovered.
Barbara Hissa, Bruno Pontes, Paula Magda S Roma, Ana Paula Alves, Carolina D Rocha,Thalita M Valverde, Pedro Henrique N Aguiar, Fernando P Almeida, Allan J Guimarães,Cristina Guatimosim, Aristóbolo M Silva, Maria C Fernandes, Norma W Andrews, NathanB Viana, Oscar N Mesquita, Ubirajara Agero, Luciana O Andrade 2013, 'Membrane cholesterol removal changes mechanical properties of cells and induces secretionof a specific pool of lysosomes.', PLoS ONEhttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3869752?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Here, we study the impact of exocytic and post-endocytic trafficking on cell surface channel abundance in cardiomyocytes.
Rachel Conrad, Gabriel Stölting, Johnny Hendriks, Giovanna Ruello, Daniel Kortzak,Nadine Jordan, Thomas Gensch, Patricia Hidalgo 2018, 'Rapid Turnover of the Cardiac L-Type CaV1.2 Channel by Endocytic Recycling RegulatesIts Cell Surface Availability', iSciencehttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S258900421830124X. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Disruption of visualized actin at the membrane resulted in the loss of specificity of exocytic site.
Jie Wang, David A Richards 2011, 'Spatial regulation of exocytic site and vesicle mobilization by the actin cytoskeleton.',PLoS ONEhttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3237607?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Dynamins are fission proteins that mediate endocytic and exocytic membrane events and are pharmacological therapeutic targets.
Maaike Kockx, Denuja Karunakaran, Mathew Traini, Jing Xue, Kuan Yen Huang, Diana Nawara,Katharina Gaus, Wendy Jessup, Phillip J. Robinson, Leonard Kritharides 2014, 'Pharmacological Inhibition of Dynamin II Reduces Constitutive Protein Secretion fromPrimary Human Macrophages', PLoS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0111186. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Unitary exocytic events were recorded by the high-resolution cell-attached patch-clamp method in pituitary lactotrophs and brain astrocytes.
Doron eKabaso, Doron eKabaso, Jernej eJorgačevski, Jernej eJorgačevski, Ana IsabelCalejo, Ana Isabel Calejo, Ajda eFlasker, Alenka eGucek, Marko eKreft, Marko eKreft,Marko eKreft, Robert eZorec, Robert eZorec 2013, 'Comparison of unitary exocytic events in pituitary lactotrophs and in astrocytes:modelling the discrete open fusion-pore states', Frontiers in Cellular Neurosciencehttp://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fncel.2013.00033/full. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The exocyst was discovered as a tethering complex mediating initial encounter of arriving exocytic vesicles with the plasma membrane.
Lukas eSynek, Juraj eSekeres, Juraj eSekeres, Viktor eZarsky, Viktor eZarsky 2014, 'The exocyst at the interface between cytoskeleton and membranes in eukaryotic cells',Frontiers in Plant Sciencehttp://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpls.2013.00543/full. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Mucin granules undergo exocytic fusion with the plasma membrane at a low basal rate and a high stimulated rate.
Kenneth Bruce Adler, Michael J. Tuvim, Burton F Dickey 2013, 'Regulated Mucin Secretion from Airway Epithelial Cells', Frontiers in Endocrinologyhttp://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fendo.2013.00129/full. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)